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Gunung Erebus

Erebus

Stratovolkan · Antarctica · 3794 m

Mount Erebus is seen here from the SW near the McMurdo research station on Ross Island and the world's southernmost active volcano. The summit has a 500 x 600 m wide, 110-m-deep crater that contains an active lava lake. The glaciated volcano was erupting when first sighted by Captain James Ross in 1841. Continuous lava lake activity has been documented since 1972, punctuated by occasional Strombolian explosions that eject bombs onto the crater rim.
Mount Erebus is seen here from the SW near the McMurdo research station on Ross Island and the world's southernmost active volcano. The summit has a 500 x 600 m wide, 110-m-deep crater that contains an active lava lake. The glaciated volcano was erupting when first sighted by Captain James Ross in 1841. Continuous lava lake activity has been documented since 1972, punctuated by occasional Strombolian explosions that eject bombs onto the crater rim. · Foto: Photo by Richard Waitt, 1972 (U.S. Geological Survey). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipe
Stratovolkan
Negara
Antarctica
Wilayah
Antarktika & Scotia / McMurdo Volcanic Province
Ketinggian
3794 m
Koordinat
-77.530, 167.170
Letusan terakhir
2026
Kondisi tektonik
Intraplate / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Bentuk lahan
Composite
Batuan utama
Phonolite
Ringkasan geologi

Mount Erebus overlooks the McMurdo research station on Ross Island and is the largest of three major volcanoes forming the roughly triangular Ross Island. The summit of the dominantly phonolitic volcano has been modified by one or two generations of caldera formation. A summit plateau at about 3,200 m elevation marks the rim of the youngest caldera, which formed during the late-Pleistocene and within which the modern cone was constructed. An elliptical 500 x 600 m, 110-m-deep crater truncates the summit and contains an active lava lake within a 250-m-wide, 100-m-deep inner crater; other lava lakes are sometimes present. The glacier-covered volcano was erupting when first sighted by Captain James Ross in 1841. A persistent lava-lake, with minor explosions punctuated by occasional larger Strombolian explosions that eject bombs onto the crater rim, has been documented since 1972, but nearly continuous activity has probably been occurring for much longer.

Ringkasan Wikipedia

Ringkasan Inggris

Mount Erebus is the southernmost active volcano on Earth, located on Ross Island in the Ross Dependency in Antarctica. With a summit elevation of 3,792 metres (12,441 ft), it is the second most prominent mountain in Antarctica and the second-highest volcano in Antarctica. It is the highest point on Ross Island, which is also home to three inactive volcanoes: Mount Terror, Mount Bird, and Mount Terra Nova. It makes Ross Island the sixth-highest island on Earth by highest point.

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Riwayat letusan

Ringkasan (VEI dari waktu ke waktu)
Klik pada bar untuk melihat letusan individu
8050 BCE~7716 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 07382 BCE~7048 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 04709 BCE~4375 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 04375 BCE~4041 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 03039 BCE~2705 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 02371 BCE~2037 BCE · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 0636~970 · 1 letusan · VEI maks. 01638~1972 · 15 letusan · VEI maks. 28050 BCE5712 BCE3039 BCE701 BCE1638

Garis waktu rinci

  1. 1972VEI 1Teramati
    1972-01-03 – Berlangsung
  2. 1972VEI 2Teramati
    1972-12-16 – 2026-03-17
  3. 1963VEI 0Teramati
    1963-11-16 – Berlangsung
  4. 1957VEI ?Perkiraan geologi
    1957-07-02 – 1958-07-02
  5. 1955VEI 2Teramati
    1955-07-02 – Berlangsung
  6. 1947VEI 2Teramati
    1947-02-16 – Berlangsung
  7. 1915VEI 2Teramati
    1915-03-22 – Berlangsung
  8. 1915VEI 2Teramati
    1915-08-16 – Berlangsung
  9. 1912VEI 2Teramati
    1912-12-12 – Berlangsung
  10. 1911VEI 2Teramati
    1911-04-16 – 1911-06-16
  11. 1911VEI 2Teramati
    1911-10-16 – Berlangsung
  12. 1908VEI 2Teramati
    1908-03-16 – 1908-11-16
  13. 1903VEI 0Teramati
    1903-01-01 – Berlangsung
  14. 1900VEI 2Perkiraan geologi
    1900-02-16 – Berlangsung
  15. 1841VEI 1Teramati
    1841-01-28 – 1841-02-16
  16. 950 (±4000 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    950 – Berlangsung
  17. 2050 SM (±3000 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2050 – Berlangsung
    Western Crater (Upper Ice Tower flow)
  18. 2950 SM (±300 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 2950 – Berlangsung
    North flank (Lower Hut lava flow)
  19. 4050 SM (±500 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 4050 – Berlangsung
    Lower Ice Tower Ridge, S lava flows
  20. 4550 SM (±500 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 4550 – Berlangsung
    NE flank
  21. 7050 SM (±2000 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 7050 – Berlangsung
    NW flank
  22. 8050 SM (±5000 tahun)VEI 0Perkiraan geologi
    BCE 8050 – Berlangsung
    NNW flank

Tautan eksternal

⚠ Untuk referensi saja. Bukan untuk tanggap darurat.