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Gunung Cotopaxi

Cotopaxi

Stratovolkan · Ecuador · 5911 m

Symmetrical Cotopaxi is one of the most prominent volcanoes that line both sides of the Interandean valley along Ecuador's "Avenue of Volcanoes." Cotopaxi, one of Ecuador's most active volcanoes, has produced more than 50 eruptions since the 16th century. Glaciers cover the upper part of the cone from 4700 m altitude on the west flank, seen here, to the 5911-m-high summit. Devastating lahars in historical time swept this valley before turning south and then east into the Amazon basin. Lahars to the NW reached the Pacific Ocean.
Symmetrical Cotopaxi is one of the most prominent volcanoes that line both sides of the Interandean valley along Ecuador's "Avenue of Volcanoes." Cotopaxi, one of Ecuador's most active volcanoes, has produced more than 50 eruptions since the 16th century. Glaciers cover the upper part of the cone from 4700 m altitude on the west flank, seen here, to the 5911-m-high summit. Devastating lahars in historical time swept this valley before turning south and then east into the Amazon basin. Lahars to the NW reached the Pacific Ocean. · Foto: Photo by Lee Siebert, 1978 (Smithsonian Institution). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Stratovolkan
Negara
Ecuador
Wilayah
South America Volcanic Regions / Northern Andean Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
5911 m
Koordinat
-0.677, -78.436
Letusan terakhir
2023
Kondisi tektonik
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Composite
Batuan utama
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Ringkasan geologi

The symmetrical, glacier-covered, Cotopaxi stratovolcano is Ecuador's most well-known volcano and one of its most active. The steep-sided cone is capped by nested summit craters, the largest of which is about 550 x 800 m in diameter. Deep valleys scoured by lahars radiate from the summit of the andesitic volcano, and large andesitic lava flows extend to its base. The modern edifice has been constructed since a major collapse sometime prior to about 5,000 years ago. Pyroclastic flows (often confused in historical accounts with lava flows) have accompanied many explosive eruptions, and lahars have frequently devastated adjacent valleys. Strong eruptions took place in 1744, 1768, and 1877. Pyroclastic flows descended all sides of the volcano in 1877, and lahars traveled more than 100 km into the Pacific Ocean and western Amazon basin. Smaller eruptions have been frequent since that time.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Gunung Cotopaxi ialah gunung berapi di Ekuador. Ketinggian gunung ini ialah 5911 m, cukup tinggi buat salju untuk jatuh di atasnya, meski dekat khatulistiwa.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Baca artikel lengkap →

Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
7690 BCE~7366 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 26071 BCE~5748 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 54453 BCE~4129 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 54129 BCE~3805 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 53481 BCE~3158 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 52834 BCE~2510 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 52510 BCE~2187 BCE · 2 letusan · VEI maks. ?2187 BCE~1863 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 51539 BCE~1215 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1215 BCE~892 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 4568 BCE~244 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 4244 BCE~80 · 3 letusan · VEI maks. 480~403 · 3 letusan · VEI maks. 4403~727 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?727~1051 · 3 letusan · VEI maks. 41051~1375 · 3 letusan · VEI maks. 51375~1698 · 4 letusan · VEI maks. 41698~2022 · 57 letusan · VEI maks. 47690 BCE5424 BCE2834 BCE568 BCE1698

