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Etna

Stratovulcano · Italy · 3357 m

Etna is Europe's highest volcano, towering above the city of Taormina on its NE flank. One of the world's longest documented historical records continues, dating back to the 2nd millennium BCE. Historical lava flows cover much of the surface of this 40 x 60 km wide basaltic stratovolcano and extend to the sea. Eruptions occur both from persistently active summit craters and intermittently from flank fissures and cones.
Etna is Europe's highest volcano, towering above the city of Taormina on its NE flank. One of the world's longest documented historical records continues, dating back to the 2nd millennium BCE. Historical lava flows cover much of the surface of this 40 x 60 km wide basaltic stratovolcano and extend to the sea. Eruptions occur both from persistently active summit craters and intermittently from flank fissures and cones. · Foto: Photo by Jean-Claude Tanguy, 1991 (University of Paris). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Stratovulcano
Paese
Italy
Regione
European Volcanic Regions / Sicily Volcanic Province
Altitudine
3357 m
Coordinate
37.748, 14.999
Ultima eruzione
2026
Contesto tettonico
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Forma vulcanica
Composite
Roccia principale
Trachybasalt / Tephrite Basanite
Sintesi geologica

Mount Etna, towering above Catania on the island of Sicily, has one of the world's longest documented records of volcanism, dating back to 1500 BCE. Historical lava flows of basaltic composition cover much of the surface of this massive volcano, whose edifice is the highest and most voluminous in Italy. The Mongibello stratovolcano, truncated by several small calderas, was constructed during the late Pleistocene and Holocene over an older shield volcano. The most prominent morphological feature of Etna is the Valle del Bove, a 5 x 10 km caldera open to the east. Two styles of eruptive activity typically occur, sometimes simultaneously. Persistent explosive eruptions, sometimes with minor lava emissions, take place from one or more summit craters. Flank vents, typically with higher effusion rates, are less frequently active and originate from fissures that open progressively downward from near the summit (usually accompanied by Strombolian eruptions at the upper end). Cinder cones are commonly constructed over the vents of lower-flank lava flows. Lava flows extend to the foot of the volcano on all sides and have reached the sea over a broad area on the SE flank.

Sintesi da Wikipedia

L'Etna o Mongibello è uno stratovulcano complesso della Sicilia originatosi nel Quaternario, ed è il più alto vulcano attivo della placca euroasiatica. Le sue frequenti eruzioni nel corso del tempo hanno modificato, a volte anche profondamente, il paesaggio circostante e in tante occasioni hanno costituito una minaccia per gli insediamenti abitativi nati nel tempo alle sue pendici. Il 21 giugno 2013, la XXXVII sessione del Comitato UNESCO ha inserito l'Etna nell'elenco dei beni costituenti il Patrimonio dell'umanità.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · Leggi l'articolo completo →

Storia delle eruzioni

Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni
6190 BCE~5916 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?5369 BCE~5095 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?4274 BCE~4000 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?3726 BCE~3453 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?3453 BCE~3179 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?3179 BCE~2905 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?2358 BCE~2084 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?2084 BCE~1810 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?1537 BCE~1263 BCE · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 51263 BCE~989 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?989 BCE~715 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?715 BCE~442 BCE · 3 eruzioni · VEI max. ?442 BCE~168 BCE · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. ?168 BCE~106 · 15 eruzioni · VEI max. 5106~380 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 3380~653 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. ?653~927 · 4 eruzioni · VEI max. ?927~1201 · 8 eruzioni · VEI max. 21201~1475 · 11 eruzioni · VEI max. 31475~1748 · 29 eruzioni · VEI max. 31748~2022 · 83 eruzioni · VEI max. 46190 BCE4274 BCE2084 BCE168 BCE1748

