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Newberry Volcano

Newberry

Shield volcano · United States · 2434m

Newberry volcano, one of the largest Quaternary volcanoes in the conterminous United States, lies 60 km E of the crest of the Cascade Range in central Oregon. The shield volcano contains a 5 x 7 km caldera with two lakes, Paulina Lake (left) and East Lake (right). Newberry has been active during the Holocene at vents within the caldera that have produced pumice cones and obsidian lava flows (like Obsidian flow to the lower right), and outside the caldera forming scoria cones on its broad flanks.
Newberry volcano, one of the largest Quaternary volcanoes in the conterminous United States, lies 60 km E of the crest of the Cascade Range in central Oregon. The shield volcano contains a 5 x 7 km caldera with two lakes, Paulina Lake (left) and East Lake (right). Newberry has been active during the Holocene at vents within the caldera that have produced pumice cones and obsidian lava flows (like Obsidian flow to the lower right), and outside the caldera forming scoria cones on its broad flanks. · Photo: Photo by Lee Siebert, 2002 (Smithsonian Institution). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Shield volcano
Country
United States
Region
North America Volcanic Regions / High Cascades Volcanic Arc
Elevation
2434m
Coordinates
43.722, -121.229
Last eruption
690
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Shield
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Geological summary

Newberry volcano, situated east of the Cascade Range, covers an area of about 1,600 km2. The low-angle basaltic to basaltic andesite shield volcano includes more than 400 cinder cones, but has also produced major silicic eruptions associated with formation of a 6 x 8 km summit caldera containing two lakes. The earliest eruptive products (less than 0.73 Ma) consist of a sequence of ash-flow and airfall tuffs. Caldera collapse is thought to be associated with major ash deposits from about 0.5 and 0.3-0.5 Ma. These eruptions were preceded by the emplacement of numerous mafic cones and vents, and silicic lava domes and flows, many of which are aligned NNW and NNE parallel to regional fault zones. Six major eruptions from the early Holocene to about 1,300 years ago have included both basaltic lava flows from flank vents, the explosive ejection of rhyolitic pumice and pyroclastic flows, and the extrusion of obsidian flows within the caldera.

From Wikipedia

Newberry Volcano is a large, active, shield-shaped stratovolcano located about 20 miles (32 km) south of Bend, Oregon, United States, 35 miles (56 km) east of the major crest of the Cascade Range, within the Newberry National Volcanic Monument. Its highest point is Paulina Peak. Newberry is the largest volcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc, with an area of 1,200 square miles (3,100 km2) when its lava flows are taken into account. From north to south, the volcano has a length of 75 miles (121 km), with a width of 27 miles (43 km) and a total volume of approximately 120 cubic miles (500 km3). It was named for the geologist and surgeon John Strong Newberry, who explored central Oregon for the Pacific Railroad Surveys in 1855.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
9210 BCE~8880 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?5580 BCE~5250 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 05250 BCE~4920 BCE · 2 eruptions · max VEI 34920 BCE~4590 BCE · 3 eruptions · max VEI 04590 BCE~4260 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1620 BCE~1290 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?360~690 · 2 eruptions · max VEI 49210 BCE6900 BCE4260 BCE1950 BCE360

Detailed timeline

  1. 690 (±100 yrs)VEI 4Geological estimate
    690 – Ongoing
    S caldera wall
  2. 490 (±100 yrs)VEI 4Geological estimate
    490 – Ongoing
    South caldera wall
  3. 1450 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 1450 – Ongoing
    South of East Lake
  4. 4450 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 4450 – Ongoing
    Center, N & S caldera, upper SE flank
  5. 4690 BCE (±150 yrs)VEI 0Geological estimate
    BCE 4690 – Ongoing
    NW rift zone
  6. 4770 BCE (±75 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 4770 – Ongoing
    NW rift zone (Sugarpine Butte)
  7. 4860 BCE (±150 yrs)VEI 0Geological estimate
    BCE 4860 – Ongoing
    NW rift zone
  8. 4960 BCE (±100 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 4960 – Ongoing
    East Lake fissure, south flank
  9. 5070 BCE (±150 yrs)VEI 3Geological estimate
    BCE 5070 – Ongoing
    Lower NW rift zone (Lava Butte)
  10. 5260 BCE (±150 yrs)VEI 0Geological estimate
    BCE 5260 – Ongoing
    NW rift zone (Lava Cast Forest)
  11. 9210 BCE (±1200 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 9210 – Ongoing
    South and east caldera rim

External links

⚠ For reference only. Not for emergency response.