Vulcano Masaya
Masaya
Caldera · Nicaragua · 594 m

- Tipo
- Caldera
- Paese
- Nicaragua
- Regione
- America Centrale e Caraibi / Central America Volcanic Arc
- Altitudine
- 594 m
- Coordinate
- 11.984, -86.169
- Ultima eruzione
- 2026
- Contesto tettonico
- Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
- Forma vulcanica
- Caldera
- Roccia principale
- Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Sintesi geologica
Masaya volcano in Nicaragua has erupted frequently since the time of the Spanish Conquistadors, when an active lava lake prompted attempts to extract the volcano's molten "gold" until it was found to be basalt rock upon cooling. It lies within the massive Pleistocene Las Sierras caldera and is itself a broad, 6 x 11 km basaltic caldera with steep-sided walls up to 300 m high. The caldera is filled on its NW end by more than a dozen vents that erupted along a circular, 4-km-diameter fracture system. The Nindirí and Masaya cones, the source of observed eruptions, were constructed at the southern end of the fracture system and contain multiple summit craters, including the currently active Santiago crater. A major basaltic Plinian tephra erupted from Masaya about 6,500 years ago. Recent lava flows cover much of the caldera floor and there is a lake at the far eastern end. A lava flow from the 1670 eruption overtopped the north caldera rim. Periods of long-term vigorous gas emission at roughly quarter-century intervals have caused health hazards and crop damage.
Sintesi da Wikipedia
Riassunto in ingleseMasaya, also known historically by its aboriginal name Popogatepe in Nawat, is a caldera located in Masaya, Nicaragua, 20 km (12 mi) south of the capital Managua. It is Nicaragua's first and largest national park, and one of 78 protected areas of Nicaragua. The complex volcano is composed of a nested set of calderas and craters, the largest of which is Las Sierras shield volcano and caldera. Within this caldera lies a sub-vent, which is Masaya Volcano sensu stricto. The vent is a shield type composed of basaltic lavas and tephras and includes a summit crater. This hosts Masaya caldera, formed 2,500 years ago by an 8 km3 (1.9 cu mi) basaltic ignimbrite eruption. Inside this caldera a new basaltic complex has grown from eruptions mainly on a semi-circular set of vents that include the Masaya and Nindiri cones. The latter host the pit craters of Masaya, Santiago, Nindiri and San Pedro. Observations in the walls of the pit craters indicate that there have been several episodes of cone and pit crater formation.
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Storia delle eruzioni
Cronologia dettagliata
- 2015VEI 1Osservata2015-10-03 – 2026-03-31Santiago crater
- 2013VEI 0Osservata2013-04-11 – 2013-04-26
- 2012VEI 1Osservata2012-04-30 – 2012-06-08Santiago Crater
- 2008VEI 1Osservata2008-04-29 – 2008-12-17Santiago
- 2006VEI 1Osservata2006-08-04 – 2006-10-25Santiago
- 2005VEI 1Osservata2005-03-04 – 2005-03-30Santiago
- 2004VEI 1Stima geologica2004-07-04 – 2004-07-04Santiago
- 2003VEI 1Osservata2003-09-22 – 2003-12-12Santiago
- 2001VEI 1Osservata2001-04-23 – 2001-04-25Santiago
- 1999VEI 1Osservata1999-11-22 – 2000-03-02Santiago
- 1998VEI 1Osservata1998-09-14 – 1998-09-14Santiago
- 1997VEI 1Osservata1997-06-03 – 1997-11-17Santiago
- 1996VEI 1Osservata1996-12-05 – 1996-12-05Santiago
- 1993VEI 1Osservata1993-06-16 – 1994-11-16Santiago
- 1989VEI 1Osservata1989-02-20 – 1989-11-16Santiago
- 1987VEI 1Osservata1987-02-15 – 1987-02-22Santiago
- 1965VEI 1Osservata1965-10-10 – 1985-04-16Santiago
- 1948VEI 1Osservata1948-09-16 – 1948-09-16Santiago
- 1946VEI 1Osservata1946-06-16 – 1947-12-16Santiago
- 1925VEI 2Osservata1925-04-16 – In corsoSantiago
- 1919VEI 2Osservata1919-07-02 – 1924-07-02Santiago
- 1918VEI 1Osservata1918-01-16 – In corsoSantiago
- 1913VEI 1Osservata1913-07-12 – In corsoSantiago
- 1906VEI 2Osservata1906-01-02 – 1906-01-09Santiago and upper NE flank near El Pelón
- 1904VEI 2Osservata1904-05-16 – 1904-06-16Santiago
- 1902VEI 2Osservata1902-07-15 – 1903-11-16Santiago
- 1858VEI ?Stima geologica1858-04-16 – In corso
- 1858VEI 2Osservata1858-11-10 – 1859-03-27Santiago, San Pedro
- 1856VEI 2Osservata1856-12-16 – 1857-01-16Santiago or San Pedro
- 1853VEI 1Osservata1853-04-09 – 1853-09-15Santiago
- 1852VEI 2Osservata1852-06-16 – 1852-07-16Between Masaya and Nindirí Craters
- 1772VEI 2Osservata1772-03-16 – 1772-03-25North side of Old Masaya Crater
- 1670VEI 3Osservata1670 – In corsoNindirí
- 1613VEI 0Stima geologica1613 – In corsoNindirí
- 1570VEI 0Osservata1570 – 1586Nindirí
- 1551VEI 0Osservata1551 – In corsoNindirí
- 1524VEI 0Osservata1524 – 1544Nindirí
- 150VEI 5Stima geologica150 – In corso
- 170 a.C. (±100 anni)VEI 5Stima geologicaBCE 170 – In corso
- 4050 a.C.VEI 6Stima geologicaBCE 4050 – In corsoNW of caldera
Link esterni
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