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Mount Awu

Awu

Stratovulcano · Indonesia · 1318 m

A shallow lake partially fills the summit crater of Awu volcano in this 1995 view. Gunung Awu volcano, one of the deadliest in Indonesia, is cut by deep valleys that form passageways for lahars dissect the flanks of the 1320-m-high volcano. Powerful explosive eruptions in 1711, 1812, 1856, 1892, and 1966 produced devastating pyroclastic flows and lahars that caused more than 8000 fatalities.
A shallow lake partially fills the summit crater of Awu volcano in this 1995 view. Gunung Awu volcano, one of the deadliest in Indonesia, is cut by deep valleys that form passageways for lahars dissect the flanks of the 1320-m-high volcano. Powerful explosive eruptions in 1711, 1812, 1856, 1892, and 1966 produced devastating pyroclastic flows and lahars that caused more than 8000 fatalities. · Foto: Photo by Kristianto, 1995 (Centre of Volcanology & Geological Hazard Mitigation, Volcanological Survey of Indonesia). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Stratovulcano
Paese
Indonesia
Regione
Western Pacific Volcanic Regions / Sangihe Volcanic Arc
Altitudine
1318 m
Coordinate
3.689, 125.447
Ultima eruzione
2004
Contesto tettonico
Subduction zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Forma vulcanica
Composite
Roccia principale
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Sintesi geologica

The massive Gunung Awu stratovolcano occupies the northern end of Great Sangihe Island, the largest of the Sangihe arc. Deep valleys that form passageways for lahars dissect the flanks of the volcano, which was constructed within a 4.5-km-wide caldera. Powerful explosive eruptions in 1711, 1812, 1856, 1892, and 1966 produced devastating pyroclastic flows and lahars that caused more than 8000 cumulative fatalities. Awu contained a summit crater lake that was 1 km wide and 172 m deep in 1922, but was largely ejected during the 1966 eruption.

Sintesi da Wikipedia

Riassunto in inglese

Mount Awu is the largest stratovolcano in the Sangihe Islands chain, located on Sangir Island in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Powerful eruptions have occurred in 1711, 1812, 1856, 1822, 1892, and 1966 with devastating pyroclastic flows and lahars that resulted in 11,048 fatalities. A total of 18 eruptions are recorded from 1640, with two of VEI 4 and 3 with VEI 3, one eruption every ~ 20 years. The hazardous nature of the volcano is determined from the continuous lava source driven by the geodynamic setting and the presence of a crater lake, sustained by the consistent rainfall on the island, on top of a lava dome. This setting creates the conditions for water injection in the lava dome, which can cause a water-magma explosion.

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Storia delle eruzioni

Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni
1640~1676 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 31676~1713 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 31786~1822 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 41822~1858 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 31858~1895 · 5 eruzioni · VEI max. 31895~1931 · 4 eruzioni · VEI max. 21931~1968 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 41968~2004 · 3 eruzioni · VEI max. 216401713182218951968

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 2004VEI 2Osservata
    2004-06-02 – 2004-08-16
  2. 1992VEI 1Osservata
    1992-04-07 – In corso
    SE part of summit crater
  3. 1968VEI 2Stima geologica
    1968-08-16 – 1968-09-16
  4. 1966VEI 4Osservata
    1966-08-12 – 1966-10-16
  5. 1930VEI 2Osservata
    1930-12 – 1931-12
  6. 1922VEI 0Osservata
    1922-06-20 – 1922-09
  7. 1921VEI 0Osservata
    1921-02 – 1921-10-01
  8. 1913VEI 2Osservata
    1913-03-14 – 1913-03-14
  9. 1893VEI 2Osservata
    1893 – In corso
  10. 1892VEI 3Osservata
    1892-06-07 – 1892-06-12
  11. 1885VEI 2Osservata
    1885-08-18 – In corso
  12. 1883VEI 2Osservata
    1883-08-25 – 1883-08-26
  13. 1875VEI 2Osservata
    1875-08 – 1875-08
  14. 1856VEI 3Osservata
    1856-03-02 – 1856-03-17
  15. 1812VEI 4Osservata
    1812-08-06 – 1812-08-08
  16. 1711VEI 3Osservata
    1711-12-10 – 1711-12-16
  17. 1699VEI ?Stima geologica
    1699 – In corso
  18. 1646 (±5 anni)VEI 2Osservata
    1646 – In corso
  19. 1640VEI 3Stima geologica
    1640-12 – 1641-01-04

Link esterni

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