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Ubinas

Stratovolkan · Peru · 5608 m

Volcán Ubinas, seen here from the west, is Perú's most active volcano. A small, 1.2-km-wide caldera that cuts the top of Ubinas gives it a truncated appearance. The upper slopes of the stratovolcano steepen to nearly 45 degrees. The steep-walled, 150-m-deep caldera contains an ash cone with a 500-m-wide funnel-shaped vent that is 200-m deep. Holocene lava flows are visible on the volcano's flanks, but historical activity, documented since the 16th century, has consisted of intermittent minor explosive eruptions.
Volcán Ubinas, seen here from the west, is Perú's most active volcano. A small, 1.2-km-wide caldera that cuts the top of Ubinas gives it a truncated appearance. The upper slopes of the stratovolcano steepen to nearly 45 degrees. The steep-walled, 150-m-deep caldera contains an ash cone with a 500-m-wide funnel-shaped vent that is 200-m deep. Holocene lava flows are visible on the volcano's flanks, but historical activity, documented since the 16th century, has consisted of intermittent minor explosive eruptions. · Foto: Photo by Norm Banks, 1988 (U.S. Geological Survey). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Stratovolkan
Negara
Peru
Wilayah
South America Volcanic Regions / Central Andean Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
5608 m
Koordinat
-16.345, -70.897
Letusan terakhir
2024
Kondisi tektonik
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Composite
Batuan utama
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Ringkasan geologi

The truncated appearance of Ubinas, Perú's most active volcano, is a result of a 1.4-km-wide crater at the summit. It is the northernmost of three young volcanoes located along a regional structural lineament about 50 km behind the main volcanic front. The growth and destruction of Ubinas I was followed by construction of Ubinas II beginning in the mid-Pleistocene. The upper slopes of the andesitic-to-rhyolitic Ubinas II stratovolcano are composed primarily of andesitic and trachyandesitic lava flows and steepen to nearly 45°. The steep-walled, 150-m-deep summit crater contains an ash cone with a 500-m-wide funnel-shaped vent that is 200 m deep. Debris-avalanche deposits from the collapse of the SE flank about 3,700 years ago extend 10 km from the volcano. Widespread Plinian pumice-fall deposits include one from about 1,000 years ago. Holocene lava flows are visible on the flanks, but activity documented since the 16th century has consisted of intermittent minor-to-moderate explosive eruptions.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Ringkasan Inggris

Ubinas is an active stratovolcano in the Moquegua Region of southern Peru, approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) east of the city of Arequipa. Part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, it rises 5,672 metres (18,609 ft) above sea level. The volcano's summit is cut by a 1.4-kilometre-wide (0.87 mi) and 150-metre-deep (490 ft) caldera, which itself contains a smaller crater. Below the summit, Ubinas has the shape of an upwards-steepening cone with a prominent notch on the southern side. The gently sloping lower part of the volcano is also known as Ubinas I and the steeper upper part as Ubinas II; they represent different stages in the volcano's geological history.

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Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
8560 BCE~8207 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?7149 BCE~6796 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?966~1318 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 51318~1671 · 4 letusan · VEI maks. 31671~2024 · 21 letusan · VEI maks. 38560 BCE6090 BCE3268 BCE798 BCE1671

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 2024VEI 2Teramati
    2024-05-06 – 2024-06-11
  2. 2023VEI 3Teramati
    2023-06-22 – 2023-12-15
  3. 2019VEI 2Teramati
    2019-06-24 – 2019-09-12
  4. 2016VEI 2Teramati
    2016-09-13 – 2017-03-02
    Summit crater
  5. 2013VEI 2Teramati
    2013-09-01 – 2016-02-27
    Summit crater
  6. 2010VEI 1Teramati
    2010-07-18 – 2010-07-18
  7. 2006VEI 2Teramati
    2006-03-25 – 2009-07-04
  8. 1969VEI 2Teramati
    1969-06-16 – Berlangsung
  9. 1956VEI 2Teramati
    1956-05-16 – 1956-10-21
  10. 1951VEI 2Teramati
    1951-07-23 – Berlangsung
  11. 1937VEI 2Teramati
    1937-06 – Berlangsung
  12. 1907VEI 2Teramati
    1907 – Berlangsung
  13. 1906VEI 2Teramati
    1906-10 – Berlangsung
  14. 1869VEI 2Teramati
    1869-10 – Berlangsung
  15. 1867VEI 2Teramati
    1867-05-24 – 1867-05-28
  16. 1865VEI 2Teramati
    1865 – Berlangsung
  17. 1862VEI 2Teramati
    1862 – Berlangsung
  18. 1830VEI 2Teramati
    1830 – Berlangsung
  19. 1826VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1826 – Berlangsung
  20. 1784VEI 2Teramati
    1784 – Berlangsung
  21. 1677VEI 3Teramati
    1677 – Berlangsung
  22. 1667VEI 3Teramati
    1667 – Berlangsung
  23. 1662VEI 3Teramati
    1662 – Berlangsung
  24. 1600VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    1600 – Berlangsung
  25. 1550 (±50 tahun)VEI 3Teramati
    1550 – Berlangsung
  26. 1082 (±82 tahun)VEI 5Perkiraan geologi
    1082 – Berlangsung
  27. 6850 SM (±150 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 6850 – Berlangsung
  28. 8560 SM (±300 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 8560 – Berlangsung

Tautan eksternal

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