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Erta Ale

Vulcano a scudo · Ethiopia · 585 m

The summit of Erta Ale contains a 0.7 x 1.6 km elliptical caldera containing pit craters. A plume rises from the N pit at the left, and a lava lake was active in the center pit crater at the time of this February 2002 view from the S. It is an isolated basaltic shield volcano that is the most active volcano in Ethiopia. Recent basaltic lava flows fill much of the caldera and have overflowed its rim on the southern side. One, or sometimes two, long-term lava lakes have been active since at least 1967.
The summit of Erta Ale contains a 0.7 x 1.6 km elliptical caldera containing pit craters. A plume rises from the N pit at the left, and a lava lake was active in the center pit crater at the time of this February 2002 view from the S. It is an isolated basaltic shield volcano that is the most active volcano in Ethiopia. Recent basaltic lava flows fill much of the caldera and have overflowed its rim on the southern side. One, or sometimes two, long-term lava lakes have been active since at least 1967. · Foto: Photo by Jürg Alean, 2002 (Kantonsschule Zürcher Unterland, Bülach, Switzerland). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Vulcano a scudo
Paese
Ethiopia
Regione
Africa orientale / Afar Rift Volcanic Province
Altitudine
585 m
Coordinate
13.601, 40.666
Ultima eruzione
2025
Contesto tettonico
Rift zone / Intermediate crust (15-25 km)
Forma vulcanica
Shield
Roccia principale
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Sintesi geologica

The Erta Ale basaltic shield volcano in Ethiopia has a 50-km-wide edifice that rises more than 600 m from below sea level in the Danakil depression. The volcano includes a 0.7 x 1.6 km summit crater hosting steep-sided pit craters. Another larger 1.8 x 3.1 km wide depression elongated parallel to the trend of the Erta Ale range is located SE of the summit and is bounded by curvilinear fault scarps on the SE side. Basaltic lava flows from these fissures have poured into the caldera and locally overflowed its rim. The summit caldera usually also holds at least one long-term lava lake that has been active since at least 1967, and possibly since 1906. Recent fissure eruptions have occurred on the N flank.

Sintesi da Wikipedia

Riassunto in inglese

Erta Ale is a continuously active shield volcano in the Afar Region of northeastern Ethiopia, which is itself part of the wider Afar Triangle. The volcano is located in the Danakil Depression, an area on the border between Ethiopia and Eritrea that is below sea level. It is composed of basalt, and it is the most active of the volcanoes in Ethiopia.

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Storia delle eruzioni

Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni
1873~1882 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 21901~1911 · 3 eruzioni · VEI max. 21939~1948 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 01958~1967 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 018731892192019391958

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 1967VEI 0Osservata
    1967-07-02 – 2025-08-07
  2. 1960VEI 0Osservata
    1960-01-16 – In corso
  3. 1940VEI 0Osservata
    1940-07-02 – In corso
  4. 1906VEI 0Osservata
    1906-05-16 – In corso
  5. 1904VEI 2Stima geologica
    1904-11-01 – In corso
  6. 1903VEI 2Stima geologica
    1903-07-02 – In corso
  7. 1873VEI 2Stima geologica
    1873-07-02 – In corso

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