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Marapi

Complex volcano · Indonesia · 2885m

Marapi, seen here in front of above rice fields, is Sumatra's most active volcano. More than 50 small-to-moderate explosive eruptions have occurred since the end of the 18th century. Marapi, not to be confused with the more well-known Merapi volcano on Java, has multiple summit craters and reaches 2,000 m above the Padang Highlands in central Sumatra.
Marapi, seen here in front of above rice fields, is Sumatra's most active volcano. More than 50 small-to-moderate explosive eruptions have occurred since the end of the 18th century. Marapi, not to be confused with the more well-known Merapi volcano on Java, has multiple summit craters and reaches 2,000 m above the Padang Highlands in central Sumatra. · Photo: Photo by Amin, 2003 (Centre of Volcanology & Geological Hazard Mitigation, Volcanological Survey of Indonesia). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Complex volcano
Country
Indonesia
Region
Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions / Sunda Volcanic Arc
Elevation
2885m
Coordinates
-0.380, 100.474
Last eruption
2026
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Geological summary

Gunung Marapi, not to be confused with the better-known Merapi volcano on Java, is Sumatra's most active volcano. This massive complex stratovolcano rises 2,000 m above the Bukittinggi Plain in the Padang Highlands. A broad summit contains multiple partially overlapping summit craters constructed within the small 1.4-km-wide Bancah caldera. The summit craters are located along an ENE-WSW line, with volcanism migrating to the west. More than 50 eruptions, typically consisting of small-to-moderate explosive activity, have been recorded since the end of the 18th century; no lava flows outside the summit craters have been reported in historical time.

From Wikipedia

The Marapi, or Mount Marapi, is a complex volcano in West Sumatra, Indonesia, and is the most active volcano in Sumatra. Like that of its quasi-homonym on Java, its name means "Mountain of Fire". Its elevation is 2,885 metres (9,465.2 ft). Several cities and towns are situated around the mountain including Bukittinggi, Padang Panjang, and Batusangkar. The volcano is also popular among hikers.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
1770~1795 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 21795~1821 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 21821~1846 · 3 eruptions · max VEI 21846~1871 · 6 eruptions · max VEI 21871~1897 · 9 eruptions · max VEI 21897~1922 · 13 eruptions · max VEI 21922~1947 · 6 eruptions · max VEI 21947~1972 · 10 eruptions · max VEI 21972~1998 · 8 eruptions · max VEI 21998~2023 · 13 eruptions · max VEI 217701821189719471998

