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Manam Motu

Manam

Stratovolkan · Papua New Guinea · 1807 m

The 10-km-wide island of Manam is one of Papua New Guinea's most active volcanoes. Four large radial valleys extend from the unvegetated summit to its lower flanks and two summit craters are present. Most eruptions during the past century have originated from the southern crater, concentrating eruptive products into the SE avalanche valley, seen here from off the east coast of the island. Frequent eruptions have been recorded since 1616.
The 10-km-wide island of Manam is one of Papua New Guinea's most active volcanoes. Four large radial valleys extend from the unvegetated summit to its lower flanks and two summit craters are present. Most eruptions during the past century have originated from the southern crater, concentrating eruptive products into the SE avalanche valley, seen here from off the east coast of the island. Frequent eruptions have been recorded since 1616. · Foto: Photo by Wally Johnson (Australia Bureau of Mineral Resources). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Stratovolkan
Negara
Papua New Guinea
Wilayah
Southwestern Pacific Volcanic Regions / Bismarck Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
1807 m
Koordinat
-4.080, 145.037
Letusan terakhir
2026
Kondisi tektonik
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Composite
Batuan utama
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Ringkasan geologi

The 10-km-wide island of Manam, lying 13 km off the northern coast of mainland Papua New Guinea, is one of the country's most active volcanoes. Four large radial valleys extend from the unvegetated summit of the conical basaltic-andesitic stratovolcano to its lower flanks. These valleys channel lava flows and pyroclastic avalanches that have sometimes reached the coast. Five small satellitic centers are located near the island's shoreline on the northern, southern, and western sides. Two summit craters are present; both are active, although most observed eruptions have originated from the southern crater, concentrating eruptive products during much of the past century into the SE valley. Frequent eruptions, typically of mild-to-moderate scale, have been recorded since 1616. Occasional larger eruptions have produced pyroclastic flows and lava flows that reached flat-lying coastal areas and entered the sea, sometimes impacting populated areas.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Manam, atau dikenal sebagai Manam Motu, adalah sebuah pulau vulkanik yang terletak di Laut Bismarck, dan di sebelah timur-laut dari daratan utama Pulau Papua, Papua Nugini. Pulau Manam yang cenderung berbentuk lingkaran memiliki diameter sepanjang 10 kilometer, dan terdapat Gunung Berapi Manam yang merupakan salah satu gunung berapi teraktif di Papua Nugini. Ketika terjadi letusan pada tahun 2004, hampir semua penduduk dievakuasi ke luar pulau.

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Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
1616~1656 · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 21696~1737 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1817~1857 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 21857~1897 · 4 letusan · VEI maks. 21897~1938 · 16 letusan · VEI maks. 41938~1978 · 12 letusan · VEI maks. 31978~2018 · 10 letusan · VEI maks. 416161696181718971978

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 2018VEI 4Teramati
    2018-06-10 – 2026-03-16
    Southern and Main Craters
  2. 2014VEI 4Teramati
    2014-06-29 – 2017-09-02
    Southern and Main craters
  3. 2010VEI 3Teramati
    2010-08-10 – 2013-12-15
    South Crater, Main Crater
  4. 2004VEI 4Teramati
    2004-10-24 – 2009-12-12
    South Crater, Main Crater
  5. 2003VEI 1Teramati
    2003-05-17 – 2003-05-23
    Main Crater
  6. 2003VEI 1Teramati
    2003-10-26 – 2004-03-28
    Main Crater
  7. 2002VEI 3Teramati
    2002-01-13 – 2002-05-21
    South Crater
  8. 2002VEI 2Teramati
    2002-10-31 – Berlangsung
  9. 2001VEI 2Teramati
    2001-06-14 – 2001-06-25
  10. 2000VEI 2Teramati
    2000-06-03 – 2000-06-04
    South Crater
  11. 1974VEI 3Teramati
    1974-03-04 – 1999-11-09
    South Crater, Main Crater
  12. 1965VEI 2Teramati
    1965-07-02 – 1966-01-25
    South Crater
  13. 1963VEI 2Teramati
    1963-02-15 – 1963-05-08
    South Crater
  14. 1963VEI 2Teramati
    1963-11-26 – 1964-04-16
    South Crater
  15. 1962VEI 2Teramati
    1962-04-16 – Berlangsung
    South Crater
  16. 1961VEI 2Teramati
    1961-07-16 – 1961-09-16
    South Crater
  17. 1959VEI 2Teramati
    1959-06-16 – 1959-07-16
    South Crater
  18. 1959VEI 2Teramati
    1959-12-16 – 1960-12-16
    Main Crater, South Crater
  19. 1956VEI 3Teramati
    1956-12-08 – 1958-08-16
    South Crater, Main Crater
  20. 1954VEI 2Teramati
    1954-05-16 – 1954-06-16
  21. 1953VEI 2Teramati
    1953-04-16 – 1953-08-16
  22. 1946VEI 3Teramati
    1946-12-01 – 1947-09
    South Crater
  23. 1936VEI 3Teramati
    1936-09 – 1939
    Main Crater, South Crater
  24. 1932VEI 2Teramati
    1932 – 1934
  25. 1926VEI 2Teramati
    1926-03 – 1928-03-01
  26. 1925VEI 2Teramati
    1925 – Berlangsung
  27. 1924VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    1924 – Berlangsung
  28. 1923VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    1923 – Berlangsung
  29. 1922VEI 3Teramati
    1922 – Berlangsung
  30. 1920VEI 2Teramati
    1920-12-05 – 1921-03
  31. 1919VEI 4Teramati
    1919-08-11 – Berlangsung
    South Crater, Main Crater
  32. 1917VEI 2Teramati
    1917 – Berlangsung
  33. 1909VEI 2Teramati
    1909 – 1914
  34. 1907VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1907 – Berlangsung
  35. 1904VEI ?Teramati
    1904-04-30 – Berlangsung
  36. 1904VEI 3Teramati
    1904-10-26 – 1904-10-27
  37. 1901VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1901 – 1902
  38. 1899 (±1 tahun)VEI 2Teramati
    1899 – Berlangsung
    Main Crater, South Crater
  39. 1887VEI 2Teramati
    1887-06 – 1895
  40. 1885VEI ?Teramati
    1885-05 – Berlangsung
  41. 1884VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1884 – Berlangsung
  42. 1877VEI 2Teramati
    1877-10-29 – 1877-11-13
    South Crater
  43. 1830VEI 2Teramati
    1830 – Berlangsung
  44. 1700VEI ?Teramati
    1700-04-02 – Berlangsung
    South Crater
  45. 1643VEI 2Teramati
    1643-04-21 – Berlangsung
  46. 1616VEI 2Teramati
    1616-07-06 – Berlangsung

Tautan eksternal

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