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Mountain Papandayan

Papandayan

Stratovolcano · Indonesia · 2643m

Papandayan volcano has four large summit craters. The light-colored area in this view from the east is Kawah Mas ("Golden Crater"), an active hydrothermal area that was the site of two small phreatic eruptions in the first half of the twentieth century. In 1772 the volcano underwent flank collapsed that produced a debris avalanche that swept over lowland areas to the east, destroying 40 villages.
Papandayan volcano has four large summit craters. The light-colored area in this view from the east is Kawah Mas ("Golden Crater"), an active hydrothermal area that was the site of two small phreatic eruptions in the first half of the twentieth century. In 1772 the volcano underwent flank collapsed that produced a debris avalanche that swept over lowland areas to the east, destroying 40 villages. · Photo: Photo by Ruska Hadian, 1982 (Volcanological Survey of Indonesia). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Indonesia
Region
Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions / Sunda Volcanic Arc
Elevation
2643m
Coordinates
-7.317, 107.731
Last eruption
2002
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Geological summary

Papandayan is a complex stratovolcano at the S end of a curved volcanic massif with Kendang volcano ~9 km away at the N end, Gunung Puntang ~3.5 km NNE, and Gunung Jaya ~6 km NNE. Several episodes of collapse have created an irregular profile and produced debris avalanches that have affected lowland areas. The summit area includes four large craters, including the 1.1-km-wide, flat-floored Alun-Alun crater. A sulfur-encrusted fumarole field occupies the active Kawah Mas ("Golden Crater"). The first reported eruption, in 1772 CE, included a collapse of the NE flank and a debris avalanche that destroyed 40 villages and killed almost 3,000 people. Smaller phreatic eruptions occurred during 1923-25, 1942, and 2002.

From Wikipedia

Mount Papandayan is a complex stratovolcano, located in Garut Regency, to the southeast of the city of Bandung in West Java, Indonesia. It is about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the southwest of the town of Garut. At the summit, there are four large craters which contain active fumarole fields. An eruption in 1772 caused the northeast flank to collapse producing a catastrophic debris avalanche that destroyed 40 villages and killed nearly 3,000 people. The eruption truncated the volcano into a broad shape with two peaks and a flat area 1.1 km wide with Alun-Alun crater in the middle, making the mountain appear as a twin volcano; one of the peaks is called Papandayan and the other Mount Puntang.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
1772~1795 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 31910~1933 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 11933~1956 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 11979~2002 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 217721818188719331979

Detailed timeline

  1. 2002VEI 2Observed
    2002-11-11 – 2002-12-19
    Kawah Baru, Kawah Nangklak
  2. 1942VEI 1Observed
    1942-08-15 – 1942-08-16
  3. 1923VEI 1Observed
    1923-03-11 – 1925-03-09
    Kawah Baru, Kawah Nangklak
  4. 1772VEI 3Observed
    1772-08-12 – 1772-08-12

External links

⚠ For reference only. Not for emergency response.