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Caldera Aira

Aira

Caldera · Japan · 1117 m

A plume rises above the Minamidake crater on Sakurajima. Activity at Kitadake, the peak to the right in this view from the SE, ended about 4,850 years ago, after which eruptions took place at Minamidake. Sakurajima is one of Japan's most active volcanoes and is a post-caldera cone in the Aira caldera at the northern half of Kagoshima Bay. Frequent historical eruptions have deposited ash across the bay on Kagoshima, one of Kyushu's largest cities.
A plume rises above the Minamidake crater on Sakurajima. Activity at Kitadake, the peak to the right in this view from the SE, ended about 4,850 years ago, after which eruptions took place at Minamidake. Sakurajima is one of Japan's most active volcanoes and is a post-caldera cone in the Aira caldera at the northern half of Kagoshima Bay. Frequent historical eruptions have deposited ash across the bay on Kagoshima, one of Kyushu's largest cities. · Foto: Copyrighted photo by Shun Nakano (Japanese Quaternary Volcanoes database, RIODB, http://riodb02.ibase.aist.go.jp/strata/VOL_JP/EN/index.htm and Geol Surv Japan, AIST, http://www.gsj.jp/). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Caldera
País
Japan
Región
Western Pacific Volcanic Regions / Ryukyu Volcanic Arc
Altitud
1117 m
Coordenadas
31.577, 130.659
Última erupción
2026
Contexto tectónico
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Forma volcánica
Caldera
Roca principal
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Resumen geológico

The Aira caldera in the northern half of Kagoshima Bay contains the post-caldera Sakurajima volcano, one of Japan's most active. Eruption of the voluminous Ito pyroclastic flow accompanied formation of the 17 x 23 km caldera about 22,000 years ago. The smaller Wakamiko caldera was formed during the early Holocene in the NE corner of the caldera, along with several post-caldera cones. The construction of Sakurajima began about 13,000 years ago on the southern rim and built an island that was joined to the Osumi Peninsula during the major explosive and effusive eruption of 1914. Activity at the Kitadake summit cone ended about 4,850 years ago, after which eruptions took place at Minamidake. Frequent eruptions since the 8th century have deposited ash on the city of Kagoshima, located across Kagoshima Bay only 8 km from the summit. The largest recorded eruption took place during 1471-76.

Resumen de Wikipedia

La caldera Aira es una vasta caldera volcánica que se encuentra en el sur de la isla de Kyūshū, Japón.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Leer artículo completo →

Historial de erupciones

Resumen (VEI en el tiempo)
Haga clic en una barra para ver erupciones individuales
8050 BCE~7714 BCE · 2 erupciones · VEI máx. 66372 BCE~6037 BCE · 2 erupciones · VEI máx. 56037 BCE~5701 BCE · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. ?5701 BCE~5365 BCE · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. ?5030 BCE~4694 BCE · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. ?3352 BCE~3016 BCE · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. 43016 BCE~2681 BCE · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. 42345 BCE~2010 BCE · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. ?1339 BCE~1003 BCE · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. ?668 BCE~332 BCE · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. ?675~1010 · 6 erupciones · VEI máx. 41346~1681 · 6 erupciones · VEI máx. 51681~2017 · 29 erupciones · VEI máx. 48050 BCE5701 BCE3016 BCE668 BCE1681

