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Gunung Mont Pelee

Pelee

Stratovolkan · France · 1372 m

Mount Pelée towers above the city of St. Pierre in northern Martinique a century after the catastrophic eruption that destroyed the city in 1902. Pelée is the most active volcano of the Lesser Antilles arc, with more than 20 major eruptions during the past 5000 years. Lava domes formed during the 1902 eruption and one in 1929 form the present summit, which was constructed within a large scarp visible on the lower left horizon that formed when the volcano collapsed about 9000 years ago.
Mount Pelée towers above the city of St. Pierre in northern Martinique a century after the catastrophic eruption that destroyed the city in 1902. Pelée is the most active volcano of the Lesser Antilles arc, with more than 20 major eruptions during the past 5000 years. Lava domes formed during the 1902 eruption and one in 1929 form the present summit, which was constructed within a large scarp visible on the lower left horizon that formed when the volcano collapsed about 9000 years ago. · Foto: Photo by Lee Siebert, 2002 (Smithsonian Institution). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Stratovolkan
Negara
France
Wilayah
Middle America-Caribbean Volcanic Regions / Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc
Ketinggian
1372 m
Koordinat
14.809, -61.166
Letusan terakhir
1932
Kondisi tektonik
Subduction zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Bentuk lahan
Composite
Batuan utama
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Ringkasan geologi

Montagne Pelée forms the northern end of the island of Martinique. Three major edifice failures since the late Pleistocene, the last about 9,000 years ago, have left large scarps open to the SW inside which the modern volcano has been constructed. More than 20 large eruptions have occurred here during the past 5,000 years. Extensive pyroclastic-flow deposits, incised by steep-walled ravines, mantle the slopes of the volcano. The l'Etang Sec summit crater is filled by two lava domes emplaced during the 1902 and 1929 eruptions. Moderate phreatic or phreatomagmatic eruptions in the Upper Rivière Claire valley were recorded in 1792 and 1851-52. The catastrophic 1902 eruption, which destroyed the city of St. Pierre, became the type-example of Pelean eruptions and marked the onset of modern volcanological studies of pyroclastic density currents.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Ringkasan Inggris

Mount Pelée or Mont Pelée is an active stratovolcano at the northern end of Martinique, an island and French overseas department in the Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc of the Caribbean. Its volcanic cone is composed of stratified layers of hardened ash and solidified lava. Its most recent eruption was in 1932.

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Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
8210 BCE~7872 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 47872 BCE~7534 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?7534 BCE~7196 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?7196 BCE~6858 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?6858 BCE~6520 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 46520 BCE~6182 BCE · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 45844 BCE~5506 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?5506 BCE~5168 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 44830 BCE~4492 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?4154 BCE~3816 BCE · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 43816 BCE~3478 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 43478 BCE~3140 BCE · 3 letusan · VEI maks. 43140 BCE~2803 BCE · 2 letusan · VEI maks. ?2803 BCE~2465 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 42465 BCE~2127 BCE · 4 letusan · VEI maks. 42127 BCE~1789 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1451 BCE~1113 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1113 BCE~775 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?775 BCE~437 BCE · 5 letusan · VEI maks. 4437 BCE~99 BCE · 2 letusan · VEI maks. 499 BCE~239 · 4 letusan · VEI maks. 4239~577 · 3 letusan · VEI maks. 4577~915 · 4 letusan · VEI maks. 4915~1253 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1253~1591 · 4 letusan · VEI maks. 41591~1929 · 5 letusan · VEI maks. 48210 BCE5844 BCE3140 BCE775 BCE1591

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 1929VEI 3Teramati
    1929-09-16 – 1932-12-01
  2. 1902VEI 4Teramati
    1902-04-23 – 1905-10-05
    Rivière Blanche and summit crater
  3. 1851VEI 2Teramati
    1851-08-05 – 1852-02-01
    Upper Rivière Claire valley (900 m elevation)
  4. 1792VEI 1Teramati
    1792-01-22 – 1792-04
    Upper Rivière Claire valley
  5. 1635VEI ?Teramati
    1635 – Berlangsung
  6. 1460 (±20 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1460 – Berlangsung
  7. 1370VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1370 – Berlangsung
  8. 1340 (±50 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    1340 – Berlangsung
  9. 1260 (±20 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1260 – Berlangsung
  10. 1190VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1190 – Berlangsung
  11. 910VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    910 – Berlangsung
  12. 890 (±100 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    890 – Berlangsung
  13. 720VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    720 – Berlangsung
  14. 650VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    650 – Berlangsung
  15. 450VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    450 – Berlangsung
  16. 350 (±75 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    350 – Berlangsung
  17. 300VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    300 – Berlangsung
  18. 220 (±75 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    220 – Berlangsung
  19. 130VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    130 – Berlangsung
  20. 50VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    50 – Berlangsung
  21. 10 (±50 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    10 – Berlangsung
  22. 200 SMVEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 200 – Berlangsung
  23. 300 SM (±100 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 300 – Berlangsung
  24. 440 SMVEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 440 – Berlangsung
  25. 590 SM (±200 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 590 – Berlangsung
  26. 600 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 600 – Berlangsung
  27. 620 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 620 – Berlangsung
  28. 730 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 730 – Berlangsung
  29. 890 SM (±50 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 890 – Berlangsung
  30. 1390 SM (±150 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 1390 – Berlangsung
  31. 2100 SM (±200 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2100 – Berlangsung
  32. 2280 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2280 – Berlangsung
  33. 2360 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2360 – Berlangsung
  34. 2430 SMVEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2430 – Berlangsung
  35. 2460 SM (±100 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2460 – Berlangsung
  36. 2660 SM (±200 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2660 – Berlangsung
  37. 3020 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3020 – Berlangsung
  38. 3120 SM (±200 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3120 – Berlangsung
  39. 3250 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3250 – Berlangsung
  40. 3290 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3290 – Berlangsung
  41. 3430 SM (±75 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3430 – Berlangsung
  42. 3500 SM (±200 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3500 – Berlangsung
  43. 3820 SMVEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3820 – Berlangsung
  44. 3930 SM (±100 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3930 – Berlangsung
  45. 4510 SM (±500 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 4510 – Berlangsung
  46. 5500 SM (±200 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 5500 – Berlangsung
  47. 5800 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 5800 – Berlangsung
  48. 6220 SM (±200 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 6220 – Berlangsung
    Vent slightly south of present summit
  49. 6450 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 6450 – Berlangsung
    Vent slightly south of present summit
  50. 6610 SM (±150 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 6610 – Berlangsung
  51. 7050 SM (±1000 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 7050 – Berlangsung
    ESE flank (Sans Nom lava dome)
  52. 7320 SM (±1730 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 7320 – Berlangsung
  53. 7750 SM (±500 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 7750 – Berlangsung
    ESE flank (Aileron lava dome)
  54. 8210 SM (±200 tahun)VEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 8210 – Berlangsung

Tautan eksternal

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