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McDonald Island

McDonald Islands

Vulcano complesso · Australia · 263 m

Three small, low islands on the Kerguelen Plateau form the McDonald Islands. The largest island, McDonald, is only 1 km2 in area and around 200 m high. This April 1997 photo shows a plume at Samarang Hill (right). The Island is composed of a layered tuff plateau cut by dikes and lava domes. A possible nearby active submarine center was inferred from pumice that washed up on Heard Island in 1992. The snow-capped peak in the background is Heard volcano, 44 km to the E.
Three small, low islands on the Kerguelen Plateau form the McDonald Islands. The largest island, McDonald, is only 1 km2 in area and around 200 m high. This April 1997 photo shows a plume at Samarang Hill (right). The Island is composed of a layered tuff plateau cut by dikes and lava domes. A possible nearby active submarine center was inferred from pumice that washed up on Heard Island in 1992. The snow-capped peak in the background is Heard volcano, 44 km to the E. · Foto: Copyrighted photo by Richard Williams, 1997 (Australian Antarctic Div., published in Global Volcanism Network Bulletin).
Tipo
Vulcano complesso
Paese
Australia
Regione
Somalian-Antarctic Volcanic Regions / Kerguelen Hotspot Volcano Group
Altitudine
263 m
Coordinate
-53.039, 72.595
Ultima eruzione
2005
Contesto tettonico
Intraplate / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Forma vulcanica
Composite
Roccia principale
Phonolite
Sintesi geologica

The McDonald Islands are located on the Kerguelen Plateau about 75 km W of Heard Island. The largest island, McDonald, is composed of a layered phonolitic tuff plateau cut by phonolitic dikes and lava domes. A possible nearby active submarine center was inferred from phonolitic pumice that washed up on Heard Island in 1992. Volcanic plumes were observed in December 1996 and January 1997 from McDonald Island. During March 1997 the crew of a vessel that sailed near the island noted vigorous steaming from a vent on the N side of the island along with possible pyroclastic deposits and lava flows. A satellite image taken in November 2001 showed the island to have more than doubled in area since previous reported observations in November 2000.

Sintesi da Wikipedia

Riassunto in inglese

The McDonald Islands are an uninhabited archipelago in the southern Indian Ocean in the vicinity of Heard Island. Together with Heard Island, they make up the Australian external territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands. The McDonald Islands are the emergent peaks of submarine volcanoes and are Australian external territory. Prior to 1992, there had not been an eruption in the previous 75,000 years.

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Storia delle eruzioni

Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni
1992~1993 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 01996~1997 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 12000~2001 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 12004~2005 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 119921995199920012004

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 2005VEI 0Osservata
    2005-07-12 – In corso
  2. 2004VEI 1Stima geologica
    2004-11-14 – 2004-11-14
  3. 2001VEI 1Osservata
    2001-05-03 – In corso
  4. 1996VEI 1Osservata
    1996-12-16 – 1997-02-10
    Northern part of McDonald Island
  5. 1992VEI 0Osservata
    1992-12-16 – In corso
    Submarine vent near McDonald Islands

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