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Piton Rouge

Fournaise, Piton de la

Gunung api perisai · France · 2632 m

The massive Piton de la Fournaise on the island of Réunion is one of the world's most active volcanoes. It is seen here in 1977 with a black lava flow descending the outer NE flank to the sea. The unvegetated summit (top left) was constructed within an 8-km-wide caldera that is breached to the sea. Its sloping N rim is marked by the diagonal vegetation line at the left. More than 150 eruptions have occurred since the 17th century, mostly from vents within the caldera.
The massive Piton de la Fournaise on the island of Réunion is one of the world's most active volcanoes. It is seen here in 1977 with a black lava flow descending the outer NE flank to the sea. The unvegetated summit (top left) was constructed within an 8-km-wide caldera that is breached to the sea. Its sloping N rim is marked by the diagonal vegetation line at the left. More than 150 eruptions have occurred since the 17th century, mostly from vents within the caldera. · Foto: Copyrighted photo by Katia and Maurice Krafft, 1977 (published in SEAN Bulletin, 1977). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Gunung api perisai
Negara
France
Wilayah
Somalian-Antarctic Volcanic Regions / Reunion Hotspot Volcano Group
Ketinggian
2632 m
Koordinat
-21.244, 55.708
Letusan terakhir
2026
Kondisi tektonik
Intraplate / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Bentuk lahan
Shield
Batuan utama
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Ringkasan geologi

Piton de la Fournaise is a massive basaltic shield volcano on the French island of Réunion in the western Indian Ocean. Much of its more than 530,000-year history overlapped with eruptions of the deeply dissected Piton des Neiges shield volcano to the NW. Three scarps formed at about 250,000, 65,000, and less than 5,000 years ago by progressive eastward slumping, leaving large embayments open to the E and SE. Numerous pyroclastic cones are present on the floor of the scarps and their outer flanks. Most recorded eruptions have originated from the summit and flanks of Dolomieu, a 400-m-high lava shield that has grown within the youngest scarp, which is about 9 km wide and about 13 km from the western wall to the ocean on the E. More than 150 eruptions, most of which have produced fluid basaltic lava flows, have occurred since the 17th century. Eruptions in 1708, 1774, 1776, 1800, 1977, and 1986 originated from fissures outside the scarps.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Piton de la Fournaise adalah gunung berapi aktif yang terletak di pulau Réunion. Gunung ini memiliki ketinggian 2632 meter. Gunung berapi ini merupakan salah satu yang teraktif saat ini: berdasarkan frekuensi letusan-letusan baru, gunung ini merupakan yang paling aktif; berdasarkan rata-rata volume lava yang dikeluarkan, gunung Kilauea sepuluh kali lebih produktif daripada gunung ini tetapi gunung ini sebanding dengan gunung Etna Semenjak didirikannya Observatorium Vulkanologi Piton de la Fournaise pada tahun 1979, gunung berapi ini juga sering diamati. Akses ke gunung ini relatif mudah dengan adanya Rute Volcan dan Rute Laves.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Baca artikel lengkap →

Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
2795 BCE~2602 BCE · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 51831 BCE~1638 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?98~290 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 0290~483 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 0483~676 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 0869~1062 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 01255~1447 · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 01447~1640 · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 01640~1833 · 51 letusan · VEI maks. 21833~2026 · 142 letusan · VEI maks. 22795 BCE1638 BCE481 BCE6761833

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 2026VEI ?Teramati
    2026-02-13 – 2026-03-31
  2. 2023VEI 0Teramati
    2023-07-02 – 2023-08-10
    N of Piton Vouvoul
  3. 2022VEI 0Teramati
    2022-09-19 – 2022-10-05
  4. 2021VEI 0Teramati
    2021-04-09 – 2021-05-24
    Enclos Fouque caldera, 700 m S of Château Fort
  5. 2021VEI 0Teramati
    2021-12-22 – 2022-01-17
    S flank of Enclos Fouque, SE of Piton Kala Pélé and SW of Château Fort
  6. 2020VEI 0Teramati
    2020-12-07 – 2020-12-08
    WSW flank of Dolomieu cone at elevations between 2,300 and 2,190 m
  7. 2020VEI 0Teramati
    2020-02-10 – 2020-04-06
    E flank of Dolomieu cone between the rim and 2,000 m elevation
  8. 2019VEI 0Teramati
    2019-02-18 – 2019-03-10
    base of E flank of Dolomieu cone, at the foot of Piton Madoré
  9. 2019VEI 0Teramati
    2019-06-11 – 2019-10-27
    SSE flank of Dolomieu cone
  10. 2018VEI 0Teramati
    2018-04-03 – 2018-11-01
    N side of Enclos Fouque, just below the rampart at the Nez Coupé de Sainte Rose
  11. 2017VEI 0Teramati
    2017-01-31 – 2017-02-27
    1 km SE of Château Fort and about 2.5 km ENE of Piton de Bert
  12. 2017VEI 0Teramati
    2017-07-14 – 2017-08-28
    750 m E of the Kala-Pélé peak, 850 m W of Château Fort, and 2.2 km NE of Piton de Bert
  13. 2016VEI 0Teramati
    2016-05-26 – 2016-05-27
    1-1.5 km SE of Castle crater
  14. 2016VEI 0Teramati
    2016-09-11 – 2016-09-18
    N part of l'Enclos Fouqué caldera, between Puy Mi-côte and July 2015 eruption site
  15. 2015VEI 0Teramati
    2015-05-17 – 2015-10-31
    SE of Dolomieu cone, in the Castle crater area
  16. 2015VEI 0Teramati
    2015-02-04 – 2015-02-15
    S flank of Dolomieu cone, W of Bory crater
  17. 2014VEI 0Teramati
    2014-06-21 – 2014-06-21
    ESE flank of Dolomieu crater
  18. 2010VEI 0Teramati
    2010-10-14 – 2010-12-10
    Fissure near Château Fort crater, 1.5 km SE of Dolomieu crater rim
  19. 2009VEI 1Teramati
    2009-11-05 – 2010-01-12
    S part of Dolomieu crater, SE and E flanks of Dolomieu cone
  20. 2008VEI 1Teramati
    2008-09-12 – 2009-02-04
    W wall of Dolomieu crater
  21. 2006VEI 1Teramati
    2006-07-20 – 2007-05-01
    SW and S flanks, Dolomieu cone
  22. 2005VEI 0Teramati
    2005-02-17 – 2005-02-26
    N side of Enclos Fouque, near Nez Coupé de Sainte Rose and Trou de Sable
  23. 2005VEI 0Teramati
    2005-10-04 – 2006-01-18
    W part of Dolomieu crater
  24. 2004VEI 1Teramati
    2004-05-02 – 2004-10-14
    SSW of Bory crater, S flank of Dolomieu, S border of Enclos Fouque
  25. 2003VEI 0Teramati
    2003-05-30 – 2004-01-10
    SW Dolomieu crater
