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Kartala

Karthala

Gunung api perisai · Union of the Comoros · 2350 m

The greenish ~300-m-diameter Chahalé crater lake in the summit caldera complex of Karthala volcano is seen here in August 2003 before an eruption in April 2005. The photo, taken by an automatic camera located at the summit, looks from the NNE towards the SSW. Karthala is the southernmost and largest of the two shield volcanoes forming Grand Comore Island (also known as Ngazidja Island) and contains a 3 x 4 km summit caldera generated by repeated collapse. It has elongated rift zones extending to the NNW and SE.
The greenish ~300-m-diameter Chahalé crater lake in the summit caldera complex of Karthala volcano is seen here in August 2003 before an eruption in April 2005. The photo, taken by an automatic camera located at the summit, looks from the NNE towards the SSW. Karthala is the southernmost and largest of the two shield volcanoes forming Grand Comore Island (also known as Ngazidja Island) and contains a 3 x 4 km summit caldera generated by repeated collapse. It has elongated rift zones extending to the NNW and SE. · Foto: Photo by Nicolas Villenueve, 2003 (Université de la Réunion). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Gunung api perisai
Negara
Union of the Comoros
Wilayah
Somalian-Antarctic Volcanic Regions / Madagascar-Comoros Volcanic Province
Ketinggian
2350 m
Koordinat
-11.766, 43.364
Letusan terakhir
2007
Kondisi tektonik
Intraplate / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Bentuk lahan
Shield
Batuan utama
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Ringkasan geologi

The southernmost and largest of the two shield volcanoes forming Grand Comore Island (also known as Ngazidja Island), Karthala has two overlapping 3-4 km summit calderas generated by repeated collapse. Elongated rift zones extend NNW and SE from the summit of the basaltic shield, which has an asymmetrical profile that is steeper to the S. The lower SE rift zone forms the Massif du Badjini, a peninsula at the SE tip of the island. More than twenty eruptions have been recorded since the 19th century from the summit caldera and vents on the N and S flanks, producing many lava flows that reached the sea on both sides of the island. An 1860 CE lava flow from the summit caldera traveled ~13 km to the NW, reaching the W coast to the N of the capital city of Moroni.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Ringkasan Inggris

Mount Karthala or Karthola is an active shield volcano and the highest point of the Comoros at 2,361 m (7,746 ft) above sea level. It is the southernmost and larger of the two volcanoes forming Grande Comore island, the largest island in the nation of Comoros. The Karthala volcano is very active, having erupted more than 20 times since the 19th century. Frequent eruptions have shaped the volcano's 3 km by 4 km summit caldera, but the island has largely escaped broad destruction. Eruptions on April 17, 2005 and May 29, 2006 ended a period of quiet.

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Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
1050~1146 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1720~1816 · 2 letusan · VEI maks. ?1816~1911 · 19 letusan · VEI maks. 21911~2007 · 13 letusan · VEI maks. 310501241152917201911

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 2007VEI 2Teramati
    2007-01-12 – 2007-01-15
    Chahalé crater
  2. 2006VEI 0Teramati
    2006-05-28 – 2006-06-03
    Chahalé crater
  3. 2005VEI 2Teramati
    2005-04-16 – 2005-04-18
    Chahalé crater
  4. 2005VEI 3Teramati
    2005-11-24 – 2005-12-08
    Chahalé crater
  5. 1991VEI 2Teramati
    1991-07-11 – 1991-07-11
    Choungou-Chahalé (Choungou-Chamadji)
  6. 1977VEI 1Teramati
    1977-04-05 – 1977-04-10
    SW flank
  7. 1972VEI 1Teramati
    1972-09-08 – 1972-10-05
    North end of summit crater
  8. 1965VEI 2Teramati
    1965-07-12 – 1965-07-12
    Between Changomeni & Chahalé Craters
  9. 1956VEI 2Teramati
    1956-06-01 – Berlangsung
    Chahalé crater
  10. 1952VEI 2Teramati
    1952-02-10 – 1952-02-12
    Chahalé crater
  11. 1948VEI 2Teramati
    1948-04-22 – 1948-06-16
    Cheminee Nord (Changomeni)
  12. 1928 (±2 tahun)VEI 1Teramati
    1928 – Berlangsung
  13. 1918VEI 3Teramati
    1918-08-11 – 1918-08-26
    NE flank, Changomeni, NE Chahalé
  14. 1910VEI 1Teramati
    1910-03 – 1910-03
    North flank (1300 m)
  15. 1904VEI 2Teramati
    1904-02-25 – 1904-04
    North flank (1300 m)
  16. 1883VEI 2Teramati
    1883-03 – 1884
    SE flank
  17. 1880VEI 2Teramati
    1880 – Berlangsung
    SE flank (Badjini Massif)
  18. 1876VEI 0Teramati
    1876 – Berlangsung
    SE flank (Badjini Massif)
  19. 1872VEI 2Teramati
    1872 – Berlangsung
    NW flank (Diboini Plateau)
  20. 1865VEI 2Teramati
    1865 – Berlangsung
  21. 1862VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    1862 – Berlangsung
  22. 1860VEI 0Teramati
    1860-12-29 – Berlangsung
    SE flank (Badjini Massif, 1200 m)
  23. 1859VEI 2Teramati
    1859 – Berlangsung
    NW flank (Diboini Plateau fissures)
  24. 1858VEI 2Teramati
    1858 – Berlangsung
    Upper NE flank (2200 m)
  25. 1857VEI 2Teramati
    1857 – Berlangsung
    SE flank (Badjini Massif) & summit
  26. 1855VEI 2Teramati
    1855-07-01 – Berlangsung
    SE flank
  27. 1850VEI 0Teramati
    1850 – Berlangsung
    West-SW flank (400 m)
  28. 1848VEI 0Teramati
    1848 – Berlangsung
    SE flank
  29. 1833VEI ?Teramati
    1833 – Berlangsung
    Summit caldera ?
  30. 1830VEI 2Teramati
    1830 – Berlangsung
  31. 1828VEI 2Teramati
    1828-05 – Berlangsung
  32. 1821VEI ?Teramati
    1821-12-31 – Berlangsung
  33. 1814VEI ?Teramati
    1814-12-31 – Berlangsung
  34. 1808VEI ?Teramati
    1808 – Berlangsung
  35. 1050 (±150 tahun)VEI ?Teramati
    1050 – Berlangsung

Tautan eksternal

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