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Gunung Raung

Raung

Stratovolcano · Indonesia · 3260m

Raung volcano, near the eastern tip of Java, contains a 2-km-wide summit caldera. One of Java's most active volcanoes, Raung produces frequent moderate explosive eruptions, like this one in 1988 from a cone within the caldera, that keep the upper flanks of the volcano sparsely vegetated. Raung forms part of a NW-SE-trending chain of volcanoes constructed near the SW rim of Ijen caldera.
Raung volcano, near the eastern tip of Java, contains a 2-km-wide summit caldera. One of Java's most active volcanoes, Raung produces frequent moderate explosive eruptions, like this one in 1988 from a cone within the caldera, that keep the upper flanks of the volcano sparsely vegetated. Raung forms part of a NW-SE-trending chain of volcanoes constructed near the SW rim of Ijen caldera. · Photo: Photo by Willem Rohi, 1988 (Volcanological Survey of Indonesia). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Indonesia
Region
Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions / Sunda Volcanic Arc
Elevation
3260m
Coordinates
-8.119, 114.056
Last eruption
2025
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Geological summary

Raung, one of Java's most active volcanoes, is a massive stratovolcano in easternmost Java that was constructed SW of the rim of Ijen caldera. The unvegetated summit is truncated by a dramatic steep-walled, 2-km-wide caldera that has been the site of frequent historical eruptions. A prehistoric collapse of Gunung Gadung on the W flank produced a large debris avalanche that traveled 79 km, reaching nearly to the Indian Ocean. Raung contains several centers constructed along a NE-SW line, with Gunung Suket and Gunung Gadung stratovolcanoes being located to the NE and W, respectively.

From Wikipedia

The Raung (ꦫꦲꦸꦁ), or Mount Raung is one of the most active volcanoes on the island of Java in Indonesia. It is located in the province of East Java and has a 2-kilometer-wide (1.2 mi) and 500-meter-deep (1,600 ft) caldera surrounded by a grayish rim. The difference in color of the rim and the flanks of the volcanoes is caused by the rim’s lack of vegetation compared with the healthy and extensive vegetation on the flanks. Raung, standing almost 3,332 metres (10,932 ft) above sea level, is the tallest volcano of this cluster. Its summit, in Bondowoso Regency, is also the highest point of the regency.

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Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
1586~1630 · 3 eruptions · max VEI 51630~1674 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 41718~1762 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 31762~1806 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 21806~1849 · 5 eruptions · max VEI 41849~1893 · 6 eruptions · max VEI 21893~1937 · 17 eruptions · max VEI 21937~1981 · 15 eruptions · max VEI 31981~2025 · 26 eruptions · max VEI 315861674180618931981