  26. 2002VEI 0Teramati
    2002-01-05 – 2002-01-16
    NE part of l'Enclos Fouqué caldera
  27. 2002VEI 2Teramati
    2002-11-16 – 2002-12-23
    E flank of Dolomieu cone (1850-1540 m)
  28. 2001VEI 0Teramati
    2001-03-27 – 2001-07-07
    ESE flank of Dolomieu cone
  29. 2000VEI 0Teramati
    2000-02-14 – 2000-03-04
    North flank of Dolomieu cone (2490-2250 m)
  30. 2000VEI 1Teramati
    2000-06-23 – 2000-11-13
    SE flank between "Signal de l' Enclose" and "Château Fort" craters
  31. 1999VEI 0Teramati
    1999-07-19 – 1999-10-23
    inside Dolomieu crater, N and E flanks
  32. 1998VEI 1Teramati
    1998-03-09 – 1998-09-21
    N flank of Dolomieu crater
  33. 1992VEI 1Teramati
    1992-08-27 – 1992-09-23
    S rim of Dolomieu crater and upper SE flank
  34. 1991VEI 0Teramati
    1991-07-19 – 1991-07-20
    S edge of Dolomieu crater and upper E flank
  35. 1990VEI 0Teramati
    1990-01-18 – 1990-05-08
    SE Dolomieu crater and upper SE flank
  36. 1987VEI 0Teramati
    1987-06-10 – 1987-07-20
    Dolomieu crater, S and W
  37. 1987VEI 0Teramati
    1987-11-06 – 1988-12-29
    N flank of Dolomieu crater, 1 km N, 1 km NE
  38. 1986VEI 0Teramati
    1986-07-13 – 1986-07-14
    inside the 29 March pit crater, Dolomieu crater, SE
  39. 1986VEI 1Teramati
    1986-11-12 – 1987-02-10
    inside the 29 March pit crater, Dolomieu crater, SE
  40. 1985VEI 1Teramati
    1985-06-14 – 1986-04-05
    SW flank of Dolomieu
  41. 1983VEI 2Teramati
    1983-12-04 – 1984-02-18
    SSW flank of Dolomieu (2110-2300 m)
  42. 1981VEI 2Teramati
    1981-02-03 – 1981-05-05
    Bory, SW, N & NE of Dolomieu
  43. 1979VEI 1Teramati
    1979-05-28 – 1979-07-14
    SE, SW and N flanks, Dolomieu & Bory
  44. 1977VEI 0Teramati
    1977-03-24 – 1977-04-16
    NE and SE of Dolomieu, NE rift zone
  45. 1977VEI 1Teramati
    1977-10-24 – 1977-11-17
    ENE flank (2050-2200 m, 1850-1920 m)
  46. 1976VEI 1Teramati
    1976-11-02 – 1976-11-04
    North of Dolomieu (2250-2330 m)
  47. 1975VEI 1Teramati
    1975-11-04 – 1976-04-06
    Dolomieu and SE flank (1320-2350 m)
  48. 1973VEI 2Teramati
    1973-05-10 – 1973-09-05
    Dolomieu (SSW wall)
  49. 1972VEI 2Teramati
    1972-06-09 – 1973-01-16
    South, ENE, north and SE of Dolomieu
  50. 1966VEI 2Teramati
    1966-03-15 – 1966-05-15
    SE flank (Cratere Maillard, 2400 m)
  51. 1964VEI 2Teramati
    1964-04-30 – 1964-05-08
    Dolomieu, upper east and NE flanks
  52. 1964VEI 2Teramati
    1964-12-21 – 1965-02-15
    East flank (1930 m)
  53. 1963VEI 2Teramati
    1963-11-07 – 1963-11-21
    Dolomieu; upper E flank (2,410 m)
  54. 1961VEI 0Teramati
    1961-04-05 – 1961-04-25
    NE flank (east of Cratère Picard)
  55. 1960VEI 2Teramati
    1960-01-11 – 1960-03-10
    Bory, south flank (2030 m)
  56. 1959VEI 2Teramati
    1959-03-11 – 1959-08-06
    Bory
  57. 1958VEI 2Teramati
    1958-05-30 – 1958-09-20
    Dolomieu
  58. 1957VEI 2Teramati
    1957-09-02 – 1957-11-16
    Bory, N of Bory, NE of Dolomieu
  59. 1955VEI 2Teramati
    1955-07-06 – 1957-03-16
    Dolomieu, Bory, S, SE & ESE flanks
  60. 1954VEI ?Teramati
    1954-01-16 – 1954-12-16
  61. 1953VEI 2Teramati
    1953-03-13 – 1953-07-08
    South, NW & N flanks, Dolomieu, Bory
  62. 1952VEI 2Teramati
    1952-05-19 – 1952-07-20
    NE flank near north rim (1500 m)
