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エルタ・アレ

Erta Ale

楯状火山 · Ethiopia · 585m

The summit of Erta Ale contains a 0.7 x 1.6 km elliptical caldera containing pit craters. A plume rises from the N pit at the left, and a lava lake was active in the center pit crater at the time of this February 2002 view from the S. It is an isolated basaltic shield volcano that is the most active volcano in Ethiopia. Recent basaltic lava flows fill much of the caldera and have overflowed its rim on the southern side. One, or sometimes two, long-term lava lakes have been active since at least 1967.
The summit of Erta Ale contains a 0.7 x 1.6 km elliptical caldera containing pit craters. A plume rises from the N pit at the left, and a lava lake was active in the center pit crater at the time of this February 2002 view from the S. It is an isolated basaltic shield volcano that is the most active volcano in Ethiopia. Recent basaltic lava flows fill much of the caldera and have overflowed its rim on the southern side. One, or sometimes two, long-term lava lakes have been active since at least 1967. · 写真: Photo by Jürg Alean, 2002 (Kantonsschule Zürcher Unterland, Bülach, Switzerland). · Wikimedia Commons
タイプ
楯状火山
国
Ethiopia
地域
Eastern Africa Volcanic Regions / Afar Rift Volcanic Province
標高
585m
座標
13.601, 40.666
最終噴火
2025年
テクトニクス環境
Rift zone / Intermediate crust (15-25 km)
火山地形
Shield
主要岩石
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
地質学的概要

The Erta Ale basaltic shield volcano in Ethiopia has a 50-km-wide edifice that rises more than 600 m from below sea level in the Danakil depression. The volcano includes a 0.7 x 1.6 km summit crater hosting steep-sided pit craters. Another larger 1.8 x 3.1 km wide depression elongated parallel to the trend of the Erta Ale range is located SE of the summit and is bounded by curvilinear fault scarps on the SE side. Basaltic lava flows from these fissures have poured into the caldera and locally overflowed its rim. The summit caldera usually also holds at least one long-term lava lake that has been active since at least 1967, and possibly since 1906. Recent fissure eruptions have occurred on the N flank.

Wikipedia の要約

英語版の要約

Erta Ale is a continuously active shield volcano in the Afar Region of northeastern Ethiopia, which is itself part of the wider Afar Triangle. The volcano is located in the Danakil Depression, an area on the border between Ethiopia and Eritrea that is below sea level. It is composed of basalt, and it is the most active of the volcanoes in Ethiopia.

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噴火履歴

概要 (VEI時系列)
バーをクリックすると個別の噴火が表示されます
1873~1882 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 21901~1911 · 3件 · 最大 VEI 21939~1948 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 01958~1967 · 2件 · 最大 VEI 018731892192019391958

詳細タイムライン

  1. 1967年VEI 0観測記録
    1967-07-02 ~ 2025-08-07
  2. 1960年VEI 0観測記録
    1960-01-16 ~ 進行中
  3. 1940年VEI 0観測記録
    1940 ~ 進行中
  4. 1906年VEI 0観測記録
    1906-05 ~ 進行中
  5. 1904年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1904-11-01 ~ 進行中
  6. 1903年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1903 ~ 進行中
  7. 1873年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1873 ~ 進行中

外部リンク

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