Línea de tiempo detallada

  1. 2017VEI 2Observado
    2017-03-25 – 2026-03-23
    Minamidake summit crater
  2. 1955VEI 3Observado
    1955-10-13 – 2016-08-22
    Minami-dake and east flank (Showa crater)
  3. 1954VEI 1Estimación geológica
    1954-11-16 – 1954-12-16
    Minami-dake
  4. 1950VEI 1Observado
    1950-06-29 – 1950-09-09
    Minami-dake
  5. 1948VEI 1Observado
    1948-07-27 – 1948-07-27
    East flank of Minami-dake (750 m)
  6. 1946VEI 2Observado
    1946-01 – 1946-11
    East flank of Minami-dake (750 m)
  7. 1942VEI 1Observado
    1942-07-16 – 1942-07-16
    East flank of Minami-dake (750 m)
  8. 1941VEI 2Observado
    1941-04-28 – 1941-08-26
    East flank of Minami-dake (750 m)
  9. 1940VEI 2Observado
    1940-04-24 – 1940-07-09
    Minami-dake and east flank (750 m)
  10. 1939VEI 2Observado
    1939-10-26 – 1939-11-12
    East flank of Minami-dake (750 m)
  11. 1938VEI 2Observado
    1938-02-25 – 1938-03-31
    Minami-dake
  12. 1935VEI 1Observado
    1935-09-20 – 1935-09-24
    Minami-dake
  13. 1914VEI 4Observado
    1914-01-12 – 1915-05
    West, east and SE flanks
  14. 1899VEI 1Estimación geológica
    1899-09-24 – 1899-09-25
    Minami-dake
  15. 1860VEI 1Observado
    1860 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  16. 1799VEI 2Observado
    1799-03-27 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  17. 1797VEI 2Observado
    1797 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  18. 1794VEI 2Observado
    1794 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  19. 1792VEI 2Estimación geológica
    1792 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  20. 1791VEI 2Observado
    1791-09-11 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  21. 1790VEI 2Observado
    1790-07-29 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  22. 1785VEI 2Observado
    1785-11-20 – En curso
  23. 1783VEI 3Observado
    1783-09-03 – En curso
  24. 1782VEI 2Observado
    1782-01-18 – En curso
    NE flank (offshore)
  25. 1779VEI 4Observado
    1779-11-08 – 1781-05
    NE flank, off NE coast, south flank
  26. 1756VEI 2Observado
    1756-09-09 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  27. 1749VEI 2Observado
    1749-09 – En curso
    Minami-dake summit, west flank?
  28. 1742VEI 2Observado
    1742-04-06 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  29. 1706VEI 2Observado
    1706-01 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  30. 1678VEI 2Observado
    1678-03-01 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  31. 1670VEI 2Estimación geológica
    1670-06-01 – En curso
  32. 1642VEI 2Observado
    1642-04-06 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  33. 1478VEI 2Observado
    1478-09-23 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  34. 1471VEI 5Observado
    1471-11-03 – 1476-10-08
    NE and SW flanks, summit crater
  35. 1468VEI 2Observado
    1468 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  36. 778VEI 0Observado
    778 – En curso
  37. 766VEI 3Observado
    766-07-20 – En curso
  38. 764VEI 4Observado
    764-01 – En curso
    East flank (Nabe-yama)
  39. 716VEI 3Observado
    716 – 718
  40. 712VEI 3Estimación geológica
    712 – En curso
  41. 708VEI 3Observado
    708 – En curso
  42. 650 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    BCE 650 – En curso
    Minami-dake
  43. 1050 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    BCE 1050 – En curso
  44. 2050 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    BCE 2050 – En curso
  45. 2900 a. C.VEI 4Estimación geológica
    BCE 2900 – En curso
    Kita-dake
  46. 3050 a. C.VEI 4Estimación geológica
    BCE 3050 – En curso
    Kita-dake
  47. 4800 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    BCE 4800 – En curso
    Kita-dake
  48. 5400 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    BCE 5400 – En curso
    Kita-dake
  49. 5950 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    BCE 5950 – En curso
    Kita-dake
  50. 6050 a. C.VEI 5Estimación geológica
    BCE 6050 – En curso
    Kita-dake
  51. 6350 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    BCE 6350 – En curso
    Kita-dake
  52. 7750 a. C.VEI ?Estimación geológica
    BCE 7750 – En curso
    Kita-dake
  53. 8050 a. C. (±1000 años)VEI 6Estimación geológica
    BCE 8050 – En curso
    Wakamiko Caldera

Enlaces externos

⚠ Solo como referencia. No apto para respuesta ante emergencias.