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Ambrym

Gunung api perisai · Vanuatu · 1334 m

The steep-walled craters of the Marum cone complex at the summit of Ambrym volcano, seen from the east. Ambrym contains a 12-km-wide caldera and is one of the most active volcanoes of the New Hebrides arc. A thick pyroclastic sequence, initially dacitic, then basaltic, overlies lava flows of a pre-caldera shield volcano. Post-caldera eruptions, primarily from Marum and Benbow cones, have partially filled the caldera floor and produced lava flows that ponded on the caldera floor or overflowed through gaps in the caldera rim.
The steep-walled craters of the Marum cone complex at the summit of Ambrym volcano, seen from the east. Ambrym contains a 12-km-wide caldera and is one of the most active volcanoes of the New Hebrides arc. A thick pyroclastic sequence, initially dacitic, then basaltic, overlies lava flows of a pre-caldera shield volcano. Post-caldera eruptions, primarily from Marum and Benbow cones, have partially filled the caldera floor and produced lava flows that ponded on the caldera floor or overflowed through gaps in the caldera rim. · Foto: Photo by Karoly Nemeth, 2005 (Massey University). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Gunung api perisai
Negara
Vanuatu
Wilayah
Southwestern Pacific Volcanic Regions / Vanuatu Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
1334 m
Koordinat
-16.250, 168.120
Letusan terakhir
2024
Kondisi tektonik
Subduction zone / Intermediate crust (15-25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Shield
Batuan utama
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Ringkasan geologi

Ambrym is a large basaltic volcano with a 12-km-wide caldera formed during a major Plinian eruption with dacitic pyroclastic flows about 1,900 years ago. A thick, almost exclusively pyroclastic sequence, initially dacitic then basaltic, overlies lava flows of a pre-caldera shield volcano. Post-caldera eruptions, primarily from Marum and Benbow cones, have partially filled the caldera floor and produced lava flows that ponded on the floor or overflowed through gaps in the caldera rim. Post-caldera eruptions have also formed a series of scoria cones and maars along a fissure system oriented ENE-WSW. Eruptions have been frequently reported since 1774, though mostly limited to extra-caldera eruptions that would have affected local populations. Since 1950 observations of eruptive activity from cones within the caldera or from flank vents have occurred almost yearly.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Ambrym merupakan sebuah pulau utama di Kepulauan Solomon. Pulau ini terletak di bagian Samudra Pasifik. Ambrym memiliki luas wilayah 677,7 km² dan memiliki jumlah penduduk sebesar 7.275 jiwa.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Baca artikel lengkap →

Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
50~247 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 61629~1827 · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 21827~2024 · 57 letusan · VEI maks. 450445103714321827

