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Lake Shikotsu

Shikotsu

Caldera · Japan · 1320m

Tarumai volcano was constructed on the SE rim of the 13 x 15 km Shikotsu caldera. The summit has a small 1.5-km-wide caldera that formed during eruptions in 1667 and 1739 CE. It contains a flat-topped summit lava dome that was extruded in 1909. Two other Holocene post-caldera volcanoes occur at Shikotsu, Fuppushi (adjacent to Tarumai) and Eniwa, on the opposite side of the caldera.
Tarumai volcano was constructed on the SE rim of the 13 x 15 km Shikotsu caldera. The summit has a small 1.5-km-wide caldera that formed during eruptions in 1667 and 1739 CE. It contains a flat-topped summit lava dome that was extruded in 1909. Two other Holocene post-caldera volcanoes occur at Shikotsu, Fuppushi (adjacent to Tarumai) and Eniwa, on the opposite side of the caldera. · Photo: Photo by Ichio Moriya (Kanazawa University). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Caldera
Country
Japan
Region
Northwestern Pacific Volcanic Regions / Northeast Japan Volcanic Arc
Elevation
1320m
Coordinates
42.688, 141.380
Last eruption
1981
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Caldera
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Geological summary

The 13 x 15 km Shikotsu caldera, largely filled by the waters of Lake Shikotsu, was formed during one of Hokkaido's largest Quaternary eruptions about 31-34,000 years ago. The small andesitic Tarumaesan stratovolcano was then constructed on its SE rim and has been frequently active in historical time. Pyroclastic-flow deposits from Tarumaesan extend nearly to the Pacific coast. Two other Holocene post-caldera volcanoes, Fuppushidake (adjacent to Tarumaesan) and Eniwadake (on the opposite side of the caldera), occur on a line trending NW from Tarumaesan, and were constructed just inside the caldera rim. Minor eruptions took place from the summit of Eniwadake as late as the 17th century. The summit of Tarumaesan contains a small 1.5-km-wide caldera formed during two of Hokkaido's largest historical eruptions, in 1667 and 1739. Tarumaesan is now capped by a flat-topped summit lava dome that formed in 1909.

From Wikipedia

Lake Shikotsu is a caldera lake in Chitose, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is a part of the Shikotsu-Toya National Park.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
6950 BCE~6652 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 5698 BCE~401 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 5103 BCE~195 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 31386~1683 · 3 eruptions · max VEI 51683~1981 · 36 eruptions · max VEI 56950 BCE4866 BCE2484 BCE401 BCE1683

Detailed timeline

  1. 1981VEI 1Observed
    1981-02-27 – 1981-02-27
    Tarumai
  2. 1978VEI 1Observed
    1978-05-14 – 1978-05-17
    Tarumai (SE foot of summit dome)
  3. 1978VEI 1Observed
    1978-12-12 – 1979-05-11
    Tarumai (SE foot of summit dome)
  4. 1954VEI 1Observed
    1954-05-02 – 1954-05-02
    Tarumai
  5. 1954VEI 1Observed
    1954-11-19 – 1955-02-14
    Tarumai
  6. 1953VEI 1Observed
    1953-09-14 – 1953-09-14
    Tarumai
  7. 1951VEI 2Observed
    1951-01-29 – 1951-01-29
    Tarumai
  8. 1951VEI 2Observed
    1951-07-28 – 1951-07-28
    Tarumai
  9. 1947VEI 1Observed
    1947-10-15 – 1947-10-15
    Tarumai
  10. 1944VEI 1Observed
    1944-07-02 – 1944-07-02
    Tarumai
  11. 1936VEI 1Observed
    1936-04-19 – 1936-04-19
    Tarumai
  12. 1936VEI 1Observed
    1936-11-15 – 1936-11-26
    Tarumai
  13. 1933VEI 2Observed
    1933-12-01 – 1933-12-14
    Tarumai (east-west summit fissure)
  14. 1931VEI 1Observed
    1931-10-11 – 1931-10-24
    Tarumai
  15. 1928VEI 2Observed
    1928-01-07 – 1928-01-07
    Tarumai
  16. 1928VEI 1Observed
    1928-09-06 – 1929-02-10
    Tarumai
  17. 1926VEI 2Observed
    1926-10-19 – 1926-10-30
    Tarumai
  18. 1923VEI 1Observed
    1923-02 – 1923-08-23
    Tarumai
  19. 1921VEI 1Observed
    1921-07-06 – 1921-07-06
    Tarumai
  20. 1920VEI 1Observed
    1920-07-17 – 1920-07-23
    Tarumai
  21. 1919VEI 2Observed
    1919-05-04 – 1919-05-04
    Tarumai
  22. 1918VEI 1Observed
    1918-06-13 – 1918-07-31
    Tarumai
  23. 1917VEI 2Observed
    1917-04-30 – 1917-05-12
    Tarumai (east-west summit fissure)
  24. 1909VEI 3Observed
    1909-01-11 – 1909-04-22
    Tarumai
  25. 1894VEI 2Observed
    1894-02-08 – 1894-02-08
    Tarumai
  26. 1894VEI 2Observed
    1894-08-17 – 1894-08-17
    Tarumai
  27. 1887VEI 2Observed
    1887-09-03 – 1887-10-08
    Tarumai
  28. 1886VEI 2Observed
    1886-04-13 – 1886-04-28
    Tarumai
  29. 1885VEI 2Observed
    1885-01-04 – 1885-03-26
    Tarumai
  30. 1883VEI 2Observed
    1883-10-07 – 1883-11-05
    Tarumai
  31. 1874VEI 3Observed
    1874-02-08 – 1874-02-16
    Tarumai
  32. 1871VEI 2Geological estimate
    1871-12-25 – 1871-12-28
    Tarumai
  33. 1867VEI 2Observed
    1867-09-08 – Ongoing
    Tarumai
  34. 1804VEI 3Observed
    1804 – 1817
    Tarumai
  35. 1739VEI 5Observed
    1739-08-19 – 1739-08-31
    Tarumai
  36. 1707 (±30 yrs)VEI 2Geological estimate
    1707 – Ongoing
    Eniwa (crater 3)
  37. 1667VEI 5Observed
    1667-09-23 – 1667-09-26
    Tarumai
  38. 1550 (±75 yrs)VEI 2Geological estimate
    1550 – Ongoing
    Eniwa (crater 2)
  39. 1500 (±150 yrs)VEI 2Geological estimate
    1500 – Ongoing
    Eniwa (crater 1)
  40. 50 BCEVEI 3Geological estimate
    BCE 50 – Ongoing
    Tarumai
  41. 100 BCE (±100 yrs)VEI 2Geological estimate
    BCE 100 – Ongoing
    Eniwa volcano (east side of summit)
  42. 550 BCEVEI 5Geological estimate
    BCE 550 – Ongoing
    Tarumai
  43. 6950 BCEVEI 5Geological estimate
    BCE 6950 – Ongoing
    Tarumai

External links

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