  63. 1951VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    1951-06-16 – Berlangsung
    North part of Grand Brule
  64. 1951VEI 1Teramati
    1951-09-10 – 1951-09-20
  65. 1950VEI 2Teramati
    1950-02-25 – 1950-04-02
    South flank (2080 m)
  66. 1950VEI 2Teramati
    1950-08-30 – 1950-09-05
    SE of Bory
  67. 1949VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    1949-10 – Berlangsung
  68. 1948VEI 2Teramati
    1948-02-14 – 1948-03-08
    South flank (le Chateau Fort)
  69. 1947VEI 2Teramati
    1947 – Berlangsung
    Dolomieu, Grand Brule
  70. 1946VEI 2Teramati
    1946-06-18 – 1946-07-05
    Dolomieu crater and upper flanks
  71. 1945VEI 2Teramati
    1945-04-15 – 1945-05-06
    SE flank near Nez Coupe du Tremblet
  72. 1944VEI 2Teramati
    1944-04-11 – 1944-05-01
  73. 1943VEI 2Teramati
    1943-03-30 – 1943-05-26
    SE of Dolomieu, lower Grandes Pentes
  74. 1942VEI 2Teramati
    1942-10-05 – 1942-10-25
    Bory, rim of Dolomieu
  75. 1941VEI 1Teramati
    1941 – Berlangsung
  76. 1938VEI 1Teramati
    1938-07-25 – 1938-07-29
  77. 1938VEI 2Teramati
    1938-12-07 – 1939-01-15
    ESE and SW flanks, Dolomieu
  78. 1937VEI 2Teramati
    1937-08-13 – 1937-11-25
    Bory, flanks of Bory and Dolomieu
  79. 1936VEI 0Teramati
    1936-09 – Berlangsung
    Near 1933 crater
  80. 1935VEI 2Teramati
    1935 – Berlangsung
  81. 1933VEI 2Teramati
    1933-06-07 – 1934-04-01
    Dolomieu, upper and SE flanks
  82. 1932VEI ?Teramati
    1932-11-14 – 1932-11-16
  83. 1931VEI 2Teramati
    1931-01-22 – 1931-08-26
    Summit, NE flank (Cratère Haug)
  84. 1930VEI 0Teramati
    1930-05-23 – 1930-05-24
  85. 1929VEI 2Teramati
    1929-12-23 – 1929-12-31
  86. 1926VEI 2Teramati
    1926-09-18 – 1927-06-15
    North flank
  87. 1925VEI 2Teramati
    1925-12-30 – 1926-04-20
  88. 1924VEI 0Teramati
    1924-05-19 – 1924-05-23
  89. 1924VEI 2Teramati
    1924-09-03 – 1924-09-13
  90. 1921VEI 2Teramati
    1921-11-27 – 1921-12-03
  91. 1920VEI 0Teramati
    1920-06-28 – 1920-10-18
  92. 1917VEI 0Teramati
    1917-04-29 – 1917-04-29
    NE flank (above Piton de Crac)
  93. 1915VEI 2Teramati
    1915-07-22 – 1915-11-21
    Summit, N and NE of Crater Velain
  94. 1913VEI 2Teramati
    1913-07-10 – 1913-08-03
  95. 1910VEI 2Teramati
    1910-11-16 – 1910-12-12
  96. 1909VEI 2Teramati
    1909-04 – Berlangsung
    East of Cratère Faujas
  97. 1908VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    1908 – Berlangsung
  98. 1907VEI 0Teramati
    1907-11-29 – 1907-12-05
  99. 1905VEI 2Teramati
    1905-02-15 – 1905-02-16
  100. 1904VEI 2Teramati
    1904-08-19 – 1904-10-17
    NE flank (above Piton de Crac)
  101. 1903VEI 0Teramati
    1903 – Berlangsung
  102. 1902VEI 2Teramati
    1902-08-13 – 1902-08-18
  103. 1901VEI 2Teramati
    1901-02-21 – 1901-02-25
    East of Dolomieu
  104. 1901VEI 2Teramati
    1901-07-04 – 1901-07-06
    NE flank (above Piton de Crac)
  105. 1900VEI 0Teramati
    1900-05-11 – 1900-05-30
    East of Dolomieu
  106. 1899VEI 2Teramati
    1899-02-13 – 1899-07-18
  107. 1898VEI 2Teramati
    1898-01-14 – 1898-01-20
  108. 1898VEI 2Teramati
    1898-11-26 – Berlangsung
  109. 1897VEI 0Teramati
    1897-01-05 – 1897-01-24
  110. 1894VEI 2Teramati
    1894-08 – Berlangsung
  111. 1890VEI 2Teramati
    1890-02 – 1891-02-04
