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Monte Hudson

Hudson, Cerro

Stratovulcano · Chile · 1905 m

The ice-filled 10-km-wide caldera of the remote Cerro Hudson volcano was not recognized until its first 20th-century eruption in 1971. The massive, 1905-m-high Cerro Hudson, seen here from the west on August 23 during its 1991 eruption, covers an area of 300 km2. The caldera is drained through a breach on its NW rim (upper left), which has been the source of mudflows down the Rio de Los Huemules. The 1991 eruption was Chile's second largest of the 20th century, and formed a new 800-m-wide crater in the SW part of the caldera.
The ice-filled 10-km-wide caldera of the remote Cerro Hudson volcano was not recognized until its first 20th-century eruption in 1971. The massive, 1905-m-high Cerro Hudson, seen here from the west on August 23 during its 1991 eruption, covers an area of 300 km2. The caldera is drained through a breach on its NW rim (upper left), which has been the source of mudflows down the Rio de Los Huemules. The 1991 eruption was Chile's second largest of the 20th century, and formed a new 800-m-wide crater in the SW part of the caldera. · Foto: Photo by Norm Banks, 1991 (U.S. Geological Survey). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Stratovulcano
Paese
Chile
Regione
Sud America / Southern Andean Volcanic Arc
Altitudine
1905 m
Coordinate
-45.900, -72.970
Ultima eruzione
2011
Contesto tettonico
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
Forma vulcanica
Composite
Roccia principale
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Sintesi geologica

The ice-filled, 10-km-wide caldera of Cerro Hudson volcano was not recognized until its first 20th-century eruption in 1971. It is the southernmost volcano in the Chilean Andes, related to subduction of the Nazca plate beneath the South American plate. The massive volcano covers an area of 300 km2. The compound caldera is drained through a breach on its NW rim, which has been the source of mudflows down the Río de Los Huemeles. Two cinder cones occur N of the volcano and others occupy the SW and SE flanks. This volcano has been the source of several major Holocene explosive eruptions. An eruption about 6,700 years ago was one of the largest known in the southern Andes during the Holocene; another eruption about 3,600 years ago also produced more than 10 km3 of tephra. An eruption in 1991 formed a new 800-m-wide crater in the SW portion of the caldera.

Storia delle eruzioni

Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni
8010 BCE~7676 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?5004 BCE~4670 BCE · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. 64002 BCE~3668 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?2331 BCE~1997 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?1997 BCE~1663 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 6995 BCE~661 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?327 BCE~7 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?341~675 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?675~1009 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?1677~2011 · 5 eruzioni · VEI max. 58010 BCE5672 BCE2999 BCE661 BCE1677

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 2011VEI 2Osservata
    2011-10-26 – 2011-11-01
    S and SE edge of the caldera
  2. 1991VEI 5Osservata
    1991-08-08 – 1991-10-27
    NW caldera rim and SW caldera floor
  3. 1971VEI 3Osservata
    1971-08-12 – 1971-09-18
    NW part of caldera
  4. 1891VEI ?Osservata
    1891-07-02 – In corso
  5. 1740 (±150 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    1740 – In corso
  6. 860 (±100 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    860 – In corso
  7. 390 (±150 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    390 – In corso
  8. 120 a.C. (±200 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 120 – In corso
  9. 790 a.C. (±75 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 790 – In corso
  10. 1890 a.C.VEI 6Stima geologica
    BCE 1890 – In corso
  11. 2250 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 2250 – In corso
  12. 3890 a.C. (±500 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 3890 – In corso
  13. 4750 a.C.VEI 6Stima geologica
    BCE 4750 – In corso
  14. 4960 a.C. (±150 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 4960 – In corso
  15. 8010 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 8010 – In corso

Link esterni

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