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 2022VEI 2Osservata
    2022-11-27 – 2026-01-12
    Southeast Crater
  2. 2013VEI 3Osservata
    2013-09-03 – 2022-06-17
    New Southeast Crater (NSEC)
  3. 2010VEI 1Osservata
    2010-04-08 – 2010-04-08
    SEC (South-East Crater)
  4. 2010VEI 3Osservata
    2010-08-25 – 2013-04-27
    Bocca Nuova (BN)
  5. 2007VEI 2Osservata
    2007-03-19 – 2009-07-04
    Bocca Nuova, SE Crater and flank vents
  6. 2006VEI 2Osservata
    2006-07-14 – 2006-12-15
    SE Crater & flank vents; NE Crater
  7. 2005VEI 1Osservata
    2005-12-16 – 2005-12-22
    Bocca Nuova
  8. 2004VEI 1Osservata
    2004-02-12 – 2004-02-14
    Central Crater
  9. 2004VEI 1Osservata
    2004-09-07 – 2005-03-08
    SE Crater, SE flank (3000-2320 m)
  10. 2001VEI 1Osservata
    2001-12-16 – 2003-11-09
    Central Crater, NE Crater
  11. 1994VEI 3Osservata
    1994-06-17 – 2001-08-09
    Central Crater, NE Crater, SE Crater
  12. 1993VEI 1Osservata
    1993-08-03 – 1993-10-13
    Central Crater, NE Crater
  13. 1979VEI 2Osservata
    1979-07-03 – 1993-03-30
    Central Crater
  14. 1971VEI 2Osservata
    1971-09-19 – 1979-03-16
    Central Crater
  15. 1966VEI 2Osservata
    1966-01-10 – 1971-06-12
    NE Crater, Central Crater
  16. 1959VEI 1Osservata
    1959-03-23 – 1959-04-25
    Central Crater
  17. 1959VEI 3Osservata
    1959-10-17 – 1964-12-31
    Central and NE Craters, NNE (3100 m)
  18. 1958VEI 1Osservata
    1958-11-16 – 1958-12-16
    NE Crater, Central Crater
  19. 1957VEI 2Osservata
    1957-02-05 – 1957-05-07
    NE Crater
  20. 1957VEI 2Osservata
    1957-08-25 – 1958-05-03
    NE Crater
  21. 1955VEI 2Osservata
    1955-04-05 – 1956-04-07
    NE Crater, Central Crater
  22. 1953VEI 2Stima geologica
    1953-07-30 – In corso
  23. 1949VEI 2Osservata
    1949-12-02 – 1952-05-30
    Central Crater and NW flank (2420-1900 m)
  24. 1947VEI 3Osservata
    1947-01-29 – 1947-03-10
    NE Crater, Central Crater
  25. 1946VEI 1Osservata
    1946-02 – 1946-10
    NE Crater
  26. 1945VEI 1Osservata
    1945-06-05 – 1945-10
    NE Crater
  27. 1941VEI 2Osservata
    1941-10 – 1944-04-26
    Central Crater, NE Crater
  28. 1935VEI 3Osservata
    1935-07-07 – 1941-01-27
    Central Crater, NE Crater
  29. 1934VEI 1Osservata
    1934-01-05 – 1934-03
    NE Crater
  30. 1931VEI 2Osservata
    1931-07-26 – 1933-09
    Central Crater, NE Crater
  31. 1930VEI 1Osservata
    1930-11-01 – In corso
    NE Crater
  32. 1929VEI 1Osservata
    1929-08-02 – In corso
    NE Crater
  33. 1928VEI 1Osservata
    1928-07-31 – 1928-11-20
    Central Crater
  34. 1926VEI 1Osservata
    1926-01-02 – 1926-06
    NE Crater
  35. 1919VEI 2Osservata
    1919-03-15 – 1925-02
    Central Crater, NE Crater
  36. 1918VEI 2Osservata
    1918-03 – 1918-12-01
    NE Crater, Central Crater
  37. 1917VEI 2Osservata
    1917-06-24 – 1917-07-05
    NE Crater, Central Crater
  38. 1913VEI 2Osservata
    1913-11-13 – 1917-03
    Central Crater, NE Crater
  39. 1912VEI 3Osservata
    1912-08-04 – 1912-08
    Central Crater
  40. 1911VEI 2Osservata
    1911-08 – 1911-09-26
    Central Crater, NE Crater?
  41. 1910VEI 1Osservata
    1910-02-21 – 1910-04-18
    Central Crater
  42. 1910VEI 2Osservata
    1910-12-27 – 1911-02-17
    Central Crater
  43. 1908VEI 2Osservata