    Summit, Grandes Pentes
  112. 1889VEI 2Teramati
    1889-06 – 1889-08-11
    Grandes Pentes and summit
  113. 1884VEI 0Teramati
    1884-02-04 – 1884-02-05
  114. 1882VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    1882 – Berlangsung
  115. 1878VEI 0Teramati
    1878-03-14 – 1878-03-30
  116. 1876VEI ?Teramati
    1876-12-11 – 1876-12-11
  117. 1875VEI 0Teramati
    1875-11-26 – 1875-12-11
  118. 1874VEI ?Teramati
    1874-02-01 – Berlangsung
  119. 1874VEI 2Teramati
    1874-06-29 – 1874-11-07
  120. 1872VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    1872-02-01 – Berlangsung
  121. 1871VEI 0Teramati
    1871-06-21 – 1871-07-05
  122. 1870VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    1870-02-01 – Berlangsung
  123. 1869VEI 2Teramati
    1869 – Berlangsung
  124. 1868VEI 0Teramati
    1868-03 – Berlangsung
  125. 1865VEI 2Teramati
    1865-02-05 – 1865-02-10
  126. 1863VEI 0Teramati
    1863-12-20 – 1864-01-29
  127. 1861VEI 2Teramati
    1861-03-19 – 1861-03-19
    Brulant
  128. 1860VEI 2Teramati
    1860-01-22 – 1860-03-20
    Dolomieu and l'Enclos
  129. 1859VEI 2Teramati
    1859-05-08 – 1859-05-23
  130. 1858VEI 2Teramati
    1858-11-03 – 1859-01
  131. 1852VEI 0Teramati
    1852 – Berlangsung
    Brulant
  132. 1851VEI 0Teramati
    1851 – Berlangsung
    Brulant, l'Enclos Velain
  133. 1850VEI 0Teramati
    1850-11-03 – 1850-11-12
  134. 1849VEI 0Teramati
    1849 – Berlangsung
  135. 1848VEI 0Teramati
    1848 – Berlangsung
  136. 1847VEI 0Teramati
    1847 – Berlangsung
  137. 1846VEI 0Teramati
    1846 – Berlangsung
  138. 1845VEI 0Teramati
    1845 – Berlangsung
  139. 1844VEI 2Teramati
    1844-03-19 – 1844-05-11
    Summit and Piton de Crac
  140. 1844VEI 2Teramati
    1844-12 – Berlangsung
  141. 1843VEI 0Teramati
    1843 – Berlangsung
  142. 1842VEI 0Teramati
    1842-04 – Berlangsung
  143. 1832VEI 0Teramati
    1832-03 – Berlangsung
    L'Enclos and NE rift zone
  144. 1830VEI 0Teramati
    1830-10 – Berlangsung
    Cratere Faujas
  145. 1824VEI 0Teramati
    1824-02 – Berlangsung
  146. 1824VEI 0Teramati
    1824-12 – Berlangsung
  147. 1821VEI 2Teramati
    1821-02-27 – 1821-04-10
  148. 1820VEI 2Teramati
    1820-01 – 1820-02
    NW rift zone
  149. 1817VEI 0Teramati
    1817-01 – 1817-04
  150. 1816VEI 0Teramati
    1816-12-15 – Berlangsung
  151. 1815VEI 2Teramati
    1815-01-21 – 1815-01-27
  152. 1815VEI 2Teramati
    1815-08-15 – 1815-08-16
    Summit and Plaine des Osmondes
  153. 1814VEI 2Teramati
    1814-09-10 – 1814-10-13
  154. 1813VEI 2Teramati
    1813-09-26 – 1813-11-26
  155. 1812VEI 2Teramati
    1812-08-05 – 1812-12
    Summit and above Piton de Crac
  156. 1810VEI 0Teramati
    1810-11-20 – 1810-11-28
  157. 1809VEI 2Teramati
    1809-07-17 – 1809-08-08
  158. 1807VEI 2Teramati
    1807-03-23 – 1807-06-13
  159. 1802VEI 2Teramati
    1802-12 – Berlangsung
  160. 1801VEI 2Teramati
    1801-10-27 – 1802-04-28
    Mammelon Central
  161. 1800VEI 0Teramati
    1800-11-02 – 1800-11-08
    SE rift zone
  162. 1797VEI 0Teramati
    1797 – Berlangsung
  163. 1795VEI ?Teramati
    1795 – Berlangsung
  164. 1794VEI 0Teramati
    1794-01 – 1794-01
  165. 1792VEI 0Teramati
    1792-12-19 – Berlangsung
  166. 1791VEI 2Teramati
    1791-06-05 – 1791-07-27
    Dolomieu, Mamelon Central ?
