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Klyuchevskaya Sopka

Klyuchevskoy

Stratovolcano · Russia · 4754m

Klyuchevskoy has produced many small to moderate-volume explosive and effusive eruptions without major periods of inactivity. More than 100 flank eruptions have occurred during the past roughly 3,000 years, with most craters and cones occurring on the NE (seen here) and SE flanks, at elevations of 500-3,600 m.
Klyuchevskoy has produced many small to moderate-volume explosive and effusive eruptions without major periods of inactivity. More than 100 flank eruptions have occurred during the past roughly 3,000 years, with most craters and cones occurring on the NE (seen here) and SE flanks, at elevations of 500-3,600 m. · Photo: Photo by E.Y. Zhdanova (courtesy of Oleg Volynets, Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Russia
Region
Northwestern Pacific Volcanic Regions / Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc
Elevation
4754m
Coordinates
56.056, 160.642
Last eruption
2025
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Geological summary

Klyuchevskoy is the highest and most active volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula. Since its origin about 6,000 years ago, this symmetrical, basaltic stratovolcano has produced frequent moderate-volume explosive and effusive eruptions without major periods of inactivity. It rises above a saddle NE of Kamen volcano and lies SE of the broad Ushkovsky massif. More than 100 flank eruptions have occurred during approximately the past 3,000 years, with most lateral craters and cones occurring along radial fissures between the unconfined NE-to-SE flanks of the conical volcano between 500 and 3,600 m elevation. Eruptions recorded since the late 17th century have resulted in frequent changes to the morphology of the 700-m-wide summit crater. These eruptions over the past 400 years have originated primarily from the summit crater, but have also included numerous major explosive and effusive eruptions from flank craters.

From Wikipedia

Klyuchevskaya Sopka is an active stratovolcano, the highest mountain of Siberia and the highest active volcano of Eurasia. Its steep, symmetrical cone rises roughly 100 kilometres (60 mi) inland from the Bering Sea. The volcano is part of the Volcanoes of Kamchatka UNESCO World Heritage Site. Klyuchevskaya Sopka is ranked 15th in the world by topographic isolation.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
3950 BCE~3751 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1162 BCE~962 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?432~631 · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1627~1826 · 20 eruptions · max VEI 31826~2025 · 90 eruptions · max VEI 43950 BCE2556 BCE962 BCE4321826

