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Trölladyngja

Bardarbunga

Stratovulcano · Iceland · 2000 m

The Veidivötn fissure system, which extends about 100 km SW from Bárdarbunga volcano, has been the source of major eruptions during the Holocene. The approximately 60-km-long Vatnaöldur crater row, seen stretching across this image, formed during a major eruption on the southern part of the fissure system in about 877 CE. The explosive eruption produced large volumes of tephra and small lava flows. The peak on the center horizon is Hekla volcano.
The Veidivötn fissure system, which extends about 100 km SW from Bárdarbunga volcano, has been the source of major eruptions during the Holocene. The approximately 60-km-long Vatnaöldur crater row, seen stretching across this image, formed during a major eruption on the southern part of the fissure system in about 877 CE. The explosive eruption produced large volumes of tephra and small lava flows. The peak on the center horizon is Hekla volcano. · Foto: Photo by Ingibjörg Kaldal (Icelandic National Energy Authority). · Wikimedia Commons
Tipo
Stratovulcano
Paese
Iceland
Regione
Atlantic Ocean Volcanic Regions / Iceland Neovolcanic Rift Volcanic Province
Altitudine
2000 m
Coordinate
64.633, -17.516
Ultima eruzione
2015
Contesto tettonico
Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
Forma vulcanica
Composite
Roccia principale
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Sintesi geologica

The large central volcano of Bárðarbunga lies beneath the NW part of the Vatnajökull icecap, NW of Grímsvötn volcano, and contains a subglacial 700-m-deep caldera. Related fissure systems include the Veidivötn and Trollagigar fissures, which extend about 100 km SW to near Torfajökull volcano and 50 km NE to near Askja volcano, respectively. Voluminous fissure eruptions, including one at Thjorsarhraun, which produced the largest known Holocene lava flow on Earth with a volume of more than 21 km3, have occurred throughout the Holocene into historical time from the Veidivötn fissure system. The last major eruption of Veidivötn, in 1477, also produced a large tephra deposit. The subglacial Loki-Fögrufjöll volcanic system to the SW is also part of the Bárðarbunga volcanic system and contains two subglacial ridges extending from the largely subglacial Hamarinn central volcano; the Loki ridge trends to the NE and the Fögrufjöll ridge to the SW. Jökulhlaups (glacier-outburst floods) from eruptions at Bárðarbunga potentially affect drainages in all directions.

Sintesi da Wikipedia

Riassunto breve — apri l'articolo completo per maggiori dettagli.

Trölladyngja è il più grande vulcano a scudo dell'Islanda.

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Storia delle eruzioni

Riepilogo (VEI nel tempo)
Fai clic su una barra per vedere le singole eruzioni
7100 BCE~6796 BCE · 2 eruzioni · VEI max. ?6796 BCE~6492 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?5277 BCE~4973 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?4973 BCE~4670 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?4670 BCE~4366 BCE · 3 eruzioni · VEI max. ?4366 BCE~4062 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?1328 BCE~1024 BCE · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. ?113 BCE~191 · 1 eruzioni · VEI max. 2799~1103 · 4 eruzioni · VEI max. 41103~1406 · 6 eruzioni · VEI max. 11406~1710 · 6 eruzioni · VEI max. 61710~2014 · 28 eruzioni · VEI max. 37100 BCE4973 BCE2543 BCE416 BCE1710

