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Tolbačik

Tolbachik

Vulcano a scudo · Russia · 3611 m

Tolbachik is composed of two main edifices. The flat-topped Plosky Tolbachik (right) is located east of the older and higher Ostry Tolbachik cone (left). Lengthy rift zones extending NE and S of Plosky Tolbachik have erupted voluminous lava flows through the Holocene. The 1975-76 eruption from the summit and S-flank fissures was one of the largest historical basaltic eruption in Kamchatka.
Tolbachik is composed of two main edifices. The flat-topped Plosky Tolbachik (right) is located east of the older and higher Ostry Tolbachik cone (left). Lengthy rift zones extending NE and S of Plosky Tolbachik have erupted voluminous lava flows through the Holocene. The 1975-76 eruption from the summit and S-flank fissures was one of the largest historical basaltic eruption in Kamchatka. · Foto: Photo by Oleg Volynets (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Vulcano a scudo
Paese
Russia
Regione
Northwestern Pacific Volcanic Regions / Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc
Altitudine
3611 m
Coordinate
55.832, 160.326
Ultima eruzione
2013
Contesto tettonico
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Forma vulcanica
Shield
Roccia principale
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Sintesi geologica

The massive Tolbachik volcano is located at the southern end of the Kliuchevskaya volcano group. The massif is composed of two overlapping, but morphologically distinct, volcanoes. The flat-topped Plosky Tolbachik shield volcano with its nested Holocene calderas up to 3 km in diameter is located east of the older and higher sharp-topped Ostry Tolbachik stratovolcano. The summit caldera at Plosky Tolbachik was formed in association with major lava effusion about 6,500 years ago and simultaneously with a major southward-directed sector collapse of Ostry Tolbachik. Long rift zones extending NE and SSW of the volcano have erupted voluminous basaltic lava flows during the Holocene, with activity during the past two thousand years being confined to the narrow axial zone of the rifts. The 1975-76 eruption originating from the SSW-flank fissure system and the summit was the largest historical basaltic eruption in Kamchatka.

Sintesi da Wikipedia

Riassunto breve — apri l'articolo completo per maggiori dettagli.

Il Tolbačik è un vulcano complesso della Kamčatka, in Russia.

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Storia delle eruzioni

Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni
7600 BCE~7280 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?6318 BCE~5998 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?5678 BCE~5357 BCE · 3 eruzioni · VEI max. ?4716 BCE~4396 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?2153 BCE~1833 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 31833 BCE~1512 BCE · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 3872 BCE~551 BCE · 3 eruzioni · VEI max. ?231 BCE~90 · 3 eruzioni · VEI max. 490~410 · 4 eruzioni · VEI max. 4410~730 · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 3730~1051 · 4 eruzioni · VEI max. 41371~1692 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 21692~2012 · 34 eruzioni · VEI max. 47600 BCE5357 BCE2794 BCE551 BCE1692