    1908-04-29 – 1909-09-28
    SE flank (Valle del Bove 2800-2275 m)
  44. 1899VEI 3Osservata
    1899-07-19 – 1899-08-05
    Central Crater
  45. 1899VEI 2Osservata
    1899-11-15 – 1907-08
  46. 1893VEI 1Osservata
    1893-04-26 – 1898-06
    Central Crater
  47. 1892VEI 2Osservata
    1892-06-20 – 1892-12-29
    Central Crater
  48. 1891VEI 2Osservata
    1891-02-20 – 1891-12
    Central Crater
  49. 1890VEI 2Osservata
    1890-05 – 1890-10-17
    Central Crater
  50. 1888VEI 2Osservata
    1888-04-13 – 1889-08
    Central Crater
  51. 1887VEI 1Osservata
    1887-05-31 – 1887-08
    Central Crater
  52. 1884VEI 1Osservata
    1884 – 1886-06-07
    Central Crater
  53. 1878VEI 2Osservata
    1878-12-23 – 1883-03-31
    Central Crater
  54. 1874VEI 2Osservata
    1874-05 – In corso
    Central Crater
  55. 1874VEI 2Osservata
    1874-08-29 – 1874-08-31
    North flank (2520-2110 m), Central Crater
  56. 1869VEI 0Osservata
    1869-09-26 – 1869-09-26
    East flank (W wall of Valle del Bove)
  57. 1868VEI 3Osservata
    1868-11-26 – 1868-12-08
    Central Crater
  58. 1865VEI 2Osservata
    1865-01-30 – 1865-06-28
    NE flank (1865-1690 m, Mt. Sartorius)
  59. 1864VEI 2Osservata
    1864-08-05 – 1864-09-19
    Central Crater
  60. 1863VEI 3Osservata
    1863-05-01 – 1863-07-25
    Central Crater
  61. 1857VEI 1Stima geologica
    1857-09-06 – In corso
    Central Crater
  62. 1852VEI 2Osservata
    1852-08-20 – 1853-05-27
    East (Valle del Bove 1950-1700 m)
  63. 1843VEI 2Osservata
    1843-11-17 – 1843-12-16
    West flank (2400-1900 m), Central Crater
  64. 1842VEI 2Osservata
    1842-11-18 – 1842-12-29
    Central Crater (south & east slopes)
  65. 1838VEI 2Osservata
    1838-07-08 – 1839-02
    Central Crater
  66. 1832VEI 2Osservata
    1832-10-31 – 1832-11-22
    SSE, W flanks (3000-1700? m), Mt. Nunziata
  67. 1820VEI 2Osservata
    1820-12 – 1833
    Central Crater
  68. 1819VEI 2Osservata
    1819-05-27 – 1819-08-05
    Valle del Bove 2850-2375 m, Central Crater
  69. 1816VEI 0Stima geologica
    1816-03-06 – In corso
    Offshore from Aci-Castello
  70. 1811VEI 2Osservata
    1811-10-27 – 1812-05
    East (Valle del Bove 3000-1975 m)
  71. 1809VEI 2Osservata
    1809-03-27 – 1809-04-09
    Central Crater, N & NE flanks (3000-1325 m)
  72. 1803VEI 2Osservata
    1803-01-01 – 1819
    Central Crater
  73. 1802VEI 2Osservata
    1802-11-15 – 1802-11-18
    Central Crater, E flank (1950-1700 m)
  74. 1793VEI 3Osservata
    1793 – 1802
    Central Crater
  75. 1792VEI 2Osservata
    1792-03 – 1793-05-26
    Central Crater, west slope
  76. 1791VEI 2Osservata
    1791-02 – 1791-09
    Central Crater
  77. 1787VEI 4Osservata
    1787-06-04 – 1787-08-11
    Central Crater
  78. 1781VEI 2Osservata
    1781-03 – 1781-05-10
    Central Crater
  79. 1780VEI 2Osservata
    1780-04-20 – 1780-07
    Summit, S & SSW flanks (2360-1850 m)
  80. 1776VEI ?Osservata
    1776 – In corso
    Central Crater
  81. 1770VEI ?Stima geologica
    1770-05-28 – In corso
    Central Crater
  82. 1767VEI ?Osservata
    1767-05-02 – In corso
    Central Crater
  83. 1766VEI 2Osservata
    1766-04-27 – 1766-11-06
    South flank (2100-1950 m, M. Calcarazzi)
  84. 1732VEI 2Osservata
    1732-12-09 – 1765
    Central Crater
  85. 1727VEI 2Osservata
