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Brennisteinsfjöll

Brennisteinsfjoll

Crater rows · Iceland · 610m

The Brennisteinsfjöll volcanic system, located east of Kleifarvatn lake, consists of a 45-50 km long NE-SW trending fissure swarm, with crater rows and small shield volcanoes. Brennisteinsfjöll is seen here in an aerial view from the south with light-colored lava flows spilling over a 100 m high E-W-trending scarp from vents at least 8 km to the north. The body of water seen bottom left is the Hliðarvatn lake.
The Brennisteinsfjöll volcanic system, located east of Kleifarvatn lake, consists of a 45-50 km long NE-SW trending fissure swarm, with crater rows and small shield volcanoes. Brennisteinsfjöll is seen here in an aerial view from the south with light-colored lava flows spilling over a 100 m high E-W-trending scarp from vents at least 8 km to the north. The body of water seen bottom left is the Hliðarvatn lake. · Photo: Photo by Oddur Sigurdsson, 1983 (Icelandic National Energy Authority).
Type
Crater rows
Country
Iceland
Region
Atlantic Ocean Volcanic Regions / Iceland Neovolcanic Rift Volcanic Province
Elevation
610m
Coordinates
63.933, -21.783
Last eruption
1341
Tectonic setting
Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Landform
Cluster
Major rock type
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Geological summary

The Brennisteinsfjöll volcanic system, located east of Kleifarvatn lake, consists of a series of NE-SW-trending crater rows and small shield volcanoes. Postglacial and historical basaltic lavas cover a wide area. An eruption in 1000 CE was dated by its occurrence at the time of a meeting of the Icelandic outdoor parliament at Thingvellier. The most recent eruption took place in the 14th century.

From Wikipedia

Brennisteinsfjöll is a minor volcanic system, with crater rows and small shield volcanoes on the Reykjanes Peninsula in southwest Iceland.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Read full article →

Eruption history

Summary (VEI over time)
Click a bar to see individual eruptions
9000 BCE~8655 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 02795 BCE~2451 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 01072 BCE~727 BCE · 1 eruptions · max VEI 2652~996 · 3 eruptions · max VEI 2996~1341 · 3 eruptions · max VEI 29000 BCE6587 BCE3829 BCE1417 BCE996

Detailed timeline

  1. 1341 (±1 yrs)VEI 2Observed
    1341 – Ongoing
    Grafeldur (Selvogshraun)
  2. 1200VEI 2Geological estimate
    1200 – Ongoing
    Kongsfell
  3. 1000VEI 0Observed
    1000-06-25 – Ongoing
    Eldborg at Lambafell
  4. 950VEI 2Geological estimate
    950 – Ongoing
    Rjupnadyngjur
  5. 910 (±75 yrs)VEI 2Geological estimate
    910 – Ongoing
    Kista (Breiddalshraun)
  6. 875 (±50 yrs)VEI 2Geological estimate
    875 – Ongoing
    Tvibollar
  7. 1040 BCE (±75 yrs)VEI 2Geological estimate
    BCE 1040 – Ongoing
    Eldborg at Brennisteinsfjöllum
  8. 2660 BCE (±75 yrs)VEI 0Geological estimate
    BCE 2660 – Ongoing
    Leitin
  9. 9000 BCEVEI 0Geological estimate
    BCE 9000 – Ongoing
    Heidin Há

External links

⚠ For reference only. Not for emergency response.