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 2012VEI 3Osservata
    2012-11-27 – 2013-09-05
    Tolbachinsky Dol
  2. 1975VEI 4Osservata
    1975-06-28 – 1976-12-10
    South flank (18 & 28 km from summit)
  3. 1973VEI 1Stima geologica
    1973-10-16 – 1974-12-16
  4. 1970VEI 1Osservata
    1970-01-16 – 1970-04-16
  5. 1970VEI 2Osservata
    1970-09-16 – 1970-12-01
  6. 1968VEI 1Osservata
    1968-07-02 – 1969-07-02
  7. 1967VEI 2Osservata
    1967-03-16 – 1967-05-16
  8. 1967VEI 2Osservata
    1967-10-16 – 1967-11-16
  9. 1966VEI 2Osservata
    1966-04-15 – In corso
  10. 1965VEI 1Osservata
    1965-07-02 – In corso
  11. 1964VEI 2Osservata
    1964-03-16 – 1964-04-24
  12. 1962VEI 1Osservata
    1962-08-16 – 1963-07-02
  13. 1961VEI 2Osservata
    1961-03-24 – 1962-02-16
  14. 1959VEI 2Osservata
    1959-07-02 – 1960-07-02
  15. 1958VEI 2Osservata
    1958-07-13 – In corso
  16. 1956VEI 2Osservata
    1956-09-28 – 1957-11-28
  17. 1955VEI 2Osservata
    1955-01-07 – 1955-02-09
  18. 1955VEI 2Osservata
    1955-10-06 – 1955-12-08
  19. 1954VEI 2Osservata
    1954-02-21 – 1954-06-13
  20. 1947VEI 2Osservata
    1947-01 – In corso
  21. 1940VEI 2Osservata
    1940-02 – 1940-04
  22. 1940VEI 3Osservata
    1940-11 – 1941-07-15
    Summit, SW flank (1950 m)
  23. 1939VEI 2Osservata
    1939-09-25 – 1939-09-27
  24. 1936VEI 2Osservata
    1936-08-13 – 1937-03-02
  25. 1931VEI 2Osservata
    1931-03-04 – 1932
  26. 1904VEI 2Osservata
    1904 – In corso
  27. 1793VEI 2Osservata
    1793 – In corso
  28. 1790VEI 2Osservata
    1790 – In corso
  29. 1789VEI 2Osservata
    1789 – In corso
  30. 1788VEI 2Osservata
    1788 – In corso
  31. 1769VEI 2Osservata
    1769-02-15 – 1769-10-15
  32. 1740VEI 2Osservata
    1740-12 – In corso
  33. 1739VEI 2Osservata
    1739-02-01 – In corso
  34. 1699 (±1 anni)VEI 2Stima geologica
    1699 – In corso
  35. 1550VEI 2Stima geologica
    1550 – In corso
    SW flank (Zvezda)
  36. 1050VEI 3Stima geologica
    1050 – In corso
    SW flank (Visokaya, Treschina)
  37. 1000VEI 4Stima geologica
    1000 – In corso
    SW flank (Kleshnya, Rastaschenny)
  38. 950VEI 4Stima geologica
    950 – In corso
    SW flank (Alaid)
  39. 900VEI 4Stima geologica
    900 – In corso
    SW flank (Peschanie Gorky)
  40. 550VEI 3Stima geologica
    550 – In corso
    SW flank (Kamenistaya)
  41. 450VEI 3Stima geologica
    450 – In corso
    SW flank (Dvoinoy, Nedostupny, Dalny)
  42. 400VEI 4Stima geologica
    400 – In corso
    SW flank (Pelmen, Lagerny)
  43. 350VEI ?Stima geologica
    350 – In corso
    SW flank (Zasipannie)
  44. 250VEI ?Stima geologica
    250 – In corso
    SW flank (Poteryanny, Yupiter)
  45. 150VEI ?Stima geologica
    150 – In corso
    SW flank (Zapretny)
  46. 50VEI 4Stima geologica
    50 – In corso
    SW flank (Mt. 1004, Pra-Visokaya)
  47. 100 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 100 – In corso
    SW flank (Sosed, Malenky)
  48. 200 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 200 – In corso
    SW flank (Kust)
  49. 700 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 700 – In corso
    SW flank (Buraya)
  50. 750 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 750 – In corso
    SW flank (Tsepochka, Malishi)
  51. 800 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 800 – In corso
    SW flank (Serga, Starichky)
  52. 1650 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 1650 – In corso
    SW flank (Istochniky)
  53. 1750 a.C.VEI 3Stima geologica
    BCE 1750 – In corso
    SW flank (Mokhnataya)
  54. 2050 a.C.VEI 3Stima geologica
    BCE 2050 – In corso
    SW flank (Kruglenky)
  55. 4550 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 4550 – In corso
    Plosky and Ostry Tolbachik calderas
  56. 5450 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 5450 – In corso
    SW flank and NE flank
  57. 5600 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 5600 – In corso
    SW flank
  58. 5650 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 5650 – In corso
    SW flank (Bubochka)
  59. 6050 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 6050 – In corso
    SW flank (Lesnaya)
  60. 7600 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 7600 – In corso

Link esterni

⚠ Solo a scopo informativo. Non adatto a situazioni di emergenza.