Detailed timeline

  1. 2025VEI ?Observed
    2025-04-08 – 2025-08-16
  2. 2023VEI 3Observed
    2023-06-22 – 2023-12-31
  3. 2022VEI 1Observed
    2022-11-17 – 2022-11-25
  4. 2019VEI 2Observed
    2019-04-09 – 2021-03-20
  5. 2015VEI 3Observed
    2015-08-28 – 2018-07-14
    Summit crater
  6. 2015VEI 2Observed
    2015-01-01 – 2015-05-10
    Summit crater and multiple flanks
  7. 2013VEI 3Observed
    2013-08-15 – 2013-12-20
    Summit crater and multiple flanks
  8. 2012VEI 1Observed
    2012-09-01 – 2013-01-28
    Summit crater?
  9. 2011VEI 2Observed
    2011-03-30 – 2011-07-03
    Summit crater?
  10. 2011VEI ?Observed
    2011-11-02 – 2011-11-02
  11. 2009VEI 2Observed
    2009-08-01 – 2010-12-20
  12. 2008VEI 1Observed
    2008-10-08 – 2009-04-16
  13. 2007VEI 2Observed
    2007-02-15 – 2007-07-15
  14. 2005VEI 2Observed
    2005-01-20 – 2005-04-07
  15. 2004VEI 1Observed
    2004-09-15 – 2004-09-15
  16. 2002VEI 2Observed
    2002-04-09 – 2002-06-09
  17. 2002VEI 2Observed
    2002-11-24 – 2004-04-08
  18. 2000VEI 2Observed
    2000-02-03 – 2000-02-08
  19. 2000VEI 2Observed
    2000-07-28 – 2000-09-22
  20. 1999VEI 2Observed
    1999-02-05 – 1999-07-12
  21. 1998VEI 2Observed
    1998-07-23 – 1998-09-02
  22. 1997VEI 1Observed
    1997-09-07 – 1997-09-26
  23. 1996VEI 2Observed
    1996-11-14 – 1997-03-20
  24. 1994VEI 3Observed
    1994-09-08 – 1995-01-14
  25. 1992VEI 2Observed
    1992-01-25 – 1992-05-25
  26. 1992VEI 2Observed
    1992-09-12 – 1993-09-12
  27. 1991VEI 2Observed
    1991-04-08 – 1991-06-24
  28. 1986VEI 2Observed
    1986-06-08 – 1986-07-11
  29. 1986VEI 4Observed
    1986-11-27 – 1990-09-16
    Summit, SE, SW, NE and east flanks
  30. 1985VEI 3Observed
    1985-08-16 – 1986-01-21
    Summit and NW flank (3100 m)
  31. 1984VEI 3Observed
    1984-03-10 – 1985-01-28
  32. 1982VEI 1Observed
    1982-03-24 – 1982-05-02
  33. 1982VEI 2Observed
    1982-10-07 – 1983-06-27
    Summit and east flank (2875 m)
  34. 1981VEI 1Observed
    1981-01-25 – 1981-08-04
  35. 1981VEI ?Geological estimate
    1981-12-21 – Ongoing
  36. 1977VEI 3Observed
    1977-08-02 – 1980-03-12
    Summit, NE flank (1700 m)
  37. 1974VEI 3Observed
    1974-04-08 – 1974-12-16
    Summit and SW flank (3400-3600 m)
  38. 1971VEI 1Observed
    1971-06-16 – 1971-07-16
  39. 1971VEI 1Observed
    1971-11-16 – 1973-12-16
  40. 1970VEI 2Observed
    1970-05-26 – 1970-12-27
  41. 1969VEI 2Observed
    1969-09-16 – 1969-12-16
  42. 1968VEI 3Observed
    1968-07-03 – 1968-07-03
  43. 1967VEI 1Observed
    1967-07-02 – Ongoing
  44. 1965VEI 3Observed
    1965-08-16 – 1966-12-26
    Summit, NE flank (Piip Crater)
  45. 1963VEI 1Observed
    1963-11-13 – 1964-12-16
  46. 1960VEI 3Observed
    1960-12-16 – 1963-03-22
  47. 1959VEI 1Observed
    1959-01-03 – Ongoing
  48. 1958VEI 1Observed
    1958-05-18 – 1958-08-18
    East part of summit crater
  49. 1957VEI 1Observed
    1957-07-02 – Ongoing
  50. 1956VEI 2Observed
    1956-01-16 – 1956-08-02
    Summit and SE flank (1500 m)
  51. 1954VEI 2Observed
    1954-05-28 – 1954-09-16
  52. 1953VEI 2Observed
    1953-06-07 – 1953-06-25
    Summit, NE flank (Belyankin Crater)
  53. 1951VEI 2Observed