    1727-11-22 – 1728-05-10
    Central Crater (SW slope)
  86. 1723VEI 2Stima geologica
    1723-11-22 – 1724-05
  87. 1702VEI 1Osservata
    1702-03-08 – 1702-05-08
    East flank (Valle del Bove, 2075-1875 m)
  88. 1693VEI ?Stima geologica
    1693-01-09 – In corso
  89. 1693VEI 3Osservata
    1693-12 – 1694-11
    Central Crater
  90. 1689VEI 1Osservata
    1689-03-14 – In corso
    East flank (Valle del Bove, 2300 m?)
  91. 1688VEI 1Osservata
    1688 – In corso
    East slope of Central Crater
  92. 1682VEI 2Osservata
    1682-09-01 – 1682-10
    East flank (Valle del Bove, 2900 m)
  93. 1669VEI 3Osservata
    1669-03-11 – 1669-07-11
    S flank (950-625 m, Monti Rossi)
  94. 1654VEI 1Osservata
    1654-01-01 – 1656
    Central Crater
  95. 1651VEI 1Osservata
    1651-01-17 – 1653-07
    West (2600-1770 m), east (1875-1815 m)
  96. 1646VEI 2Osservata
    1646-11-20 – 1647-01-17
    NNE (2000 m, 1800 m), Mt. Nero
  97. 1643VEI 1Osservata
    1643-02-20 – 1643-02-28
    N flank (2100-1275 m), Monte Pomiciaro
  98. 1634VEI 1Osservata
    1634-12-19 – 1638-04-27
    SE (2100-1950 m), Little Mt. Pecorara
  99. 1633VEI ?Stima geologica
    1633-02-21 – In corso
    Central Crater
  100. 1614VEI 2Osservata
    1614-07-01 – 1624
    NNE flank (2800-2400 m), Monti Deserti
  101. 1610VEI 2Osservata
    1610-02-06 – 1610-08-15
    SW flank (2500-1700 m)
  102. 1607VEI 2Osservata
    1607-06-28 – 1608
    SW flank (2250-1950 m)?
  103. 1603VEI 2Osservata
    1603-07 – 1610
    Central Crater (SW and S slope)
  104. 1579VEI ?Osservata
    1579-09-09 – 1580
    SE flank
  105. 1578VEI ?Stima geologica
    1578 – In corso
  106. 1566VEI 2Osservata
    1566-11-01 – 1566-12
    NE flank
  107. 1554VEI 2Stima geologica
    1554 – In corso
  108. 1541VEI 2Osservata
    1541-07 – In corso
  109. 1540VEI 1Osservata
    1540-07 – In corso
  110. 1537VEI 2Osservata
    1537-03 – 1537-07
    Summit, south flank (1800-1500 m)
  111. 1536VEI 3Osservata
    1536-03-22 – 1536-12
    Summit, S, N & W flanks (1400-2500 m)
  112. 1493VEI 1Osservata
    1493 – 1500
  113. 1447VEI 1Osservata
    1447-09-21 – In corso
  114. 1446VEI 1Osservata
    1446-09-25 – In corso
    East (Valle del Bove, 1630 or 1825 m)
  115. 1444VEI 2Osservata
    1444 – In corso
    South (N of Mt. Arso and 950 m)
  116. 1408VEI 3Osservata
    1408-11-08 – 1408-11-25
    Summit, south flank (M. Piniteddu)
  117. 1381VEI 2Osservata
    1381-08-05 – In corso
    SSE (370 m), Mts. Pomiciari, Arsi?
  118. 1350VEI 2Osservata
    1350 – In corso
  119. 1333VEI 2Osservata
    1333 – In corso
  120. 1329VEI 3Osservata
    1329-06-28 – 1329-08-04
    SE flank
  121. 1284VEI ?Osservata
    1284 – 1285-01
    East flank (Valle del Bove)
  122. 1250VEI 2Osservata
    1250 – In corso
  123. 1224VEI ?Osservata
    1224-08 – In corso
    SE flank
  124. 1194VEI 2Osservata
    1194 – In corso
  125. 1169VEI ?Stima geologica
    1169-02-04 – In corso
  126. 1164VEI 2Osservata
    1164 – In corso
  127. 1160VEI 2Osservata
    1160 – In corso
  128. 1157VEI 2Osservata
    1157 – In corso
  129. 1063 (±1 anni)VEI ?Osservata
    1063 – In corso
    WSW flank (1500 m) ?
  130. 1044VEI ?Stima geologica
    1044 – In corso
  131. 1004VEI ?Stima geologica
    1004 – In corso
  132. 911VEI ?Stima geologica
    911 – In corso
