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Miyakejima

Stratovolcano · Japan · 775m

The craters in the foreground and the lava flow to the right erupted in 1983 from vents on the SW flank of Miyakejima. The 8-km-wide island rises about 1.1 km from the sea floor in the northern Izu Islands, about 200 km SSW of Tokyo. The summit cone of Oyama (upper right) lies within a caldera that formed about 3,000 years ago. Frequent eruptions have occurred since 1085 CE at vents ranging from the summit to below sea level.
The craters in the foreground and the lava flow to the right erupted in 1983 from vents on the SW flank of Miyakejima. The 8-km-wide island rises about 1.1 km from the sea floor in the northern Izu Islands, about 200 km SSW of Tokyo. The summit cone of Oyama (upper right) lies within a caldera that formed about 3,000 years ago. Frequent eruptions have occurred since 1085 CE at vents ranging from the summit to below sea level. · Photo: Photo by Ichio Moriya (Kanazawa University). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Japan
Region
Northwestern Pacific Volcanic Regions / Izu Volcanic Arc
Elevation
775m
Coordinates
34.094, 139.526
Last eruption
2010
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Geological summary

The circular, 8-km-wide island of Miyakejima forms a low-angle stratovolcano that rises about 1,100 m from the sea floor in the northern Izu Islands about 200 km SSW of Tokyo. The basaltic volcano is truncated by small summit calderas, one of which, 3.5 km wide, was formed during a major eruption about 2,500 years ago. Numerous craters and vents, including maars near the coast and radially oriented fissure vents, are present on the flanks. Frequent eruptions have been recorded since 1085 CE at vents ranging from the summit to below sea level, causing much damage on this small populated island. After a three-century-long hiatus ending in 1469 CE, activity has been dominated by flank fissure eruptions sometimes accompanied by minor summit eruptions. A 1.6-km-wide summit crater was slowly formed by subsidence during an eruption in 2000.

From Wikipedia

Miyake-jima is a volcanic island in the Izu archipelago in the Philippine Sea approximately 180 kilometers (110 mi) southeast of Tokyo, Japan. As with the other islands in the Izu Island group, Miyake-jima forms part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
6450 BCE~6168 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 43066 BCE~2784 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 42220 BCE~1938 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 31938 BCE~1656 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 31656 BCE~1374 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1374 BCE~1092 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 31092 BCE~810 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 4810 BCE~528 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 3246 BCE~36 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 336~318 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 4318~600 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 3600~882 · 3 eruptions · max VEI 4882~1164 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 31446~1728 · 6 eruptions · max VEI 31728~2010 · 17 eruptions · max VEI 46450 BCE4476 BCE2220 BCE246 BCE1728

Detailed timeline

  1. 2010VEI 1Observed
    2010-04-10 – 2010-07-21
    Summit crater
  2. 2009VEI 1Observed
    2009-04-01 – 2009-04-01
  3. 2008VEI 1Observed
    2008-01-07 – 2008-01-07
  4. 2008VEI 1Observed
    2008-05-08 – 2008-05-08
  5. 2006VEI 1Observed
    2006-02-17 – 2006-02-17
  6. 2006VEI 1Observed
    2006-08-23 – 2006-08-23
  7. 2005VEI 1Observed
    2005-04-12 – 2005-05-18
  8. 2004VEI 1Observed
    2004-11-30 – 2004-12-09
  9. 2001VEI 2Observed
    2001-01-11 – 2002-11-24
  10. 2000VEI 3Observed
    2000-06-27 – 2000-09-28
    Summit and submarine western flank
  11. 1983VEI 3Observed
    1983-10-03 – 1983-10-04
    SW flank (4.5 km long NE-SW fissure)
  12. 1962VEI 2Observed
    1962-08-24 – 1962-08-27
    NE flank
  13. 1940VEI 3Observed
    1940-07-12 – 1940-08-05
    Oyama, NE flank
  14. 1874VEI 3Observed
    1874-07-03 – 1874-07-17
    NNE flank (560 m)
  15. 1835VEI 2Observed
    1835-11-11 – Ongoing
    West flank (east and SE of Ako)
  16. 1811VEI 2Observed
    1811-01-27 – 1811-01-28
    Summit and NE flank?
  17. 1763VEI 4Observed
    1763-08-17 – 1769
    Oyama, SSW flank (Shinmio maar)
  18. 1712VEI 3Observed
    1712-02-04 – 1714
    SW flank (Kuwanoki-daira)
  19. 1709VEI ?Geological estimate
    1709-04-23 – Ongoing
  20. 1643VEI 3Observed
    1643-03-31 – 1643-04
    SW flank (SE of Ako, Kuwanoki-daira?)
  21. 1595VEI 2Observed
    1595-11-22 – Ongoing
    SE flank
  22. 1535VEI 2Observed
    1535-03 – Ongoing
    SE flank
  23. 1469VEI 3Observed
    1469-12-24 – Ongoing
    Oyama
  24. 1154VEI 3Observed
    1154-11 – Ongoing
    NE flank?
  25. 1085VEI 2Observed
    1085 – Ongoing
  26. 850VEI 4Observed
    850 – Ongoing
    Oyama and East flank (Mi-ike maar)
  27. 832VEI 3Observed
    832-06-23 – Ongoing
  28. 750 (±50 yrs)VEI 3Geological estimate
    750 – Ongoing
    NE flank
  29. 500 (±50 yrs)VEI 3Geological estimate
    500 – Ongoing
    Daihannya-yama
  30. 320 (±500 yrs)VEI 3Geological estimate
    320 – Ongoing
    Sabigahama
  31. 260 (±500 yrs)VEI 4Geological estimate
    260 – Ongoing
  32. 50 BCE (±50 yrs)VEI 3Geological estimate
    BCE 50 – Ongoing
    Taira-yama
  33. 600 BCE (±500 yrs)VEI 3Geological estimate
    BCE 600 – Ongoing
  34. 950 BCE (±200 yrs)VEI 4Geological estimate
    BCE 950 – Ongoing
    Hatchodaira caldera, S flank (Furumio maar)
  35. 1250 BCEVEI 3Geological estimate
    BCE 1250 – Ongoing
  36. 1450 BCE (±500 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 1450 – Ongoing
    NW flank (NGS scoria layer)
  37. 1800 BCE (±50 yrs)VEI 3Geological estimate
    BCE 1800 – Ongoing
    South flank (Mizutamari maar)
  38. 2000 BCE (±100 yrs)VEI 3Geological estimate
    BCE 2000 – Ongoing
  39. 2900 BCE (±500 yrs)VEI 4Geological estimate
    BCE 2900 – Ongoing
  40. 6450 BCE (±500 yrs)VEI 4Geological estimate
    BCE 6450 – Ongoing
    NW flank

External links

⚠ For reference only. Not for emergency response.