    1951-11-19 – 1951-11-30
    Summit, NE flank (Bylinkina, 950 m)
  54. 1949VEI 2Observed
    1949-05 – Ongoing
  55. 1948VEI 2Observed
    1948-08 – Ongoing
  56. 1946VEI 2Observed
    1946-10-23 – 1946-11-22
    SE flank (Apakhonchich, ca. 1600 m)
  57. 1945VEI 3Observed
    1945-06-19 – 1945-07-07
    SE flank (Yubileinoye, 1000-1450 m)
  58. 1944VEI 3Observed
    1944-12-09 – 1945-01-20
  59. 1937VEI 3Observed
    1937-04-03 – 1939-03
    Summit, east flank (Bilyukai)
  60. 1935VEI 3Observed
    1935-04-21 – 1936-11-04
  61. 1932VEI 2Observed
    1932-01-25 – 1932-12-26
    NE flank (Kirgurich, Tuyla, Biokos)
  62. 1931VEI 4Observed
    1931-03-25 – 1931-03-27
  63. 1931VEI 2Observed
    1931-08 – 1931-09
  64. 1929VEI 2Observed
    1929-06 – 1929-09
  65. 1926VEI 2Observed
    1926-03-23 – 1926-04-07
  66. 1925VEI 2Observed
    1925-04-04 – 1925-10-10
  67. 1923VEI 2Observed
    1923-08 – 1923-09
  68. 1922VEI 2Observed
    1922-05 – Ongoing
  69. 1915VEI 2Observed
    1915-01 – Ongoing
  70. 1913VEI 2Observed
    1913-01 – Ongoing
  71. 1911VEI 2Observed
    1911-11 – Ongoing
  72. 1910VEI 2Observed
    1910-08 – Ongoing
  73. 1909VEI 2Observed
    1909-06 – Ongoing
  74. 1907VEI 2Observed
    1907-08 – Ongoing
    Summit and east flank
  75. 1904VEI 2Observed
    1904-01-31 – 1904-06-14
  76. 1898VEI 2Observed
    1898-02-20 – Ongoing
  77. 1896VEI 2Observed
    1896-12 – 1897-11
  78. 1890VEI 2Observed
    1890-04 – Ongoing
  79. 1883VEI 2Observed
    1883-07 – 1883-08
  80. 1882VEI 2Observed
    1882-09 – Ongoing
  81. 1879VEI 2Observed
    1879 – Ongoing
  82. 1878VEI 2Observed
    1878-09 – Ongoing
  83. 1877VEI 2Observed
    1877 – Ongoing
  84. 1865VEI 2Observed
    1865-09 – Ongoing
  85. 1853VEI 2Observed
    1853-10 – 1854-02-17
  86. 1852VEI 2Observed
    1852-02 – 1852-03
  87. 1852VEI 2Observed
    1852-08 – Ongoing
  88. 1848VEI 2Observed
    1848 – Ongoing
  89. 1840VEI 2Observed
    1840 – Ongoing
  90. 1829VEI 4Observed
    1829-09-09 – Ongoing
  91. 1819VEI 2Observed
    1819 – 1822
  92. 1813VEI 2Observed
    1813-02 – Ongoing
  93. 1812VEI 2Observed
    1812-09 – Ongoing
  94. 1807VEI 2Observed
    1807-02-01 – Ongoing
  95. 1791VEI 2Observed
    1791-04 – Ongoing
  96. 1791VEI 2Observed
    1791-08 – Ongoing
  97. 1789VEI 2Observed
    1789-12-01 – 1790-02
  98. 1788VEI 2Observed
    1788-02 – Ongoing
  99. 1788VEI 2Observed
    1788-08 – Ongoing
  100. 1787VEI 2Observed
    1787-09 – Ongoing
  101. 1785VEI 2Observed
    1785-11 – Ongoing
  102. 1772VEI 2Observed
    1772 – Ongoing
  103. 1770VEI 2Observed
    1770-05 – Ongoing
  104. 1767VEI 2Observed
    1767 – Ongoing
  105. 1762VEI 2Observed
    1762 – Ongoing
  106. 1740VEI ?Observed
    1740 – Ongoing
  107. 1737VEI 2Observed
    1737-09-25 – 1737-11-04
  108. 1727VEI 2Observed
    1727 – 1731
  109. 1720VEI 2Observed
    1720 – 1721
  110. 1697VEI 3Observed
    1697 – 1698
  111. 550VEI ?Geological estimate
    550 – Ongoing
  112. 1050 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 1050 – Ongoing
  113. 3950 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 3950 – Ongoing

External links

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