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Mount Gamkonora

Gamkonora

Stratovolcano · Indonesia · 1635m

Gamkonora volcano, seen here from the NW coast near Gamsungi village, is one of Halmahera's more active volcanoes. The summit crater of Gamkonora is elongated in a N-S direction, with a small crater lake at the north end. The first two historical eruptions, in 1564 or 1565, and in 1693, were the most severe, producing respectively a destructive lava flow that reached the sea, and a tsunami that inundated villages.
Gamkonora volcano, seen here from the NW coast near Gamsungi village, is one of Halmahera's more active volcanoes. The summit crater of Gamkonora is elongated in a N-S direction, with a small crater lake at the north end. The first two historical eruptions, in 1564 or 1565, and in 1693, were the most severe, producing respectively a destructive lava flow that reached the sea, and a tsunami that inundated villages. · Photo: Photo by A. Solihin, 1984 (Volcanological Survey of Indonesia). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Indonesia
Region
Western Pacific / Halmahera Volcanic Arc
Elevation
1635m
Coordinates
1.380, 127.530
Last eruption
2007
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Geological summary

The shifting of eruption centers on Gamkonora, the highest peak of Halmahera, has produced an elongated series of summit craters along a N-S trending rift. Youthful-looking lava flows originate near the cones of Gunung Alon and Popolojo, south of Gamkonora. Since its first recorded eruption in the 16th century, typical activity has been small-to-moderate explosive eruptions. Its largest recorded eruption, in 1673, was accompanied by tsunamis that inundated villages.

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
1564~1609 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 31654~1699 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 51878~1923 · 3 eruptions · max VEI 21923~1968 · 5 eruptions · max VEI 21968~2013 · 4 eruptions · max VEI 215641654178918781968

Detailed timeline

  1. 2013VEI 1Observed
    2013-01-23 – 2013-05-27
  2. 2007VEI 2Observed
    2007-07-08 – 2007-07-16
  3. 1987VEI 1Observed
    1987-04-13 – 1987-04-26
  4. 1981VEI 1Observed
    1981-03-04 – 1981-07-25
  5. 1952VEI 2Observed
    1952-07-16 – 1952-09-05
  6. 1951VEI 2Observed
    1951-07-02 – Ongoing
  7. 1950VEI 2Observed
    1950-10-16 – Ongoing
  8. 1949VEI 2Observed
    1949-07-02 – Ongoing
  9. 1926VEI 1Observed
    1926-06-16 – Ongoing
  10. 1917VEI 2Observed
    1917-10-18 – 1917-10-18
  11. 1911VEI 2Observed
    1911-07-02 – Ongoing
  12. 1885 (±5 yrs)VEI 2Observed
    1885-07-02 – Ongoing
  13. 1673VEI 5Observed
    1673-05-20 – Ongoing
  14. 1564VEI 3Observed
    1564-12-31 – Ongoing

External links

⚠ For reference only. Not for emergency response.