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Semeru

Stratovolcano · Indonesia · 3657m

Semeru volcano rises above the coastal plain in Java, shown here producing a small ash plume in 1985. Larger eruptions occasionally produce pyroclastic flows and lahars that reach as far as the lower flanks of the volcano. Semeru (also known as Mahameru: "Great Mountain") has been in near-continuous activity since 1818.
Semeru volcano rises above the coastal plain in Java, shown here producing a small ash plume in 1985. Larger eruptions occasionally produce pyroclastic flows and lahars that reach as far as the lower flanks of the volcano. Semeru (also known as Mahameru: "Great Mountain") has been in near-continuous activity since 1818. · Photo: Photo by Tom Casadevall, 1985 (U.S. Geological Survey). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Indonesia
Region
Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions / Sunda Volcanic Arc
Elevation
3657m
Coordinates
-8.108, 112.922
Last eruption
2026
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Geological summary

Semeru, the highest volcano on Java, and one of its most active, lies at the southern end of a volcanic massif extending north to the Tengger caldera. The steep-sided volcano, also referred to as Mahameru (Great Mountain), rises above coastal plains to the south. Gunung Semeru was constructed south of the overlapping Ajek-ajek and Jambangan calderas. A line of lake-filled maars was constructed along a N-S trend cutting through the summit, and cinder cones and lava domes occupy the eastern and NE flanks. Summit topography is complicated by the shifting of craters from NW to SE. Frequent 19th and 20th century eruptions were dominated by small-to-moderate explosions from the summit crater, with occasional lava flows and larger explosive eruptions accompanied by pyroclastic flows that have reached the lower flanks of the volcano.

From Wikipedia

Semeru is the highest mountain on the Indonesian island of Java and an active volcano located in the province of East Java in a subduction zone, where the Indo-Australian Plate subducts under the Eurasian Plate. Semeru is 3,676 m tall at its peak, making it the third tallest volcano in Indonesia.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
1818~1838 · 6 eruptions · max VEI 21838~1858 · 9 eruptions · max VEI 21858~1878 · 8 eruptions · max VEI 21878~1898 · 14 eruptions · max VEI 21898~1919 · 17 eruptions · max VEI 31939~1959 · 5 eruptions · max VEI 21959~1979 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 31999~2019 · 6 eruptions · max VEI 418181858191919591999

Detailed timeline

  1. 2019VEI 4Observed
    2019-02-24 – 2026-03-25
    Jonggring Seloko
  2. 2017VEI 4Observed
    2017-06-06 – 2018-10-31
    Jonggring Seloko
  3. 2014VEI 4Observed
    2014-04-01 – 2017-01-09
    Jonggring Seloko
  4. 2013VEI 1Observed
    2013-10-18 – 2013-10-18
    Jonggring Seloko
  5. 2011VEI 2Observed
    2011-05-13 – 2012-07-20
    Jonggring Seloko
  6. 2010VEI 2Observed
    2010-01-05 – 2010-11-29
    Jonggring Seloko
  7. 1967VEI 3Observed
    1967-08-31 – 2009-03-15
    Jonggring Seloko
  8. 1950VEI 2Observed
    1950-07-23 – 1964-12-16
    Jonggring Seloko
  9. 1946VEI 2Observed
    1946-10-29 – 1947-06
    Jonggring Seloko
  10. 1946VEI 2Observed
    1946-02 – 1946-05
    Jonggring Seloko
  11. 1945VEI 2Observed
    1945-06-12 – 1945-06-18
    Jonggring Seloko
  12. 1941VEI 2Observed
    1941-09-21 – 1942-02
    ESE flank (1400-1775 m)
  13. 1915 (±1 yrs)VEI 2Observed
    1915 – Ongoing
  14. 1913VEI 2Observed
    1913-06-23 – 1913-06-26
    Jonggring Seloko
  15. 1912VEI 2Observed
    1912-08-28 – Ongoing
  16. 1911VEI 3Observed
    1911-11-08 – 1911-12
  17. 1910VEI 2Observed
    1910-11-16 – 1911-02
  18. 1909VEI 2Observed
    1909-09 – 1910-03-22
  19. 1908VEI 2Observed
    1908-01 – 1908-12
  20. 1907VEI 2Observed
    1907-01-07 – 1907-01-10
  21. 1907VEI 2Observed
    1907-07-09 – Ongoing
  22. 1905VEI 2Observed
    1905-08-04 – Ongoing
  23. 1904VEI 2Observed
    1904-01-02 – 1904-01-16
  24. 1903VEI 2Observed
    1903-03-26 – 1903-06
  25. 1901VEI 2Observed
    1901-01-29 – 1901-01-30
  26. 1900VEI 2Observed
    1900-03-29 – 1900-04-11
  27. 1899VEI 2Observed
    1899-01-17 – 1899-03-31
  28. 1899VEI 2Observed
    1899-08-11 – Ongoing
  29. 1899VEI 2Observed
    1899-12 – Ongoing
  30. 1898VEI 2Observed
    1898-02-23 – Ongoing
  31. 1897VEI 2Observed
    1897-01-01 – 1897-01-03
  32. 1896VEI 2Observed
    1896-05 – 1896-06
  33. 1895VEI 2Observed
    1895-05-22 – 1895-10-01
  34. 1893VEI 2Observed
    1893-01 – 1893-05
  35. 1893VEI 2Observed
    1893-12-11 – 1894-02
  36. 1892VEI 2Observed
    1892-03 – 1892-04
  37. 1889VEI 2Observed
    1889-01 – 1891-05-31
  38. 1888VEI 2Observed
    1888-02 – 1888-10
  39. 1887VEI 2Observed
    1887-02 – 1887-03
  40. 1887VEI 2Observed
    1887-08 – 1887-10-11
  41. 1886VEI 2Observed
    1886-01-25 – 1886-08-26
  42. 1884VEI 2Observed
    1884-12-10 – 1885-09
  43. 1879VEI 2Observed
    1879 – Ongoing
  44. 1878VEI 2Observed
    1878 – Ongoing
  45. 1877VEI 2Observed
    1877-04 – Ongoing
  46. 1877VEI 2Observed
    1877-09 – Ongoing
  47. 1872VEI 2Observed
    1872-10-23 – 1872-10-23
  48. 1867VEI 2Observed
    1867-04-15 – 1867-05
  49. 1866VEI 2Geological estimate
    1866 – Ongoing
  50. 1865VEI 2Observed
    1865-04-15 – Ongoing
  51. 1860VEI 2Observed
    1860-04 – 1860-06
  52. 1857VEI 2Observed
    1857-08-13 – 1857-09
  53. 1856VEI 2Observed
    1856-09-10 – Ongoing
  54. 1851VEI 2Observed
    1851-01 – Ongoing
  55. 1849VEI ?Geological estimate
    1849 – Ongoing
  56. 1848VEI 2Observed
    1848-02 – Ongoing
  57. 1848VEI 2Observed
    1848-08-04 – Ongoing
  58. 1845VEI 2Observed
    1845-01 – 1845-07
  59. 1844VEI 2Observed
    1844-09-25 – 1844-09-27
  60. 1842VEI 2Observed
    1842-01 – 1842-03
  61. 1838VEI 2Observed
    1838-07 – 1838-10-18
  62. 1836VEI 2Observed
    1836-08-03 – 1836-08-05
  63. 1832VEI 2Observed
    1832-04-18 – Ongoing
  64. 1830VEI 2Observed
    1830-12-15 – 1830-12-16
  65. 1829VEI 2Observed
    1829-02 – Ongoing
  66. 1818VEI 2Observed
    1818-11-08 – Ongoing

External links

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