Cronologia dettagliata

  1. 2014VEI 0Osservata
    2014-08-29 – 2015-02-27
    Holuhraun vent, 45 km NE
  2. 2008VEI 0Stima geologica
    2008-08-16 – In corso
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (West Loki cauldron)
  3. 2006VEI 0Stima geologica
    2006-04-16 – In corso
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  4. 2005VEI 0Stima geologica
    2005-07-16 – 2005-08-16
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (West Loki cauldron)
  5. 2002VEI 0Stima geologica
    2002-07-16 – 2002-09-16
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (W and E Loki cauldrons)
  6. 2000VEI 0Stima geologica
    2000-08-16 – In corso
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (W and E Loki cauldrons)
  7. 1997VEI 0Stima geologica
    1997-08-16 – In corso
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  8. 1996VEI 0Stima geologica
    1996-08-16 – In corso
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (West Loki cauldron)
  9. 1995VEI 0Stima geologica
    1995-07-16 – In corso
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  10. 1991VEI 0Stima geologica
    1991-08-12 – In corso
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  11. 1986VEI 0Stima geologica
    1986-11-29 – 1986-12-01
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  12. 1910VEI 2Osservata
    1910-06-18 – 1910-10
    Loki-Fögrufjöll (East Loki cauldron)
  13. 1902VEI 2Stima geologica
    1902-12 – 1903-06
    Volcano Uncertain: Dyngjuhals ?
  14. 1872VEI ?Stima geologica
    1872 – In corso
    Volcano Uncertain: Dyngjuhals ?
  15. 1862VEI 2Osservata
    1862-06-30 – 1864-10-15
    Trollagigar
  16. 1807VEI ?Stima geologica
    1807 – In corso
    NW-Vatnajökull
  17. 1797VEI ?Stima geologica
    1797 – In corso
    Volcano Uncertain
  18. 1794VEI ?Osservata
    1794 – In corso
  19. 1769VEI 2Stima geologica
    1769 – In corso
    Volcano Uncertain: Bárdarbunga or Grímsvötn
  20. 1766VEI 2Osservata
    1766-07 – In corso
  21. 1750 (±10 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    1750 – In corso
  22. 1739VEI 2Stima geologica
    1739 – In corso
  23. 1729VEI 1Stima geologica
    1729 – In corso
    Volcano Uncertain: Dyngjuhals ?
  24. 1726VEI 1Osservata
    1726-02-01 – 1726-05-01
    Dyngjujökull, Dyngjuhal ?
  25. 1720VEI 2Stima geologica
    1720 – In corso
  26. 1717VEI 3Osservata
    1717-08-04 – 1717-09-17
  27. 1716VEI 2Osservata
    1716-10-05 – In corso
  28. 1712VEI 2Osservata
    1712-01-15 – In corso
  29. 1707VEI 2Osservata
    1707 – In corso
  30. 1706VEI 2Osservata
    1706 – In corso
  31. 1702VEI 2Stima geologica
    1702 – In corso
    Volcano Uncertain: Dyngjuhals ?
  32. 1697VEI 2Stima geologica
    1697 – In corso
  33. 1477VEI 6Osservata
    1477-02 – In corso
    Veidivötn (Veidivatnahraun)
  34. 1410VEI ?Stima geologica
    1410 – In corso
  35. 1350 (±10 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    1350 – In corso
  36. 1290 (±10 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    1290 – In corso
  37. 1270 (±10 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    1270 – In corso
  38. 1250 (±50 anni)VEI 1Stima geologica
    1250 – In corso
    Frambuni
  39. 1210 (±10 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    1210 – In corso
  40. 1159VEI ?Osservata
    1159 – In corso
  41. 1080VEI ?Stima geologica
    1080 – In corso
  42. 940VEI ?Stima geologica
    940 – In corso
  43. 880VEI ?Stima geologica
    880 – In corso
  44. 870VEI 4Stima geologica
    870 – In corso
    Vatnaöldur
  45. 150 (±100 anni)VEI 2Stima geologica
    150 – In corso
    Veidivötn (Tjorvahraun)
  46. 1200 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 1200 – In corso
    Veidivötn (Burfellshraun, Drekahraun)
  47. 4200 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 4200 – In corso
    Veidvötn (Sigolduhraun THf)
  48. 4400 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 4400 – In corso
    Veidvötn (Tungnaárhraun THe)
  49. 4550 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 4550 – In corso
    Veidivötn (Sigolduhraun, Kalfahraun)
  50. 4600 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 4600 – In corso
    Veidvötn (Tungnaárhraun THd)
  51. 4800 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 4800 – In corso
    Veidvötn (Tungnaárhraun THc)
  52. 5000 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 5000 – In corso
    Trölladyngja
  53. 6650 a.C. (±50 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 6650 – In corso
    Veidivötn (Thjorsarhraun)
  54. 7050 a.C. (±1000 anni)VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 7050 – In corso
    Veidivötn (Haahraun, Botnahraun)
  55. 7100 a.C.VEI ?Stima geologica
    BCE 7100 – In corso
    Trölladyngja (Bardarhalshraun)

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