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Cordón Caulle

Puyehue-Cordon Caulle

Stratovolcano · Chile · 2236m

The Puyehue-Cordón Caulle volcanic complex forms the horizon in this view looking north across the Río Gol Gol valley from the Antillanca volcano group. Flat-topped 2236-m-high Puyehue volcano (right) is a late-Pleistocene to Holocene basaltic-to-rhyolitic stratovolcano constructed above a 5-km-wide caldera and capped by a 2.4-km-wide summit caldera. Historical eruptions originally attributed to Puyehue are now known to be from the Cordón Caulle rift zone, the long snow-covered ridge that extends across the photo to the left of Puyehue.
The Puyehue-Cordón Caulle volcanic complex forms the horizon in this view looking north across the Río Gol Gol valley from the Antillanca volcano group. Flat-topped 2236-m-high Puyehue volcano (right) is a late-Pleistocene to Holocene basaltic-to-rhyolitic stratovolcano constructed above a 5-km-wide caldera and capped by a 2.4-km-wide summit caldera. Historical eruptions originally attributed to Puyehue are now known to be from the Cordón Caulle rift zone, the long snow-covered ridge that extends across the photo to the left of Puyehue. · Photo: Photo by Klaus Dorsch, 2001 (University of Munich). · Wikimedia Commons
Type
Stratovolcano
Country
Chile
Region
South America Volcanic Regions / Southern Andean Volcanic Arc
Elevation
2236m
Coordinates
-40.590, -72.117
Last eruption
2012
Tectonic setting
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Landform
Composite
Major rock type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Geological summary

The Puyehue-Cordón Caulle volcanic complex (PCCVC) is a large NW-SE-trending late-Pleistocene to Holocene basaltic-to-rhyolitic transverse volcanic chain SE of Lago Ranco. The 1799-m-high Pleistocene Cordillera Nevada caldera lies at the NW end, separated from Puyehue stratovolcano at the SE end by the Cordón Caulle fissure complex. The Pleistocene Mencheca volcano with Holocene flank cones lies NE of Puyehue. The basaltic-to-rhyolitic Puyehue volcano is the most geochemically diverse of the PCCVC. The flat-topped, 2236-m-high volcano was constructed above a 5-km-wide caldera and is capped by a 2.4-km-wide Holocene summit caldera. Lava flows and domes of mostly rhyolitic composition are found on the E flank. Historical eruptions originally attributed to Puyehue, including major eruptions in 1921-22 and 1960, are now known to be from the Cordón Caulle rift zone. The Cordón Caulle geothermal area, occupying a 6 x 13 km wide volcano-tectonic depression, is the largest active geothermal area of the southern Andes volcanic zone.

From Wikipedia

Puyehue and Cordón Caulle are two coalesced volcanic edifices that form a major mountain massif in Puyehue National Park in the Andes of Ranco Province, in the South of Chile. In volcanology this group is known as the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle Volcanic Complex (PCCVC). Four volcanoes constitute the volcanic group or complex, the Cordillera Nevada caldera, the Pliocene Mencheca volcano, Cordón Caulle fissure vents and the Puyehue stratovolcano.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
5080 BCE~4844 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 54844 BCE~4607 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?4607 BCE~4371 BCE · 2 eruptions · max VEI ?4371 BCE~4135 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?3425 BCE~3189 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1534 BCE~1298 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?1062 BCE~825 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?589 BCE~353 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?116 BCE~120 · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?120~356 · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?356~593 · 1 eruptions · max VEI ?829~1066 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 51066~1302 · 2 eruptions · max VEI ?1538~1775 · 1 eruptions · max VEI 21775~2011 · 10 eruptions · max VEI 55080 BCE3425 BCE1534 BCE1201775

Detailed timeline

  1. 2011VEI 5Observed
    2011-06-04 – 2012-04-21
    Cordón Caulle, N of the 1960 eruption fissure
  2. 1990VEI 1Observed
    1990-07-02 – Ongoing
    Cordón Caulle
  3. 1960VEI 3Observed
    1960-05-24 – 1960-07-30
    Cordón Caulle
  4. 1934VEI 2Observed
    1934-03-06 – Ongoing
    Cordón Caulle
  5. 1929VEI 2Observed
    1929-01-07 – Ongoing
    Cordón Caulle
  6. 1921VEI 3Observed
    1921-12-13 – 1922-02-12
    Cordón Caulle-Cordillera Nevada
  7. 1919VEI 2Observed
    1919 – 1920
    Cordón Caulle
  8. 1914VEI 2Observed
    1914-02-08 – Ongoing
    Cordón Caulle
  9. 1905VEI 2Observed
    1905 – Ongoing
    Cordón Caulle
  10. 1893VEI 2Observed
    1893 – Ongoing
    Cordón Caulle
  11. 1759VEI 2Observed
    1759 – Ongoing
    Cordón Caulle
  12. 1220 (±150 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    1220 – Ongoing
  13. 1140 (±100 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    1140 – Ongoing
  14. 860 (±75 yrs)VEI 5Geological estimate
    860 – Ongoing
    Puyehue
  15. 500 (±100 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    500 – Ongoing
  16. 140 (±300 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    140 – Ongoing
    Puyehue?
  17. 110 (±200 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    110 – Ongoing
  18. 490 BCE (±300 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 490 – Ongoing
  19. 990 BCE (±500 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 990 – Ongoing
  20. 1490 BCE (±150 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 1490 – Ongoing
  21. 3250 BCE (±2400 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 3250 – Ongoing
    Puyehue
  22. 4230 BCE (±200 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 4230 – Ongoing
  23. 4450 BCE (±900 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 4450 – Ongoing
    Puyehue
  24. 4460 BCEVEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 4460 – Ongoing
  25. 4690 BCE (±200 yrs)VEI ?Geological estimate
    BCE 4690 – Ongoing
  26. 5080 BCE (±150 yrs)VEI 5Geological estimate
    BCE 5080 – Ongoing
    Puyehue

External links

⚠ For reference only. Not for emergency response.