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ガレラス山

Galeras

複成火山 · Colombia · 4276m

Galeras, a stratovolcano with a large breached caldera located immediately west of the city of Pasto, is one of Colombia's most frequently active volcanoes. It is seen here from the south on March 17, 1989, with steam clouds pouring from vents on the large central cone near the back headwall of the caldera, whose south rim forms the ridge in the foreground. Major explosive eruptions since the mid Holocene have produced widespread tephra deposits and pyroclastic flows that swept all but the southern flanks.
Galeras, a stratovolcano with a large breached caldera located immediately west of the city of Pasto, is one of Colombia's most frequently active volcanoes. It is seen here from the south on March 17, 1989, with steam clouds pouring from vents on the large central cone near the back headwall of the caldera, whose south rim forms the ridge in the foreground. Major explosive eruptions since the mid Holocene have produced widespread tephra deposits and pyroclastic flows that swept all but the southern flanks. · 写真: Photo by Norm Banks, 1989 (U.S. Geological Survey). · Wikimedia Commons
タイプ
複成火山
国
Colombia
地域
南アメリカ / Northern Andean Volcanic Arc
標高
4276m
座標
1.220, -77.370
最終噴火
2014年
テクトニクス環境
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
火山地形
Composite
主要岩石
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
地質学的概要

Galeras, a stratovolcano with a large breached caldera located immediately west of the city of Pasto, is one of Colombia's most frequently active volcanoes. The dominantly andesitic complex has been active for more than 1 million years, and two major caldera collapse eruptions took place during the late Pleistocene. Long-term extensive hydrothermal alteration has contributed to large-scale edifice collapse on at least three occasions, producing debris avalanches that swept to the west and left a large open caldera inside which the modern cone has been constructed. Major explosive eruptions since the mid-Holocene have produced widespread tephra deposits and pyroclastic flows that swept all but the southern flanks. A central cone slightly lower than the caldera rim has been the site of numerous small-to-moderate eruptions since the time of the Spanish conquistadors.

Wikipedia の要約

英語版の要約

Galeras is an active stratovolcano in the Colombian department of Nariño, near the departmental capital Pasto. Its summit rises 4,276 metres (14,029 ft) above sea level. It has erupted frequently since the Spanish conquest, with its first historical eruption being recorded on December 7, 1580. A 1993 eruption killed nine people, including six scientists who had descended into the volcano's crater to sample gases and take gravity measurements in an attempt to be able to predict future eruptions. It is currently the most active volcano in Colombia.

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噴火履歴

概要 (VEI時系列)
バーをクリックすると個別の噴火が表示されます
7050 BCE~6748 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI ?3425 BCE~3123 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI 32821 BCE~2519 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI 21311 BCE~1009 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI 2707 BCE~405 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI 2804~1106 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 21408~1710 · 5件 · 最大 VEI 31710~2012 · 31件 · 最大 VEI 37050 BCE4936 BCE2519 BCE405 BCE1710

詳細タイムライン

  1. 2012年VEI 2観測記録
    2012-05-13 ~ 2014-01-30
    Summit crater
  2. 2011年VEI ?観測記録
    2011-03-31 ~ 2011-04-01
    Summit crater
  3. 2010年VEI 1観測記録
    2010-08-25 ~ 2010-08-25
    Central cone
  4. 2008年VEI 3観測記録
    2008-10-21 ~ 2010-01-02
  5. 2007年VEI 3観測記録
    2007-10-04 ~ 2008-01-17
  6. 2005年VEI 2観測記録
    2005-11-24 ~ 2006-07-12
  7. 2004年VEI 3観測記録
    2004-07-16 ~ 2005-02-07
    El Pinta vent
  8. 2002年VEI 1観測記録
    2002-06-07 ~ 2002-06-07
    El Pinta vent
  9. 2000年VEI 1観測記録
    2000-03-21 ~ 2000-05-18
  10. 1993年VEI 2観測記録
    1993-01-14 ~ 1993-06-07
    Summit crater, west, SW, & south rims
  11. 1990年VEI 2観測記録
    1990-01-07 ~ 1992-07-16
  12. 1989年VEI 2観測記録
    1989-02-19 ~ 1989-05-09
    El Pinta vent
  13. 1974年VEI 1観測記録
    1974-07-02 ~ 1983-07-02
  14. 1973年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1973-05-16 ~ 進行中
  15. 1950年VEI 2観測記録
    1950-01-12 ~ 1950-09-05
  16. 1947年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1947-07-15 ~ 進行中
  17. 1936年VEI 2観測記録
    1936-02-09 ~ 1936-08-27
  18. 1933年VEI ?地質学的推定
    1933-07-02 ~ 進行中
  19. 1932年VEI 2観測記録
    1932-10-10 ~ 進行中
  20. 1930年VEI ?地質学的推定
    1930-04-17 ~ 進行中
  21. 1924年VEI 3観測記録
    1924-10-16 ~ 1927-07-02
  22. 1923年VEI 2観測記録
    1923-12-08 ~ 進行中
  23. 1891年VEI 2観測記録
    1891-07-02 ~ 進行中
  24. 1889年VEI 2観測記録
    1889-07-03 ~ 進行中
  25. 1865年VEI 3観測記録
    1865-10-02 ~ 1870-07-02
  26. 1836年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1836-07-02 ~ 進行中
  27. 1834年VEI 2観測記録
    1834-07-02 ~ 進行中
  28. 1828年VEI 3観測記録
    1828-10-24 ~ 1834-03-16
  29. 1823年VEI 2観測記録
    1823-06-17 ~ 1823-06-24
  30. 1796年VEI 2観測記録
    1796-11 ~ 1801-07-02
  31. 1754年VEI 2観測記録
    1754 ~ 1756
  32. 1670年VEI 3観測記録
    1670 ~ 1736
  33. 1641年VEI 3観測記録
    1641 ~ 1643
  34. 1616年VEI 3観測記録
    1616-07-04 ~ 1616-07-04
  35. 1580年VEI 3観測記録
    1580-12-07 ~ 1580-12-07
  36. 1535年VEI 3観測記録
    1535 ~ 進行中
  37. 890年 (±200年)VEI 2地質学的推定
    890 ~ 進行中
  38. 紀元前 490年 (±100年)VEI 2地質学的推定
    BCE 490 ~ 進行中
  39. 紀元前 1160年 (±300年)VEI 2地質学的推定
    BCE 1160 ~ 進行中
  40. 紀元前 2580年 (±500年)VEI 2地質学的推定
    BCE 2580 ~ 進行中
  41. 紀元前 3150年 (±200年)VEI 3地質学的推定
    BCE 3150 ~ 進行中
  42. 紀元前 7050年 (±1000年)VEI ?地質学的推定
    BCE 7050 ~ 進行中

外部リンク

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