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 2022VEI 2Teramati
    2022-10-21 – 2023-07-06
    Summit crater
  2. 2015VEI 2Teramati
    2015-08-14 – 2016-01-24
    Summit crater
  3. 1942VEI 3Perkiraan geologi
    1942-02-17 – 1942-02-19
  4. 1940VEI 2Teramati
    1940 – Berlangsung
  5. 1939VEI 2Teramati
    1939-02-02 – Berlangsung
  6. 1931VEI 2Teramati
    1931 – Berlangsung
  7. 1926VEI 2Teramati
    1926 – Berlangsung
  8. 1922VEI 2Teramati
    1922 – Berlangsung
  9. 1908VEI 1Teramati
    1908 – 1914
  10. 1907VEI 2Teramati
    1907-06 – Berlangsung
  11. 1906VEI 2Teramati
    1906-08-21 – 1906-09-19
  12. 1905VEI 2Teramati
    1905 – Berlangsung
  13. 1903VEI 3Teramati
    1903-09-26 – 1904-12
  14. 1895VEI 2Teramati
    1895 – Berlangsung
  15. 1886VEI 2Teramati
    1886-01 – Berlangsung
  16. 1885VEI 2Teramati
    1885-07-23 – Berlangsung
  17. 1883VEI 2Teramati
    1883-08 – Berlangsung
  18. 1883VEI 2Teramati
    1883-12 – Berlangsung
  19. 1882VEI 2Teramati
    1882-01 – 1882-03
  20. 1880VEI 3Teramati
    1880-02 – 1880-07
  21. 1879VEI 2Teramati
    1879-02-26 – 1879-06-19
  22. 1878VEI 2Teramati
    1878-08-23 – 1878-08-24
  23. 1877VEI 4Teramati
    1877-01 – 1877-09-02
  24. 1870VEI 2Teramati
    1870 – 1876
  25. 1869VEI 3Teramati
    1869-07 – 1869-08
  26. 1868VEI 2Teramati
    1868-08-15 – 1868-08-16
  27. 1867VEI 2Teramati
    1867 – Berlangsung
  28. 1866VEI 2Teramati
    1866-09-21 – 1866-09-26
  29. 1863VEI 2Teramati
    1863 – Berlangsung
  30. 1860VEI 2Teramati
    1860 – 1862
  31. 1859VEI 2Teramati
    1859 – Berlangsung
  32. 1858VEI 2Teramati
    1858-11 – 1858-12
  33. 1857VEI 2Teramati
    1857 – Berlangsung
  34. 1856VEI 2Teramati
    1856-05 – Berlangsung
  35. 1856VEI 2Teramati
    1856-10 – 1856-12
  36. 1855VEI 2Teramati
    1855-11 – Berlangsung
  37. 1854VEI 2Teramati
    1854-04-03 – Berlangsung
  38. 1854VEI 2Teramati
    1854-09-14 – Berlangsung
  39. 1853VEI 3Teramati
    1853-09-13 – 1853-09-15
  40. 1852VEI 2Teramati
    1852 – Berlangsung
  41. 1851VEI 2Teramati
    1851-06 – Berlangsung
  42. 1850VEI 2Teramati
    1850 – Berlangsung
  43. 1845VEI 2Teramati
    1845-04 – Berlangsung
  44. 1844VEI 2Teramati
    1844 – Berlangsung
  45. 1803VEI 3Teramati
    1803-01-04 – 1803-01-05
  46. 1768VEI 4Teramati
    1768-04-04 – Berlangsung
  47. 1766VEI 3Teramati
    1766-02-10 – 1766-12
  48. 1750VEI 2Teramati
    1750-09-02 – 1750-09-04
  49. 1747VEI 2Teramati
    1747 – 1749
  50. 1746VEI 2Teramati
    1746-02 – Berlangsung
  51. 1744VEI 4Teramati
    1744-05 – 1744-12
  52. 1743VEI 3Teramati
    1743-04 – Berlangsung
  53. 1743VEI 2Teramati
    1743-09-27 – 1743-10-04
  54. 1742VEI 3Teramati
    1742-06-15 – 1742-07
  55. 1742VEI 3Teramati
    1742-12-09 – Berlangsung
  56. 1740VEI 2Teramati
    1740 – 1741
  57. 1738VEI 2Teramati
    1738 – Berlangsung
  58. 1698VEI 3Teramati
    1698 – Berlangsung
  59. 1534VEI 4Teramati
    1534-06 – 1534-07
  60. 1533VEI 2Teramati
    1533-10 – 1533-11
  61. 1532VEI 4Teramati
    1532-11-15 – Berlangsung
  62. 1350VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    1350 – Berlangsung
  63. 1260 (±150 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1260 – Berlangsung
  64. 1130 (±75 tahun)VEI 5Perkiraan geologi
    1130 – Berlangsung
  65. 950VEI 3Perkiraan geologi
    950 – Berlangsung
  66. 770 (±75 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    770 – Berlangsung
  67. 740 (±75 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    740 – Berlangsung
  68. 550 (±200 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    550 – Berlangsung
  69. 370 (±200 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    370 – Berlangsung
  70. 180 (±100 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    180 – Berlangsung
  71. 150VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    150 – Berlangsung
  72. 70 (±150 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    70 – Berlangsung
  73. 50 SMVEI 3Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 50 – Berlangsung
  74. 230 SM (±200 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 230 – Berlangsung
  75. 400 SMVEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 400 – Berlangsung
  76. 1050 SMVEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 1050 – Berlangsung
  77. 1510 SM (±150 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 1510 – Berlangsung
  78. 2050 SMVEI 5Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2050 – Berlangsung
  79. 2220 SM (±100 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2220 – Berlangsung
  80. 2250 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2250 – Berlangsung
  81. 2640 SM (±200 tahun)VEI 5Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2640 – Berlangsung
  82. 3280 SM (±500 tahun)VEI 5Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3280 – Berlangsung
  83. 3880 SM (±75 tahun)VEI 5Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3880 – Berlangsung
  84. 4350 SM (±75 tahun)VEI 5Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 4350 – Berlangsung
  85. 5820 SM (±75 tahun)VEI 5Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 5820 – Berlangsung
  86. 7690 SM (±75 tahun)VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 7690 – Berlangsung

Tautan eksternal

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