Detailed timeline

  1. 2023VEI 1Observed
    2023-01-07 – 2023-03-17
  2. 2023VEI 2Observed
    2023-12-03 – 2026-03-24
  3. 2018VEI 2Observed
    2018-04-27 – 2018-05-02
    Verbeek Crater
  4. 2017VEI 1Observed
    2017-06-04 – 2017-06-04
    Verbeek Crater
  5. 2015VEI 1Observed
    2015-11-14 – 2015-11-14
    Verbeek Crater
  6. 2014VEI 1Observed
    2014-02-03 – 2014-02-26
    Verbeek Crater
  7. 2012VEI 1Observed
    2012-03-01 – 2012-05-18
    Verbeek Crater (?)
  8. 2012VEI 1Observed
    2012-09-26 – 2012-09-26
    Summit crater area
  9. 2011VEI 1Observed
    2011-08-03 – 2011-10-12
    Summit Crater
  10. 2004VEI 2Observed
    2004-08-05 – 2004-08-05
  11. 2001VEI 2Observed
    2001-04-13 – 2001-06-05
    Verbeek Crater
  12. 2000VEI 2Observed
    2000-03-11 – 2000-04-03
  13. 1999VEI 2Observed
    1999-04-16 – 1999-09-16
  14. 1987VEI 2Observed
    1987-01-15 – 1994-08-12
    Verbeek Crater
  15. 1984VEI 1Observed
    1984-11-15 – 1984-11-15
    Kepundan Tuo, Kepundan B
  16. 1983VEI 1Observed
    1983-07-02 – Ongoing
    Kepundan Tuo and Kepundan Verbeek
  17. 1982VEI 1Observed
    1982-03-10 – 1982-05-16
  18. 1982VEI 1Observed
    1982-12-16 – 1982-12-16
  19. 1980VEI 1Observed
    1980-03-29 – Ongoing
  20. 1975VEI 2Observed
    1975-01-16 – 1979-09-11
    Verbeek Crater, B and C Craters
  21. 1973VEI 2Observed
    1973-07-24 – 1973-07-24
    Verbeek Crater
  22. 1970VEI 2Observed
    1970-07-26 – 1971-08-20
    Bungo, Bongsu, Tuo, B and C Craters
  23. 1968VEI 1Geological estimate
    1968-12-16 – 1968-12-16
    Craters B and C
  24. 1967VEI 1Observed
    1967-04-16 – 1967-07-16
    Crater C, Bungsu Crater
  25. 1966VEI 1Observed
    1966-03-16 – 1966-06-16
    B and C Craters, Kebun Bungo
  26. 1958VEI 1Observed
    1958-06-23 – 1958-06-23
  27. 1958VEI 1Observed
    1958-10-17 – 1958-10-25
  28. 1954VEI 2Observed
    1954-08-16 – 1957-12-16
    Kepundan Bongsu, B and C Craters
  29. 1950VEI 2Observed
    1950-09-27 – 1952-06-14
    Kepundan Bongsu, Kuniang, Jinggo
  30. 1949VEI 2Observed
    1949-04-29 – 1949-04-30
    Kepundan Bongsu
  31. 1949VEI 2Observed
    1949-10-15 – 1949-10-22
  32. 1943 (±5 yrs)VEI ?Observed
    1943 – Ongoing
    Kepundan Kuniang, Kepundan Jinggo
  33. 1932VEI 2Observed
    1932 – Ongoing
  34. 1930VEI 2Observed
    1930-04-09 – 1930-12-07
  35. 1929VEI 2Observed
    1929-06-22 – 1929-06-22
    Kepundan Bongsu
  36. 1927VEI 2Observed
    1927-02-05 – 1927-08-03
    Kepundan Bongsu
  37. 1925VEI 0Observed
    1925-04 – Ongoing
  38. 1919VEI 2Observed
    1919-02-28 – 1919-03-01
  39. 1918VEI 2Observed
    1918-03-08 – 1918-03-10
  40. 1918VEI 2Observed
    1918-08-15 – 1918-08-15
  41. 1917VEI 2Observed
    1917-06-16 – 1917-09-16
  42. 1916VEI 1Observed
    1916-05-05 – 1916-07-07
  43. 1915VEI 2Observed
    1915-12 – Ongoing
  44. 1914VEI 2Observed
    1914-07-01 – Ongoing
  45. 1913VEI 2Observed
    1913-06-23 – 1913-07-31
  46. 1911VEI 2Observed
    1911-11-02 – Ongoing
  47. 1910VEI 2Observed
    1910 – Ongoing
  48. 1907VEI 2Observed
    1907-12-17 – 1908-09
  49. 1905VEI 2Observed
    1905-11-01 – Ongoing
  50. 1904VEI 1Observed
    1904-04-18 – 1904-04-18
  51. 1889VEI 2Observed
    1889-03-27 – 1889-04-17
  52. 1888VEI 2Observed
    1888-02-19 – 1888-03-19
  53. 1886VEI 2Observed
    1886-03-31 – 1886-05-03
  54. 1885VEI 2Observed
    1885-11-12 – Ongoing
  55. 1883VEI 1Observed
    1883-06-25 – 1883-08-27
  56. 1883VEI 1Observed
    1883-12 – 1883-12
  57. 1878VEI 2Geological estimate
    1878-12 – Ongoing
  58. 1876VEI 2Observed
    1876-04-04 – Ongoing
  59. 1876VEI 2Observed
    1876-08 – 1877-06
  60. 1871VEI 2Observed
    1871-04-24 – Ongoing
  61. 1871VEI 2Observed
    1871-09-24 – Ongoing
  62. 1863VEI 2Observed
    1863-05-23 – Ongoing
  63. 1861VEI 2Observed
    1861-04 – Ongoing
  64. 1855VEI 2Observed
    1855-10-02 – 1856-01
  65. 1854VEI 2Observed
    1854-08-29 – Ongoing
  66. 1845VEI 2Observed
    1845-11-16 – 1845-11-18
  67. 1833VEI 2Observed
    1833 – 1834
  68. 1822VEI 2Observed
    1822-07-23 – 1822-07-31
  69. 1807VEI 2Observed
    1807 – Ongoing
  70. 1770VEI 2Observed
    1770 – Ongoing

External links

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