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Mount Aniakchak

Aniakchak

Kaldera · United States · 1341 m

Aniakchak is a 10-km-wide summit caldera containing numerous cones, lava domes, and lava flows on the caldera floor. The largest intra-caldera cone is Vent Mountain that reaches 430 m in height and has a diameter at the base of 2.5 km. At least 20 Holocene eruptions may have occurred before the Aniakchak II caldera-forming eruption.
Aniakchak is a 10-km-wide summit caldera containing numerous cones, lava domes, and lava flows on the caldera floor. The largest intra-caldera cone is Vent Mountain that reaches 430 m in height and has a diameter at the base of 2.5 km. At least 20 Holocene eruptions may have occurred before the Aniakchak II caldera-forming eruption. · Foto: Photo by M. Woodbridge Williams (National Park Service). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Kaldera
Negara
United States
Wilayah
North America Volcanic Regions / Alaska Peninsula Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
1341 m
Koordinat
56.880, -158.170
Letusan terakhir
1931
Kondisi tektonik
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Caldera
Batuan utama
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Ringkasan geologi

One of the most dramatic calderas of the Aleutian arc, the 10-km-wide Aniakchak caldera formed around 3,400 years ago during a voluminous eruption in which pyroclastic flows traveled more than 50 km N to the Bering Sea and also reached the Pacific Ocean to the south. At least 40 explosive eruptions have been documented during the past 10,000 years, making it the most active volcano of the eastern Aleutian arc. A dominantly andesitic pre-caldera volcano was constructed above basement Mesozoic and Tertiary sedimentary rocks that are exposed in the caldera walls to elevations of about 610 m. The ice-free caldera floor contains many pyroclastic cones, tuff cones, maars, and lava domes. Surprise Lake on the NE side drains through The Gates, a steep-walled breach on the east side of the 1-km-high caldera rim that was the site of catastrophic draining of a once larger lake about 1850 years BP. Vent Mountain and Half Cone are two long-lived vents on the south-central and NW caldera floor, respectively. The first and only confirmed historical eruption took place in 1931 from vents on the west and SW caldera floor.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Ringkasan Inggris

Mount Aniakchak is a volcano on the western Alaska Peninsula. Part of the Aleutian Volcanic Arc, it was formed by the subduction of the oceanic Pacific Plate under the North American Plate. Aniakchak is a 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) wide caldera with a break to the northeast. The caldera contains Surprise Lake and many volcanic cones, maars and craters, including Vent Mountain. The volcano has erupted mainly calc-alkaline rocks ranging from basalt to rhyolite.

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Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
6300 BCE~6025 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 66025 BCE~5751 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?2728 BCE~2454 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1904 BCE~1630 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 6531 BCE~256 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?19~294 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?294~568 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?568~843 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 0843~1118 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1118~1393 · 4 letusan · VEI maks. ?1393~1667 · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 41667~1942 · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 46300 BCE4377 BCE2179 BCE256 BCE1667

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 1942VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1942 – Berlangsung
  2. 1931VEI 4Teramati
    1931-05-01 – 1931-06-13
    West and SW caldera floor
  3. 1540 (±100 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    1540 – Berlangsung
    NW & S caldera floor (Half Cone, Vent Mtn)
  4. 1470 (±20 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1470 – Berlangsung
    SE caldera floor (New Cone)
  5. 1370 (±55 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1370 – Berlangsung
    NW caldera floor (Half Cone)
  6. 1280 (±145 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1280 – Berlangsung
    NW caldera floor (Half Cone)
  7. 1190 (±30 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1190 – Berlangsung
    NW caldera floor (Half Cone)
  8. 1120 (±80 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1120 – Berlangsung
    East-central caldera (Surprise Cone)
  9. 1050VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1050 – Berlangsung
    Vent Mtn and other vents?
  10. 700 (±250 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    700 – Berlangsung
    S & NW caldera floor (Vent Mtn & Half Cone)
  11. 460VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    460 – Berlangsung
  12. 200 (±255 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    200 – Berlangsung
    Northern & western caldera floor
  13. 370 SM (±210 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 370 – Berlangsung
  14. 1645 SM (±10 tahun)VEI 6Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 1645 – Berlangsung
  15. 2550 SM (±500 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2550 – Berlangsung
  16. 5930 SM (±240 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 5930 – Berlangsung
  17. 6300 SM (±1250 tahun)VEI 6Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 6300 – Berlangsung

Tautan eksternal

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