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Gunung Bromo

Tengger Caldera

Stratovolkan · Indonesia · 2329 m

Bromo volcano produces a gas-and-steam plume at the left in this view from the rim of Ngadisari caldera, the older of two Tengger calderas. Bromo and Batok in the lower center are two of several post-caldera cones within the caldera. The towering peak of Semeru appears in the background at the end of a N-S trending volcanic massif.
Bromo volcano produces a gas-and-steam plume at the left in this view from the rim of Ngadisari caldera, the older of two Tengger calderas. Bromo and Batok in the lower center are two of several post-caldera cones within the caldera. The towering peak of Semeru appears in the background at the end of a N-S trending volcanic massif. · Foto: Photo courtesy of Volcanological Survey of Indonesia. · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Stratovolkan
Negara
Indonesia
Wilayah
Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions / Sunda Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
2329 m
Koordinat
-7.942, 112.950
Letusan terakhir
2023
Kondisi tektonik
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Composite
Batuan utama
Trachyandesite / Basaltic Trachyandesite
Ringkasan geologi

The 16-km-wide Tengger caldera is located at the northern end of a volcanic massif extending from Semeru volcano. The massive volcanic complex dates back to about 820,000 years ago and consists of five overlapping stratovolcanoes, each truncated by a caldera. Lava domes, pyroclastic cones, and a maar occupy the flanks of the massif. The Ngadisari caldera at the NE end of the complex formed about 150,000 years ago and is now drained through the Sapikerep valley. The most recent of the calderas is the 9 x 10 km wide Sandsea caldera at the SW end of the complex, which formed incrementally during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. An overlapping cluster of post-caldera cones was constructed on the floor of the Sandsea caldera within the past several thousand years. The youngest of these is Bromo, one of Java's most active and most frequently visited volcanoes.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Gunung Bromo atau dalam bahasa Tengger dieja "Brama", juga disebut Kaldera Tengger, adalah sebuah gunung berapi aktif di Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Gunung ini memiliki ketinggian 2.614 meter di atas permukaan laut dan berada dalam empat wilayah kabupaten, yakni Kabupaten Probolinggo, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Kabupaten Lumajang, dan Kabupaten Malang. Gunung Bromo terkenal sebagai objek wisata utama di Jawa Timur. Sebagai sebuah objek wisata, Bromo menjadi menarik karena statusnya sebagai gunung berapi yang masih aktif. Gunung Bromo termasuk dalam kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Baca artikel lengkap →

Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
5260 BCE~5017 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?890 BCE~647 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 481~324 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 2324~566 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 31537~1780 · 3 letusan · VEI maks. 21780~2023 · 65 letusan · VEI maks. 35260 BCE3561 BCE1618 BCE811780

