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Jólnir

Vestmannaeyjar

Rekahan erupsi · Iceland · 283 m

The island of Heimaey, about 10 km off the south coast of Iceland, is part of the Vestmannaeyjar volcanic system, which comprises numerous islands and submarine vents. Heimaey probably formed in the Holocene, through numerous eruptions. Here, an ash-laden eruption plume rises above a volcanic cone behind the town of Vestmannaeyjar in 1973. The water pumping operation in the foreground was designed to cool the front of an advancing lava flow that threatened the town and its harbor.
The island of Heimaey, about 10 km off the south coast of Iceland, is part of the Vestmannaeyjar volcanic system, which comprises numerous islands and submarine vents. Heimaey probably formed in the Holocene, through numerous eruptions. Here, an ash-laden eruption plume rises above a volcanic cone behind the town of Vestmannaeyjar in 1973. The water pumping operation in the foreground was designed to cool the front of an advancing lava flow that threatened the town and its harbor. · Foto: Photo by Jack Lockwood, 1973 (U.S. Geological Survey). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Rekahan erupsi
Negara
Iceland
Wilayah
Atlantic Ocean Volcanic Regions / Iceland Neovolcanic Rift Volcanic Province
Ketinggian
283 m
Koordinat
63.416, -20.266
Letusan terakhir
1973
Kondisi tektonik
Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Bentuk lahan
Cluster
Batuan utama
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Ringkasan geologi

The mostly submarine Vestmannaeyjar volcanic system is the southernmost and youngest volcanic center of the Eastern Volcanic Zone that cuts across E-central Iceland. It consists of a roughly 30 x 40 km group of basaltic islands and submarine cones occupying a shallow shelf off the S coast of Iceland, and was the site of two of Iceland's most noted 20th-century eruptions. The island of Surtsey grew from the ocean floor during 1963-67. The island of Heimaey, 20 km to the NE, was the site of eruptions in 1973, during which lava flows partially overran the town of Vestmannaeyjar and threatened its harbor. Twenty-two postglacial eruption sites are known, and all ten subaerial vents on Heimaey are of Holocene age.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Jólnir dulunya adalah sebuah pulau vulkanik di selatan Islandia. Ini adalah bekas lubang ventilasi Surtsey, bersama dengan Syrtlingur dan Surtla. Pulau ini muncul dari laut sebagai akibat dari tektonika lempeng aktif antara Desember 1965 dan Juli 1966. Siklus erosi samudra menggerus lava saat lava baru terbentuk dan pulau ini beberapa kali tenggelam di bawah permukaan laut.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Baca artikel lengkap →

Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
8050 BCE~7716 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 47716 BCE~7382 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 36379 BCE~6045 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?4709 BCE~4375 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?4375 BCE~4041 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 34041 BCE~3707 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1305~1639 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. ?1639~1973 · 3 letusan · VEI maks. 38050 BCE5711 BCE3038 BCE700 BCE1639

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 1973VEI 3Teramati
    1973-01-23 – 1973-06-28
    Heimaey (Eldfell)
  2. 1963VEI 3Teramati
    1963-11-08 – 1967-06-05
    Surtsey
  3. 1896VEI ?Teramati
    1896-09 – Berlangsung
    South or SE of Hellisey
  4. 1637VEI ?Teramati
    1637-10 – 1638-02-28
    SW of Heimaey ?
  5. 3950 SM (±300 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 3950 – Berlangsung
    Heimaey (Helgafell)
  6. 4270 SM (±200 tahun)VEI 3Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 4270 – Berlangsung
    Heimaey (Saefell tuff cone)
  7. 4550 SM (±500 tahun)VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 4550 – Berlangsung
    Heimaey (Stórhöfdi tuff cone)
  8. 6050 SMVEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 6050 – Berlangsung
    Alsey, Brandur, Sudurey, Hellisey
  9. 7550 SMVEI 3Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 7550 – Berlangsung
    NW Heimaey (Nordurklettar)
  10. 8050 SMVEI 4Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 8050 – Berlangsung
    NW Heimaey (Háin tuff ring)

Tautan eksternal

⚠ Untuk referensi saja. Bukan untuk tanggap darurat.