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McDonald Island

McDonald Islands

複成火山 · Australia · 263m

Three small, low islands on the Kerguelen Plateau form the McDonald Islands. The largest island, McDonald, is only 1 km2 in area and around 200 m high. This April 1997 photo shows a plume at Samarang Hill (right). The Island is composed of a layered tuff plateau cut by dikes and lava domes. A possible nearby active submarine center was inferred from pumice that washed up on Heard Island in 1992. The snow-capped peak in the background is Heard volcano, 44 km to the E.
Three small, low islands on the Kerguelen Plateau form the McDonald Islands. The largest island, McDonald, is only 1 km2 in area and around 200 m high. This April 1997 photo shows a plume at Samarang Hill (right). The Island is composed of a layered tuff plateau cut by dikes and lava domes. A possible nearby active submarine center was inferred from pumice that washed up on Heard Island in 1992. The snow-capped peak in the background is Heard volcano, 44 km to the E. · 写真: Copyrighted photo by Richard Williams, 1997 (Australian Antarctic Div., published in Global Volcanism Network Bulletin).
タイプ
複成火山
国
Australia
地域
Somalian-Antarctic Volcanic Regions / Kerguelen Hotspot Volcano Group
標高
263m
座標
-53.039, 72.595
最終噴火
2005年
テクトニクス環境
Intraplate / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
火山地形
Composite
主要岩石
Phonolite
地質学的概要

The McDonald Islands are located on the Kerguelen Plateau about 75 km W of Heard Island. The largest island, McDonald, is composed of a layered phonolitic tuff plateau cut by phonolitic dikes and lava domes. A possible nearby active submarine center was inferred from phonolitic pumice that washed up on Heard Island in 1992. Volcanic plumes were observed in December 1996 and January 1997 from McDonald Island. During March 1997 the crew of a vessel that sailed near the island noted vigorous steaming from a vent on the N side of the island along with possible pyroclastic deposits and lava flows. A satellite image taken in November 2001 showed the island to have more than doubled in area since previous reported observations in November 2000.

Wikipedia の要約

英語版の要約

The McDonald Islands are an uninhabited archipelago in the southern Indian Ocean in the vicinity of Heard Island. Together with Heard Island, they make up the Australian external territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands. The McDonald Islands are the emergent peaks of submarine volcanoes and are Australian external territory. Prior to 1992, there had not been an eruption in the previous 75,000 years.

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噴火履歴

概要 (VEI時系列)
バーをクリックすると個別の噴火が表示されます
1992~1993 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 01996~1997 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 12000~2001 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 12004~2005 · 2件 · 最大 VEI 119921995199920012004

詳細タイムライン

  1. 2005年VEI 0観測記録
    2005-07-12 ~ 進行中
  2. 2004年VEI 1地質学的推定
    2004-11-14 ~ 2004-11-14
  3. 2001年VEI 1観測記録
    2001-05-03 ~ 進行中
  4. 1996年VEI 1観測記録
    1996-12-16 ~ 1997-02-10
    Northern part of McDonald Island
  5. 1992年VEI 0観測記録
    1992-12-16 ~ 進行中
    Submarine vent near McDonald Islands

外部リンク

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