Detailed timeline

  1. 2025VEI ?Observed
    2025-03-13 – 2025-07-11
  2. 2024VEI 2Observed
    2024-12-15 – 2024-12-24
  3. 2022VEI 2Observed
    2022-05-14 – 2022-09-27
  4. 2021VEI 2Observed
    2021-01-21 – 2021-04-14
  5. 2020VEI 1Observed
    2020-07-16 – 2020-10-03
  6. 2014VEI 1Observed
    2014-01-04 – 2014-01-04
  7. 2014VEI 2Observed
    2014-11-23 – 2015-08-30
    Summit crater
  8. 2013VEI 1Observed
    2013-06-29 – 2013-07-31
    Summit crater
  9. 2012VEI 1Observed
    2012-10-16 – 2013-01-06
    Summit crater
  10. 2008VEI 2Observed
    2008-06-12 – 2008-06-17
  11. 2007VEI 2Observed
    2007-07-26 – 2007-08-26
  12. 2005VEI 2Geological estimate
    2005-07-23 – 2005-08-15
  13. 2004VEI 2Geological estimate
    2004-04-15 – 2004-10-08
  14. 2002VEI 2Observed
    2002-06-16 – 2002-08-25
  15. 2000VEI 2Observed
    2000-07-09 – 2000-07-09
  16. 1999VEI 2Observed
    1999-07-30 – Ongoing
  17. 1997VEI 2Observed
    1997-04-16 – Ongoing
  18. 1995VEI 1Observed
    1995-03-16 – 1995-03-16
  19. 1995VEI 2Geological estimate
    1995-08-15 – Ongoing
  20. 1994VEI 1Observed
    1994-07-14 – 1994-07-14
  21. 1993VEI 1Observed
    1993-04-01 – Ongoing
  22. 1991VEI 2Observed
    1991-09-10 – 1991-11-12
  23. 1990VEI 2Observed
    1990-01-16 – 1990-12-16
  24. 1987VEI 1Observed
    1987-05-16 – 1989-07-28
  25. 1985VEI 2Observed
    1985-08-23 – 1986-02-28
  26. 1982VEI 3Observed
    1982-07-18 – 1982-07-20
  27. 1978VEI 1Observed
    1978-01-16 – 1979-12-16
  28. 1977VEI 2Observed
    1977-06-09 – 1977-06-30
  29. 1976VEI 2Observed
    1976-06-07 – 1976-11-21
  30. 1975VEI 1Observed
    1975-03-16 – 1975-05-16
  31. 1974VEI 2Observed
    1974-06-15 – 1974-07-17
  32. 1973VEI 1Observed
    1973-05-16 – 1973-10-16
  33. 1971VEI 1Observed
    1971-09-14 – 1971-09-14
  34. 1956VEI 3Observed
    1956-02-13 – 1956-03-25
  35. 1955VEI 2Observed
    1955-01-18 – 1955-01-18
  36. 1953VEI 3Observed
    1953-01-31 – 1953-04-15
  37. 1944VEI 2Observed
    1944-06-30 – 1945-04-19
  38. 1943VEI 2Observed
    1943-03-17 – 1943-06-18
  39. 1941VEI 2Observed
    1941-12-13 – Ongoing
  40. 1940VEI 2Observed
    1940 – Ongoing
  41. 1938VEI 2Observed
    1938-08-13 – 1939-01-10
  42. 1937VEI 2Observed
    1937-10-27 – 1937-11-27
  43. 1936VEI 2Observed
    1936-08-22 – 1936-12-11
  44. 1933VEI 2Observed
    1933-11-21 – 1933-12-06
  45. 1929VEI 2Observed
    1929-04-27 – Ongoing
  46. 1928VEI 2Observed
    1928-11 – Ongoing
  47. 1927VEI 2Observed
    1927-08-02 – 1928-03
    Central cone and NW crater wall
  48. 1924VEI 2Observed
    1924-02 – Ongoing
  49. 1924VEI 2Geological estimate
    1924-08-20 – Ongoing
  50. 1921VEI 2Observed
    1921-02-14 – 1921-04
    1913 cone
  51. 1917VEI 2Observed
    1917-02-22 – Ongoing
  52. 1916VEI 2Observed
    1916-11 – 1916-12
  53. 1915VEI 2Observed
    1915-05 – Ongoing
  54. 1913VEI 2Observed
    1913-05-10 – 1913-12
  55. 1903VEI 2Observed
    1903-11-28 – 1904-01
  56. 1902VEI 2Observed
    1902-02-16 – 1902-02-27
  57. 1897VEI 2Observed
    1897-04 – Ongoing
  58. 1896VEI 2Observed
    1896-08 – Ongoing
  59. 1890VEI 2Observed
    1890-07 – 1890-09-15
  60. 1885VEI 2Observed
    1885-06-21 – 1885-06-22
  61. 1881VEI ?Observed
    1881 – Ongoing
  62. 1864VEI 2Observed
    1864-07-02 – 1864-12
  63. 1860VEI 2Observed
    1860-09 – Ongoing
  64. 1859VEI 2Observed
    1859-12-14 – Ongoing
  65. 1849VEI ?Observed
    1849-12-01 – Ongoing
  66. 1838VEI 2Observed
    1838 – Ongoing
  67. 1817VEI 4Observed
    1817-01-16 – 1817-02-10
  68. 1815VEI 2Observed
    1815-12-31 – Ongoing
  69. 1812VEI 2Observed
    1812 – 1814
  70. 1804 (±4 yrs)VEI 2Observed
    1804 – Ongoing
  71. 1793 (±6 yrs)VEI 2Observed
    1793 – Ongoing
  72. 1730VEI 3Observed
    1730 – Ongoing
  73. 1638VEI 4Observed
    1638 – Ongoing
  74. 1597VEI 3Observed
    1597-01-17 – 1597-02-02
  75. 1593VEI 5Observed
    1593 – Ongoing
  76. 1586VEI 3Geological estimate
    1586 – Ongoing

External links

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