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 2023VEI 1Teramati
    2023-12-13 – 2023-12-13
  2. 2021VEI 0Teramati
    2021-04-15 – 2021-10-22
    Bromo
  3. 2020VEI 1Teramati
    2020-12-26 – 2020-12-28
  4. 2019VEI 2Teramati
    2019-02-18 – 2019-07-28
    Bromo
  5. 2015VEI 2Teramati
    2015-11-12 – 2016-11-12
    Bromo cone
  6. 2010VEI 3Teramati
    2010-11-26 – 2011-06-13
    Bromo
  7. 2004VEI 2Teramati
    2004-06-08 – 2004-06-24
    Bromo
  8. 2000VEI 2Teramati
    2000-11-29 – 2001-01-15
    Bromo
  9. 1995VEI 1Teramati
    1995-03-03 – 1995-05-26
    Bromo
  10. 1995VEI 1Teramati
    1995-09-09 – 1995-12-16
    Bromo
  11. 1984VEI 1Teramati
    1984-05-12 – 1984-05-31
    Bromo
  12. 1983VEI 1Perkiraan geologi
    1983-04-15 – 1983-06-28
    Bromo
  13. 1983VEI 1Teramati
    1983-12-21 – 1983-12-21
    Bromo
  14. 1980VEI 2Teramati
    1980-06-05 – 1980-09-20
    Bromo
  15. 1972VEI 2Teramati
    1972-01-26 – 1972-03-16
    Bromo
  16. 1956VEI 2Teramati
    1956-06-16 – 1956-07-16
    Bromo
  17. 1955VEI 2Teramati
    1955-12-29 – 1955-12-30
    Bromo
  18. 1950VEI 2Teramati
    1950-05-27 – 1950-08-16
    Bromo
  19. 1948VEI 3Teramati
    1948-02-15 – 1948-04-25
    Bromo
  20. 1940VEI 2Teramati
    1940-04-25 – 1940-07-03
    Bromo
  21. 1939VEI 2Teramati
    1939-06-24 – 1939-07
    Bromo
  22. 1935VEI 2Teramati
    1935-07 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  23. 1930VEI 2Teramati
    1930-05-30 – 1930-07
    Bromo
  24. 1929VEI 2Teramati
    1929-08-07 – 1929-09-08
    Bromo
  25. 1928VEI 2Teramati
    1928-03-15 – 1928-07
    Bromo
  26. 1928VEI 2Teramati
    1928-12-16 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  27. 1922VEI 2Teramati
    1922-02-05 – 1922-06-20
    Bromo
  28. 1921VEI 2Teramati
    1921-06 – 1921-10-17
    Bromo
  29. 1915VEI 3Teramati
    1915-11 – 1916-06
    Bromo
  30. 1910VEI 2Teramati
    1910-01-18 – 1910-01-21
    Bromo
  31. 1909VEI 2Teramati
    1909-01-12 – 1909-01-14
    Bromo
  32. 1907VEI 2Teramati
    1907-08-28 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  33. 1907VEI 2Teramati
    1907-12-14 – 1908-02-13
    Bromo
  34. 1906VEI 2Teramati
    1906-09-25 – 1907-05-18
    Bromo
  35. 1896VEI 2Teramati
    1896 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  36. 1893VEI 2Teramati
    1893-01-13 – 1893-03-27
    Bromo
  37. 1890VEI 2Teramati
    1890-05 – 1890-09
    Bromo
  38. 1888VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    1888-02-27 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  39. 1886VEI 2Teramati
    1886-04-15 – 1886-04-26
    Bromo
  40. 1886VEI 2Teramati
    1886-11-11 – 1887-01-25
    Bromo
  41. 1885VEI 2Teramati
    1885-06 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  42. 1885VEI 2Teramati
    1885-10-31 – 1886-01-10
    Bromo
  43. 1877VEI 2Teramati
    1877-04-24 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  44. 1867VEI 2Teramati
    1867-12-13 – 1868-01-12
    Bromo
  45. 1866VEI 2Teramati
    1866-07 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  46. 1865VEI 2Teramati
    1865-12-01 – 1865-12-18
    Bromo
  47. 1865VEI 2Teramati
    1865-04 – 1865-05
    Bromo
  48. 1860VEI 2Teramati
    1860-06-12 – 1860-06-14
    Bromo
  49. 1859VEI 2Teramati
    1859-01-30 – 1859-03-04
    Bromo
  50. 1858VEI 2Teramati
    1858-03-04 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  51. 1858VEI 2Teramati
    1858-10-18 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  52. 1857VEI 2Teramati
    1857 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  53. 1856VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    1856-09-10 – Berlangsung
    Volcano Uncertain
  54. 1844VEI 2Teramati
    1844-11-09 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  55. 1843VEI 2Teramati
    1843-01 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  56. 1842VEI 2Teramati
    1842-01-24 – 1842-06
    Bromo
  57. 1835VEI 2Teramati
    1835 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  58. 1830VEI 2Teramati
    1830-03-03 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  59. 1830VEI 2Teramati
    1830-12-15 – 1830-12-16
    Bromo
  60. 1829VEI 2Teramati
    1829-11-05 – 1829-11-11
    Bromo
  61. 1825VEI 2Teramati
    1825-11-05 – 1825-11-08
    Bromo
  62. 1822VEI 2Teramati
    1822-12-28 – 1823-01-05
    Bromo
  63. 1820VEI 2Teramati
    1820 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  64. 1815VEI 2Teramati
    1815-04-05 – 1815-04-17
    Bromo
  65. 1804VEI 2Teramati
    1804-09 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  66. 1775VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1775 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  67. 1767VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1767 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  68. 1590 (±50 tahun)VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    1590 – Berlangsung
    Bromo
  69. 330 (±50 tahun)VEI 3Perkiraan geologi
    330 – Berlangsung
    Segorowedi
  70. 190 (±50 tahun)VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    190 – Berlangsung
    Widodaren
  71. 830 SM (±50 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 830 – Berlangsung
    Sandsea caldera
  72. 5260 SM (±780 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 5260 – Berlangsung
    Sandsea caldera

Tautan eksternal

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