  167. 1789VEI 2Teramati
    1789-06 – 1789-07
    East side of summit cone and Bory crater
  168. 1787VEI 2Teramati
    1787-06-14 – 1787-08-01
    Bory
  169. 1786VEI 2Teramati
    1786-06-05 – 1786-08-04
  170. 1784VEI 2Teramati
    1784 – 1785
  171. 1776VEI 0Teramati
    1776 – Berlangsung
    SE rift zone (Piton Takamaka)
  172. 1775VEI 2Teramati
    1775 – Berlangsung
    East side of summit cone
  173. 1774VEI 0Teramati
    1774-07-02 – Berlangsung
    SE rift zone
  174. 1772VEI 2Teramati
    1772-02 – Berlangsung
  175. 1772VEI 2Teramati
    1772-11-18 – Berlangsung
  176. 1771VEI ?Teramati
    1771 – Berlangsung
  177. 1768VEI 2Teramati
    1768 – Berlangsung
    Formica Leo
  178. 1766VEI 2Teramati
    1766-03 – 1766-05-26
  179. 1760VEI 2Teramati
    1760-12-15 – 1760-12-29
    East flank
  180. 1759VEI ?Teramati
    1759 – Berlangsung
  181. 1753VEI 2Teramati
    1753 – Berlangsung
  182. 1751VEI 2Teramati
    1751-06 – 1751-06
  183. 1734VEI 2Teramati
    1734-01-01 – 1734-03-06
  184. 1734VEI 2Teramati
    1734-12 – 1734-12
  185. 1733VEI 0Teramati
    1733 – Berlangsung
    L'Enclos and NE rift zone
  186. 1721VEI 2Teramati
    1721-06 – Berlangsung
  187. 1709VEI 2Teramati
    1709 – Berlangsung
  188. 1708VEI 0Teramati
    1708-04 – 1708-04
    NE rift zone
  189. 1703VEI 0Teramati
    1703 – 1705
  190. 1672VEI 0Teramati
    1672 – Berlangsung
  191. 1671VEI 0Teramati
    1671 – Berlangsung
  192. 1669VEI 0Teramati
    1669 – Berlangsung
  193. 1649VEI 0Teramati
    1649 – Berlangsung
  194. 1640VEI 0Teramati
    1640 – Berlangsung
  195. 1600VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    1600 – Berlangsung
    S rift zone (Piton Taye Poule)
  196. 1440VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    1440 – Berlangsung
    Upper NW flank (Petit Cratère)
  197. 1340VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    1340 – Berlangsung
    South rift zone (Brulé du Baril)
  198. 960VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    960 – Berlangsung
    Upper W flank (Piton Chisny)
  199. 600VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    600 – Berlangsung
    Upper NW flank (Piton Gîte)
  200. 455VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    455 – Berlangsung
  201. 120VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    120 – Berlangsung
    Upper NW flank (Cratère Commerson)
  202. 1785 SM (±90 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 1785 – Berlangsung
  203. 2765 SM (±145 tahun)VEI 5Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2765 – Berlangsung
  204. 2795 SM (±130 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2795 – Berlangsung

Tautan eksternal

⚠ Untuk referensi saja. Bukan untuk tanggap darurat.