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Pacaya

Vulcano complesso · Guatemala · 2569 m

The Volcán de Pacaya massif rises above the capital city of Guatemala, located only 30 km to the north. The rounded, forested lava dome of Cerro Grande forms the high point at the left. The next highest peak to the right is the historically active vent of Pacaya, with the right-hand summit being the MacKenney cone, which has been active since 1965. Eruptions of Pacaya are often visible from Guatemala City.
The Volcán de Pacaya massif rises above the capital city of Guatemala, located only 30 km to the north. The rounded, forested lava dome of Cerro Grande forms the high point at the left. The next highest peak to the right is the historically active vent of Pacaya, with the right-hand summit being the MacKenney cone, which has been active since 1965. Eruptions of Pacaya are often visible from Guatemala City. · Foto: Photo by Bill Rose, 1989 (Michigan Technological University). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Vulcano complesso
Paese
Guatemala
Regione
Middle America-Caribbean Volcanic Regions / Central America Volcanic Arc
Altitudine
2569 m
Coordinate
14.382, -90.601
Ultima eruzione
2021
Contesto tettonico
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Forma vulcanica
Composite
Roccia principale
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Sintesi geologica

Eruptions from Pacaya are frequently visible from Guatemala City, the nation's capital. This complex basaltic volcano was constructed just outside the southern topographic rim of the 14 x 16 km Pleistocene Amatitlán caldera. A cluster of dacitic lava domes occupies the southern caldera floor. The post-caldera Pacaya massif includes the older Pacaya Viejo and Cerro Grande stratovolcanoes and the currently active Mackenney stratovolcano. Collapse of Pacaya Viejo between 600 and 1,500 years ago produced a debris-avalanche deposit that extends 25 km onto the Pacific coastal plain and left an arcuate scarp inside which the modern Pacaya volcano (Mackenney cone) grew. The NW-flank Cerro Chino crater was last active in the 19th century. During the past several decades, activity has consisted of frequent Strombolian eruptions with intermittent lava flow extrusion that has partially filled in the caldera moat and covered the flanks of Mackenney cone, punctuated by occasional larger explosive eruptions that partially destroy the summit.

Sintesi da Wikipedia

Riassunto in inglese

Pacaya is an active complex volcano in Guatemala, which first erupted approximately 23,000 years ago and has erupted at least 23 times since the Spanish conquest of Guatemala. It rises to an elevation of 2,552 metres (8,373 ft). After being dormant for over 70 years, it began erupting vigorously in 1961 and has been erupting frequently since then. Much of its activity is Strombolian, but occasionally Plinian eruptions also occur, sometimes showering the area of the nearby Departments with ash.

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Storia delle eruzioni

Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni
400~562 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 2723~885 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 31046~1208 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 31208~1369 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 31531~1692 · 12 eruzioni · VEI max. 31692~1854 · 8 eruzioni · VEI max. 31854~2015 · 12 eruzioni · VEI max. 3400723120815311854

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 2015VEI 1Osservata
    2015-06-07 – 2021-08-13
    MacKenney Crater
  2. 2014VEI 1Osservata
    2014-08-25 – 2015-02-17
    MacKenney Crater
  3. 2013VEI 2Osservata
    2013-03-05 – 2014-04-10
    MacKenney Crater
  4. 2006VEI 3Osservata
    2006-03-09 – 2010-10-26
    MacKenney Cone
  5. 2004VEI 3Osservata
    2004-07-19 – 2005-09-11
    MacKenney Cone and lower S flank
  6. 2002VEI 1Osservata
    2002-05-30 – 2002-06-17
    MacKenney Crater
  7. 2001VEI 1Osservata
    2001-10-31 – 2001-10-31
    MacKenney Crater
  8. 2000VEI 1Osservata
    2000-08-16 – 2001-07-05
    MacKenney Crater
  9. 1990VEI 3Osservata
    1990-01-04 – 2000-03-01
    MacKenney Crater and flank vents
  10. 1965VEI 3Osservata
    1965-07-04 – 1989-03-10
    MacKenney Crater and flank vents
  11. 1961VEI 2Osservata
    1961-03-11 – 1961-04-15
    Cachajinas vent (South flank, 1860 m)
  12. 1885VEI 2Osservata
    1885-12 – In corso
  13. 1846VEI 2Osservata
    1846-02 – In corso
    Cerro Chino
  14. 1830VEI ?Stima geologica
    1830 – In corso
  15. 1805VEI 2Osservata
    1805 – In corso
  16. 1775VEI 3Osservata
    1775-07-01 – 1775-07-23
    Cerro Chino (SW flank and summit)
  17. 1760VEI ?Stima geologica
    1760 – In corso
  18. 1717VEI ?Stima geologica
    1717 – In corso
  19. 1699VEI 2Osservata
    1699-06-29 – In corso
  20. 1693VEI 2Osservata
    1693 – In corso
  21. 1690VEI 2Osservata
    1690 – In corso
  22. 1687VEI 2Osservata
    1687-03-26 – 1687-03-27
  23. 1678VEI 2Osservata
    1678-08 – In corso
  24. 1677VEI ?Stima geologica
    1677-07 – In corso
  25. 1674VEI 2Osservata
    1674-07 – In corso
  26. 1671VEI 2Osservata
    1671-08 – In corso
  27. 1668VEI 2Osservata
    1668-08 – 1669-06-29
  28. 1664VEI 3Osservata
    1664 – In corso
  29. 1655VEI 2Osservata
    1655-07 – In corso
  30. 1651VEI 2Osservata
    1651-02-18 – 1651-04-13
  31. 1623VEI 3Osservata
    1623 – In corso
  32. 1565VEI 3Osservata
    1565-08 – In corso
    Cerro Chino
  33. 1360 (±75 anni)VEI 3Stima geologica
    1360 – In corso
    Cerro Chino
  34. 1160 (±75 anni)VEI 3Stima geologica
    1160 – In corso
    MacKenney Crater
  35. 880 (±500 anni)VEI 3Stima geologica
    880 – In corso
  36. 400 (±50 anni)VEI 2Stima geologica
    400 – In corso

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