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Novarupta

Kaldera · United States · 841 m

A lava dome 65 m high and 380 m wide lies within a circular ejecta ring and caps the 1912 vent of Novarupta volcano. A 60-hour-long eruption that began on 6 June 1912 was the largest eruption during the 20th century, producing The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes pyroclastic flow deposit which forms the flat ground to the right. The face of Falling Mountain, behind Novarupta dome, was sheared off by a 2-km-wide collapse around the vent. This view from the NE shows snow-capped Mageik in the background.
A lava dome 65 m high and 380 m wide lies within a circular ejecta ring and caps the 1912 vent of Novarupta volcano. A 60-hour-long eruption that began on 6 June 1912 was the largest eruption during the 20th century, producing The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes pyroclastic flow deposit which forms the flat ground to the right. The face of Falling Mountain, behind Novarupta dome, was sheared off by a 2-km-wide collapse around the vent. This view from the NE shows snow-capped Mageik in the background. · Foto: Photo by Tom Miller (Alaska Volcano Observatory, U.S. Geological Survey). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Kaldera
Negara
United States
Wilayah
North America Volcanic Regions / Alaska Peninsula Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
841 m
Koordinat
58.266, -155.159
Letusan terakhir
1912
Kondisi tektonik
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Caldera
Batuan utama
Rhyolite
Ringkasan geologi

Novarupta, the least topographically prominent volcano in the Katmai area, was formed during a major eruption in 1912. This eruption was the world's largest during the 20th century and produced a voluminous rhyolitic airfall tephra and the renowned Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (VTTS) ash flow. At the end of the eruption a small, 65-m-high, 400-m-wide lava dome grew within the source vent of the VTTS ashflow, a 2-km-wide area of subsidence NW of Trident volcano. The NE side of the Falling Mountain lava dome of the Trident volcanic cluster, as well as Broken Mountain and Baked Mountain, was removed by collapse of the Novarupta depression, which is marked by radial and scalloped arcuate fractures. Much larger collapse took place at Katmai volcano, 10 km E, where a 3 x 4 km caldera formed in response to magma reservoir drainage toward Novarupta.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Novarupta adalah gunung berapi yang terbentuk pada tahun 1912, terletak di Semenanjung Alaska di lereng Gunung Berapi Trident di Taman Nasional dan Cagar Alam Katmai, sekitar 470 km barat daya Anchorage. Terbentuk selama letusan gunung berapi terbesar di abad ke-20, Novarupta melepaskan volume magma 30 kali lipat dari letusan Gunung St. Helens 1980.

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Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
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1912~1912 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 619121912191319131913

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 1912VEI 6Teramati
    1912-06-06 – 1912-10

Tautan eksternal

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