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 2024VEI 0Teramati
    2024-01-13 – 2024-01-16
  2. 2024VEI 0Teramati
    2024-10-31 – 2024-11-02
  3. 2022VEI 1Teramati
    2022-01-25 – 2022-02-02
    Benbow Crater
  4. 2008VEI 2Teramati
    2008-05-23 – 2018-12-17
    Benbow and Marum
  5. 2006VEI 2Teramati
    2006-11-08 – 2007-12-27
    Marum (Mbwelesu)
  6. 1996VEI 1Teramati
    1996-06-16 – 2005-08-16
    Benbow, Marum, Niri Mbelesu, Mbwelesu
  7. 1994VEI 1Teramati
    1994-12-16 – Berlangsung
    Benbow and Marum
  8. 1990VEI 2Teramati
    1990-09-16 – 1991-07-16
    Mbwelesu, Niri Mbwelesu, Niri Taten
  9. 1989VEI 2Teramati
    1989-04-24 – 1989-12-23
    Marum, Benbow, Niri Mbwelesu Taten
  10. 1988VEI 3Teramati
    1988-02-12 – 1988-08-23
    Benbow, Mbwelesu, Marum, Niri Taten
  11. 1986VEI 2Teramati
    1986-11-13 – 1986-11-19
    New cone 3 km east of Marum
  12. 1984VEI 2Teramati
    1984-07-02 – 1986-03-08
  13. 1983VEI 2Teramati
    1983-07-02 – Berlangsung
    Marum
  14. 1981VEI 2Teramati
    1981-02-20 – 1981-09-30
    Benbow, Marum
  15. 1980VEI 3Teramati
    1980-05-16 – 1980-08-18
    Marum
  16. 1979VEI 2Teramati
    1979-01-26 – 1979-02-18
    Benbow
  17. 1979VEI 2Teramati
    1979-06-06 – 1979-09-16
    Benbow, Marum
  18. 1977VEI 2Teramati
    1977-01-20 – 1977-01-28
  19. 1977VEI 2Teramati
    1977-08-16 – 1977-09-30
  20. 1973VEI 3Teramati
    1973-04-15 – 1976-10-14
    Benbow, Mbuelesu, Marum
  21. 1972VEI 3Teramati
    1972-04-15 – 1972-08-15
    Benbow, Marum
  22. 1971VEI 2Teramati
    1971-02-03 – 1971-11-05
    Marum, Benbow
  23. 1967VEI 2Teramati
    1967-07-16 – 1970-08-29
    Marum, Benbow, Mbuelesu
  24. 1964VEI 2Teramati
    1964-02-16 – 1966-09-16
    Marum, Benbow
  25. 1963VEI 2Teramati
    1963-08-30 – 1963-09-23
    Benbow, Marum
  26. 1961VEI 3Teramati
    1961-08-15 – 1963-04-03
    Benbow, Marum, south of Marum
  27. 1960VEI 1Teramati
    1960-09-17 – Berlangsung
    Mbuelesu, Benbow, near Marum
  28. 1959VEI 2Teramati
    1959-04-16 – Berlangsung
    Marum
  29. 1958VEI 2Teramati
    1958-11-18 – Berlangsung
    Benbow and Marum
  30. 1957VEI 1Teramati
    1957-08-26 – 1957-10-16
    Benbow, Marum
  31. 1955VEI 2Teramati
    1955-07-02 – Berlangsung
    Benbow
  32. 1954VEI 2Teramati
    1954-07-02 – Berlangsung
    Benbow
  33. 1953VEI 2Teramati
    1953-05-16 – 1953-10-13
    Benbow, Mbuelesu, S flank of Benbow
  34. 1952VEI 2Teramati
    1952-08-10 – 1952-12-26
    Benbow
  35. 1950VEI 4Teramati
    1950-12-06 – 1951-11-25
    Benbow
  36. 1942VEI 2Teramati
    1942-06-06 – Berlangsung
    NW flank of Benbow
  37. 1938VEI 2Teramati
    1938 – Berlangsung
    Benbow, Marum ?
  38. 1937VEI 2Teramati
    1937-03-27 – 1937-04
    Benbow and west flank
  39. 1935VEI 2Teramati
    1935-09 – 1936-01
    Benbow
  40. 1929VEI 2Teramati
    1929-06-28 – 1929-07-01
    Benbow, west flank, Marum
  41. 1927VEI ?Teramati
    1927-01-27 – 1927-01-27
  42. 1915VEI 2Teramati
    1915-10-20 – Berlangsung
    Marum, crater at SE point
  43. 1913VEI 3Teramati
    1913-10-14 – 1914
    Benbow, west flank, Marum
  44. 1912VEI ?Teramati
    1912 – Berlangsung
    Marum ?, west flank ?
  45. 1910VEI 0Teramati
    1910 – Berlangsung
    Base of Marum
  46. 1909VEI 2Teramati
    1909-07-28 – Berlangsung
  47. 1908VEI 2Teramati
    1908 – Berlangsung
  48. 1898VEI 1Teramati
    1898-03-26 – Berlangsung
  49. 1894VEI 3Teramati
    1894-10-15 – 1895-02-10
    Benbow and west flank
  50. 1888VEI 2Teramati
    1888-02-24 – 1888-04
    SE flank (6 km from SE Point), Marum
  51. 1886VEI 2Teramati
    1886-07 – Berlangsung
  52. 1884VEI 2Teramati
    1884 – Berlangsung
    Marum and/or Benbow
  53. 1883VEI 2Teramati
    1883 – Berlangsung
    Marum
  54. 1875VEI ?Teramati
    1875-05-03 – Berlangsung
  55. 1871VEI 2Teramati
    1871 – Berlangsung
  56. 1870VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1870 – Berlangsung
  57. 1863VEI 2Teramati
    1863 – 1864
  58. 1820VEI ?Teramati
    1820 – Berlangsung
    West flank
  59. 1774VEI 2Teramati
    1774-07-02 – Berlangsung
  60. 50 (±100 tahun)VEI 6Perkiraan geologi
    50 – Berlangsung

Tautan eksternal

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