  133. 859VEI ?Stima geologica
    859 – In corso
  134. 814VEI ?Stima geologica
    814 – In corso
  135. 812VEI ?Stima geologica
    812 – In corso
    South flank (1200 m, S of Mt. Sona)
  136. 644VEI ?Stima geologica
    644 – In corso
  137. 417VEI ?Osservata
    417 – In corso
  138. 252VEI 3Osservata
    252-02-01 – 252-02-09
    South flank (Monpeloso)
  139. 100 (±100 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    100 – In corso
  140. 80VEI ?Stima geologica
    80 – In corso
  141. 39 (±1 anni)VEI ?Osservata
    39 – In corso
  142. 10VEI ?Osservata
    10 – 20
  143. 10 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 10 – In corso
  144. 32 a.C.VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 32-12-31 – In corso
  145. 36 a.C.VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 36-07-15 – BCE 35
    East side ?
  146. 44 a.C.VEI 3Osservata
    BCE 44-03 – In corso
  147. 49 a.C.VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 49 – In corso
    West flank and summit ?
  148. 56 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 56 – In corso
  149. 61 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 61 – In corso
  150. 122 a.C.VEI 5Osservata
    BCE 122 – In corso
    S flank, summit (Cratere del Piano caldera)
  151. 126 a.C.VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 126-06 – In corso
  152. 135 a.C.VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 135 – In corso
  153. 141 a.C.VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 141-12-31 – In corso
  154. 396 a.C.VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 396-04-15 – In corso
    SE flank (700 m, Monte Gorna)
  155. 425 a.C.VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 425-03-15 – BCE 424
    South flank (Monte Arso)
  156. 479 a.C.VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 479-08 – BCE 475
    South flank ?
  157. 565 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 565 – In corso
  158. 695 a.C. (±2 anni)VEI ?Osservata
    BCE 695 – In corso
    South ?, Mt. Mompilieri ?
  159. 735 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 735 – In corso
  160. 1050 a.C. (±75 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 1050 – In corso
    South flank (Monte Salto del Cane)
  161. 1420 a.C. (±75 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 1420 – In corso
  162. 1500 a.C. (±50 anni)VEI 5Osservata
    BCE 1500 – In corso
  163. 1980 a.C. (±50 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 1980 – In corso
  164. 2330 a.C. (±100 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 2330 – In corso
  165. 3050 a.C. (±150 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 3050 – In corso
  166. 3390 a.C. (±50 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 3390 – In corso
  167. 3510 a.C. (±150 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 3510 – In corso
  168. 4150 a.C. (±150 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 4150 – In corso
  169. 5150 a.C. (±150 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 5150 – In corso
  170. 6190 a.C. (±200 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 6190 – In corso

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⚠ Solo a scopo informativo. Non adatto a situazioni di emergenza.