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La Cumbre

Fernandina

Volcán en escudo · Ecuador · 1476 m

Dust clouds rise from Fernandina caldera on July 4, 1968, about three weeks after a major explosive eruption that was followed by collapse of the caldera floor. Collapse occurred incrementally and asymmetrically, ranging up to about 350 m at the SE end of the caldera, which contains the caldera lake. Fernandina, the most active of Galápagos volcanoes, is a basaltic shield volcano with a deep 4 x 6.5 km summit caldera. Flat-topped benches mark the SE and NW ends of the elliptical caldera.
Dust clouds rise from Fernandina caldera on July 4, 1968, about three weeks after a major explosive eruption that was followed by collapse of the caldera floor. Collapse occurred incrementally and asymmetrically, ranging up to about 350 m at the SE end of the caldera, which contains the caldera lake. Fernandina, the most active of Galápagos volcanoes, is a basaltic shield volcano with a deep 4 x 6.5 km summit caldera. Flat-topped benches mark the SE and NW ends of the elliptical caldera. · Foto: Photo by Tom Simkin, 1968 (Smithsonian Institution). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Volcán en escudo
País
Ecuador
Región
Eastern Pacific Volcanic Regions / Galapagos Hotspot Volcano Group
Altitud
1476 m
Coordenadas
-0.370, -91.550
Última erupción
2024
Contexto tectónico
Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Forma volcánica
Shield
Roca principal
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Resumen geológico

Fernandina, the most active of Galápagos volcanoes and the one closest to the Galápagos mantle plume, is a basaltic shield volcano with a deep 5 x 6.5 km summit caldera. The volcano displays the classic "overturned soup bowl" profile of Galápagos shield volcanoes. Its caldera is elongated in a NW-SE direction and formed during several episodes of collapse. Circumferential fissures surround the caldera and were instrumental in growth of the volcano. Reporting has been poor in this uninhabited western end of the archipelago, and even a 1981 eruption was not witnessed at the time. In 1968 the caldera floor dropped 350 m following a major explosive eruption. Subsequent eruptions, mostly from vents located on or near the caldera boundary faults, have produced lava flows inside the caldera as well as those in 1995 that reached the coast from a SW-flank vent. Collapse of a nearly 1 km3 section of the east caldera wall during an eruption in 1988 produced a debris-avalanche deposit that covered much of the caldera floor and absorbed the caldera lake.

Resumen de Wikipedia

La Cumbre es un volcán en escudo en la Isla Fernandina en las Islas Galápagos, al oeste de Ecuador.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Leer artículo completo →

Historial de erupciones

Resumen (VEI en el tiempo)
Haga clic en una barra para ver erupciones individuales
950~1057 · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. 01057~1165 · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. 01487~1594 · 1 erupciones · VEI máx. 01809~1917 · 7 erupciones · VEI máx. 31917~2024 · 23 erupciones · VEI máx. 49501165148717021917

Línea de tiempo detallada

  1. 2024VEI 1Observado
    2024-03-02 – 2024-05-08
    SE flank
  2. 2020VEI 0Observado
    2020-01-12 – 2020-01-13
  3. 2018VEI 1Observado
    2018-06-16 – 2018-06-21
    Radial fissure on NNE flank
  4. 2017VEI 2Observado
    2017-09-04 – 2017-09-08
    SSW caldera rim and La Cumbre crater
  5. 2009VEI 2Observado
    2009-04-10 – 2009-04-28
    SW flank (400 m)
  6. 2005VEI 2Observado
    2005-05-13 – 2005-05-29
    South caldera rim
  7. 1995VEI 2Observado
    1995-01-25 – 1995-04-08
    SW flank
  8. 1991VEI 2Observado
    1991-04-19 – 1991-04-24
    Base of ESE and NW caldera wall
  9. 1988VEI 2Observado
    1988-09-14 – 1988-09-16
    East caldera wall
  10. 1984VEI 1Observado
    1984-03-30 – En curso
    NW corner of caldera
  11. 1981VEI 0Observado
    1981-08-01 – En curso
    South caldera rim
  12. 1978VEI 2Observado
    1978-08-08 – 1978-08-26
    NW caldera bench
  13. 1977VEI 1Observado
    1977-03-23 – 1977-03-27
    SE caldera bench
  14. 1973VEI 2Observado
    1973-12-09 – 1973-12-16
    ESE caldera wall
  15. 1972VEI 0Observado
    1972-06-04 – En curso
    SE caldera bench
  16. 1968VEI 2Observado
    1968-05-21 – 1968-05-23
    ESE flank (600 m)
  17. 1968VEI 4Observado
    1968-06-11 – 1968-07-04
    West caldera wall
  18. 1961VEI 2Observado
    1961-03-21 – 1961-09-16
    SE flank
  19. 1958VEI 2Observado
    1958-09-16 – 1958-12-30
    SE, SW and west caldera rim
  20. 1937VEI 0Observado
    1937-03 – 1937-04
  21. 1927VEI 0Observado
    1927-12-13 – En curso
    South flank near Punta Mangle
  22. 1926VEI ?Observado
    1926 – En curso
  23. 1917VEI 0Observado
    1917-05-14 – En curso
    Cape Hammond (SW flank)
  24. 1888VEI 1Observado
    1888-04-10 – En curso
  25. 1846VEI 0Observado
    1846-11-06 – 1846-11-24
    East flank
  26. 1825VEI 3Observado
    1825-02-14 – 1825-10
    East summit and SE flank
  27. 1819VEI 2Observado
    1819-05-15 – 1819-05-18
  28. 1817VEI 2Estimación geológica
    1817 – En curso
    Volcano Uncertain: Western Galápagos
  29. 1814VEI 2Observado
    1814-07 – 1814-08
  30. 1813VEI 2Observado
    1813-07-14 – En curso
    South flank
  31. 1550VEI 0Estimación geológica
    1550 – En curso
  32. 1150VEI 0Estimación geológica
    1150 – En curso
  33. 950 (±500 años)VEI 0Estimación geológica
    950 – En curso

Enlaces externos

⚠ Solo como referencia. No apto para respuesta ante emergencias.