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カルカル島

Karkar

成層火山 · Papua New Guinea · 1839m

An ash plume rises above the summit of Karkar volcano in 1979. There are two nested summit calderas at the summit of the forested volcano resulting in a broad, low profile. The 5.5-km-wide outer caldera was formed during one or more eruptions, the last of which occurred 9,000 years ago. The 3.2-km-wide inner caldera was formed sometime between 1,500 and 800 years ago. Most historical eruptions, like this one in 1979, have originated from Bagiai cone within the 300-m-deep inner caldera.
An ash plume rises above the summit of Karkar volcano in 1979. There are two nested summit calderas at the summit of the forested volcano resulting in a broad, low profile. The 5.5-km-wide outer caldera was formed during one or more eruptions, the last of which occurred 9,000 years ago. The 3.2-km-wide inner caldera was formed sometime between 1,500 and 800 years ago. Most historical eruptions, like this one in 1979, have originated from Bagiai cone within the 300-m-deep inner caldera. · 写真: Photo by Wally Johnson, 1979 (Australia Bureau of Mineral Resources). · Wikimedia Commons
タイプ
成層火山
国
Papua New Guinea
地域
Southwestern Pacific Volcanic Regions / Bismarck Volcanic Arc
標高
1839m
座標
-4.647, 145.976
最終噴火
1979年
テクトニクス環境
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
火山地形
Composite
主要岩石
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
地質学的概要

Karkar is a 19 x 25 km forest-covered island that is truncated by two nested summit calderas. The 5.5 km outer caldera was formed during one or more eruptions, the last of which occurred 9,000 years ago. The steep-walled 300-m-deep, 3.2 km diameter, inner caldera was formed sometime between 1,500 and 800 years ago. Cones are present on the N and S flanks of this basaltic-to-andesitic volcano; a linear array of small cones extends from the northern rim of the outer caldera nearly to the coast. Recorded eruptions date back to 1643 from Bagiai, a pyroclastic cone constructed within the inner caldera, the floor of which is covered by young, mostly unvegetated andesitic lava flows.

Wikipedia の要約

英語版の要約

Karkar Island is an oval-shaped volcanic island located in the Bismarck Sea, about 74 kilometres (46 mi) off the north coast of mainland Papua New Guinea in Madang Province, from which it is separated by the Isumrud Strait. The island is about 25 km (16 mi) in length and 19 km (12 mi) in width. In the centre is an active volcano with two nested calderas.

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噴火履歴

概要 (VEI時系列)
バーをクリックすると個別の噴火が表示されます
7140 BCE~6835 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI 41037 BCE~732 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI ?488~793 · 2件 · 最大 VEI 4793~1099 · 1件 · 最大 VEI ?1404~1709 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 31709~2014 · 13件 · 最大 VEI 37140 BCE5004 BCE2563 BCE427 BCE1709

詳細タイムライン

  1. 2014年VEI 1観測記録
    2014-03-26 ~ 2014-03-27
    Uncertain
  2. 2013年VEI 3観測記録
    2013-01-29 ~ 2013-03-15
    Bagiai cone
  3. 2012年VEI 3観測記録
    2012-02-01 ~ 2012-02-01
    Unknown
  4. 2010年VEI 1観測記録
    2010-02-25 ~ 2010-02-26
    Uncertain
  5. 2009年VEI ?地質学的推定
    2009-05-01 ~ 進行中
  6. 1980年VEI 1地質学的推定
    1980-01-07 ~ 1980-01-17
  7. 1979年VEI 2観測記録
    1979-01-12 ~ 1979-08-09
    SE foot of Bagiai
  8. 1974年VEI 2観測記録
    1974-02-14 ~ 1974-08-08
    Bagiai
  9. 1974年VEI 2観測記録
    1974-12-30 ~ 1975-06-26
    Bagiai
  10. 1962年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1962-07-02 ~ 進行中
    Ulumam
  11. 1895年VEI 2観測記録
    1895-06-17 ~ 1895-08
  12. 1885年VEI 2観測記録
    1885 ~ 進行中
  13. 1830年VEI ?地質学的推定
    1830 ~ 進行中
  14. 1643年VEI 3観測記録
    1643-04-20 ~ 進行中
  15. 1070年 (±200年)VEI ?地質学的推定
    1070 ~ 進行中
    South flank (Patilo Cone)
  16. 730年VEI 4地質学的推定
    730 ~ 進行中
  17. 520年 (±100年)VEI 4地質学的推定
    520 ~ 進行中
  18. 紀元前 870年 (±75年)VEI ?地質学的推定
    BCE 870 ~ 進行中
  19. 紀元前 7140年 (±150年)VEI 4地質学的推定
    BCE 7140 ~ 進行中

外部リンク

⚠ 参考情報です。緊急対応には使用しないでください。