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Mount Hudson

Hudson, Cerro

Stratovolkan · Chile · 1905 m

The ice-filled 10-km-wide caldera of the remote Cerro Hudson volcano was not recognized until its first 20th-century eruption in 1971. The massive, 1905-m-high Cerro Hudson, seen here from the west on August 23 during its 1991 eruption, covers an area of 300 km2. The caldera is drained through a breach on its NW rim (upper left), which has been the source of mudflows down the Rio de Los Huemules. The 1991 eruption was Chile's second largest of the 20th century, and formed a new 800-m-wide crater in the SW part of the caldera.
The ice-filled 10-km-wide caldera of the remote Cerro Hudson volcano was not recognized until its first 20th-century eruption in 1971. The massive, 1905-m-high Cerro Hudson, seen here from the west on August 23 during its 1991 eruption, covers an area of 300 km2. The caldera is drained through a breach on its NW rim (upper left), which has been the source of mudflows down the Rio de Los Huemules. The 1991 eruption was Chile's second largest of the 20th century, and formed a new 800-m-wide crater in the SW part of the caldera. · Foto: Photo by Norm Banks, 1991 (U.S. Geological Survey). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Stratovolkan
Negara
Chile
Wilayah
South America Volcanic Regions / Southern Andean Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
1905 m
Koordinat
-45.900, -72.970
Letusan terakhir
2011
Kondisi tektonik
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Composite
Batuan utama
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Ringkasan geologi

The ice-filled, 10-km-wide caldera of Cerro Hudson volcano was not recognized until its first 20th-century eruption in 1971. It is the southernmost volcano in the Chilean Andes, related to subduction of the Nazca plate beneath the South American plate. The massive volcano covers an area of 300 km2. The compound caldera is drained through a breach on its NW rim, which has been the source of mudflows down the Río de Los Huemeles. Two cinder cones occur N of the volcano and others occupy the SW and SE flanks. This volcano has been the source of several major Holocene explosive eruptions. An eruption about 6,700 years ago was one of the largest known in the southern Andes during the Holocene; another eruption about 3,600 years ago also produced more than 10 km3 of tephra. An eruption in 1991 formed a new 800-m-wide crater in the SW portion of the caldera.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Ringkasan Inggris

Hudson Volcano is the most active volcano in the southern part of the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes Mountains in Chile, having erupted most recently in 2011. It was formed by the subduction of the oceanic Nazca Plate under the continental South American Plate. South of Hudson is a smaller volcano, followed by a long gap without active volcanoes, then the Austral Volcanic Zone. Hudson has the form of a 10-kilometre-wide (6-mile) caldera filled with ice; the Huemules Glacier emerges from the northwestern side of the caldera. The volcano has erupted rocks ranging from basalt to rhyolite, but large parts of the caldera are formed by non-volcanic rocks.

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Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
8010 BCE~7676 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?5004 BCE~4670 BCE · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 64002 BCE~3668 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?2331 BCE~1997 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1997 BCE~1663 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 6995 BCE~661 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?327 BCE~7 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?341~675 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?675~1009 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1677~2011 · 5 letusan · VEI maks. 58010 BCE5672 BCE2999 BCE661 BCE1677

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 2011VEI 2Teramati
    2011-10-26 – 2011-11-01
    S and SE edge of the caldera
  2. 1991VEI 5Teramati
    1991-08-08 – 1991-10-27
    NW caldera rim and SW caldera floor
  3. 1971VEI 3Teramati
    1971-08-12 – 1971-09-18
    NW part of caldera
  4. 1891VEI ?Teramati
    1891 – Berlangsung
  5. 1740 (±150 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1740 – Berlangsung
  6. 860 (±100 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    860 – Berlangsung
  7. 390 (±150 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    390 – Berlangsung
  8. 120 SM (±200 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 120 – Berlangsung
  9. 790 SM (±75 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 790 – Berlangsung
  10. 1890 SMVEI 6Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 1890 – Berlangsung
  11. 2250 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2250 – Berlangsung
  12. 3890 SM (±500 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3890 – Berlangsung
  13. 4750 SMVEI 6Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 4750 – Berlangsung
  14. 4960 SM (±150 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 4960 – Berlangsung
  15. 8010 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 8010 – Berlangsung

Tautan eksternal

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