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Whakaari/White Island

Stratovulcano · New Zealand · 294 m

Steam rises from the crater of White Island (also called Whakaari), one of the most active volcanoes of New Zealand. The small, uninhabited 2 x 2.4-km-wide island lies 50 km NE of the North Island. Frequent small-to-moderate explosive eruptions have been recorded since 1826, and Maori legends record earlier eruptions. This view from the SE shows the two overlapping 0.4 x 1.2 km wide craters at the summit of the largely submerged volcano.
Steam rises from the crater of White Island (also called Whakaari), one of the most active volcanoes of New Zealand. The small, uninhabited 2 x 2.4-km-wide island lies 50 km NE of the North Island. Frequent small-to-moderate explosive eruptions have been recorded since 1826, and Maori legends record earlier eruptions. This view from the SE shows the two overlapping 0.4 x 1.2 km wide craters at the summit of the largely submerged volcano. · Foto: Copyrighted photo by Stephen O'Meara. · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Stratovulcano
Paese
New Zealand
Regione
Tonga-Kermadec Volcanic Regions / Taupo Volcanic Arc
Altitudine
294 m
Coordinate
-37.520, 177.180
Ultima eruzione
2026
Contesto tettonico
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Forma vulcanica
Composite
Roccia principale
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Sintesi geologica

The uninhabited Whakaari/White Island is the 2 x 2.4 km emergent summit of a 16 x 18 km submarine volcano in the Bay of Plenty about 50 km offshore of North Island. The island consists of two overlapping andesitic-to-dacitic stratovolcanoes. The SE side of the crater is open at sea level, with the recent activity centered about 1 km from the shore close to the rear crater wall. Volckner Rocks, sea stacks that are remnants of a lava dome, lie 5 km NW. Descriptions of volcanism since 1826 have included intermittent moderate phreatic, phreatomagmatic, and Strombolian eruptions; activity there also forms a prominent part of Maori legends. The formation of many new vents during the 19th and 20th centuries caused rapid changes in crater floor topography. Collapse of the crater wall in 1914 produced a debris avalanche that buried buildings and workers at a sulfur-mining project. Explosive activity in December 2019 took place while tourists were present, resulting in many fatalities. The official government name Whakaari/White Island is a combination of the full Maori name of Te Puia o Whakaari ("The Dramatic Volcano") and White Island (referencing the constant steam plume) given by Captain James Cook in 1769.

Sintesi da Wikipedia

Whakaari/White Island è un'isola vulcanica ed uno stratovulcano attivo situato a 48 km dall'isola del Nord della Nuova Zelanda, nella baia dell'Abbondanza. Si trova nell'arco vulcanico della zona vulcanica di Taupo e si è creato grazie ad un'attività continua negli ultimi 150.000 anni; è il vulcano conico più attivo del paese. Si registra attività vulcanica continua fin da quando James Cook avvistò l'isola nel 1769.

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Storia delle eruzioni

Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni
1826~1846 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 21846~1866 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 21866~1886 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 21886~1906 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 21906~1926 · 4 eruzioni · VEI max. 21926~1946 · 4 eruzioni · VEI max. 31946~1966 · 6 eruzioni · VEI max. 31966~1986 · 9 eruzioni · VEI max. 31986~2006 · 6 eruzioni · VEI max. 32006~2026 · 7 eruzioni · VEI max. 218261866192619662006

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 2026VEI ?Osservata
    2026-03-10 – 2026-03-24
  2. 2025VEI ?Osservata
    2025-08-28 – 2025-08-28
  3. 2024VEI 1Osservata
    2024-05-24 – 2025-05-13
  4. 2019VEI 2Osservata
    2019-12-09 – 2019-12-09
    1978/90 Crater Complex
  5. 2016VEI 1Osservata
    2016-09-13 – 2016-09-14
    2012 lava dome
  6. 2016VEI 1Osservata
    2016-04-27 – 2016-04-27
    1978/90 Crater Complex
  7. 2012VEI 2Osservata
    2012-08-07 – 2013-10-11
    1978/90 Crater Complex
  8. 2001VEI 2Osservata
    2001-02-19 – 2001-02-19
    MH vent
  9. 2000VEI 3Osservata
    2000-03-07 – 2000-09-05
    MH vent
  10. 1998VEI 1Osservata
    1998-03-28 – 1998-03-29
  11. 1998VEI 2Osservata
    1998-08-22 – 1999-08-16
    NW corner of 1978/90 crater complex
  12. 1995VEI 1Osservata
    1995-06-28 – 1995-06-29
    Wade Crater
  13. 1986VEI 3Osservata
    1986-02-01 – 1994-07-28
    Congress and numerous other craters
  14. 1983VEI 2Osservata
    1983-12-26 – 1984-02-12
    North margin of 1978 crater complex
  15. 1976VEI 3Osservata
    1976-12-18 – 1982-01-29
    Christmas, Gibrus, and 1978 craters
  16. 1974VEI 2Osservata
    1974-09-08 – In corso
    SE of Donald Mound,
  17. 1971VEI 2Osservata
    1971-04-09 – In corso
    Noisy Nellie Crater
  18. 1971VEI 2Osservata
    1971-07-19 – 1971-07-20
    South of Rudolf (1971 crater)
  19. 1970VEI 2Osservata
    1970-06-30 – In corso
    Rudolf vent
  20. 1969VEI 2Osservata
    1969-08-16 – 1969-09-16
    Rudolf vent
  21. 1968VEI 3Osservata
    1968-01-27 – 1969-02-16
    Rudolf vent (back wall of 1933 crater)
  22. 1966VEI 3Osservata
    1966-11-13 – 1967-03-16
    Gilliver Crater
  23. 1962VEI 3Osservata
    1962-12-15 – In corso
    Big John Crater
  24. 1959VEI 2Osservata
    1959-12-14 – 1959-12-20
    Noisy Nellie Crater
  25. 1958VEI 1Osservata
    1958-12-16 – In corso
    Noisy Nellie and 1933 craters
  26. 1957VEI 2Osservata
    1957-12-11 – In corso
  27. 1955VEI 2Osservata
    1955-01-16 – In corso
  28. 1947VEI 2Osservata
    1947-01 – In corso
    Noisy Nellie Crater
  29. 1933VEI 3Osservata
    1933-04-02 – In corso
    Foot of crater ridge (1933 crater)
  30. 1930VEI 2Osservata
    1930-03-16 – In corso
  31. 1928VEI 1Osservata
    1928-09-01 – 1928-09-03
    Between Big Donald and Lot's Wife
  32. 1926VEI 2Osservata
    1926-02-03 – In corso
    Little Donald vent
  33. 1924VEI 2Osservata
    1924 – In corso
    North end of crater (Schuberts Fairy?)
  34. 1922VEI 2Osservata
    1922 – In corso
    NW end of crater (Lot's Wife vent)
  35. 1909VEI 2Osservata
    1909-05-13 – In corso
  36. 1908VEI 2Stima geologica
    1908-11-28 – 1908-12-06
  37. 1886VEI 2Stima geologica
    1886-06-10 – 1886-06-15
  38. 1886VEI 2Osservata
    1886-09-16 – 1886-12
  39. 1885VEI 2Stima geologica
    1885-01 – In corso
  40. 1885VEI 2Osservata
    1885-10 – In corso
    West end of crater
  41. 1856 (±8 anni)VEI 2Stima geologica
    1856 – In corso
  42. 1836 (±2 anni)VEI 2Osservata
    1836 – In corso
  43. 1826VEI 2Osservata
    1826-12-01 – In corso

Link esterni

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