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シェラ・ネグラ火山

Negra, Sierra

楯状火山 · Ecuador · 1124m

An aerial view of the SW caldera floor of Sierra Negra volcano shows El Azufre fumarolic field and the trap-door fault to the left. This sinuous 14-km-long, N-S-trending ridge occupies the west part of the caldera floor, which lies only about 100 m below its rim. El Azufre, the largest fumarolic area in the Galápagos Islands, lies within a graben between this ridge and the west caldera wall. The broad shield volcano of Sierra Negra at the southern end of Isabela Island contains a shallow 7 x 10.5 km caldera that is the largest in the Galápagos Islands.
An aerial view of the SW caldera floor of Sierra Negra volcano shows El Azufre fumarolic field and the trap-door fault to the left. This sinuous 14-km-long, N-S-trending ridge occupies the west part of the caldera floor, which lies only about 100 m below its rim. El Azufre, the largest fumarolic area in the Galápagos Islands, lies within a graben between this ridge and the west caldera wall. The broad shield volcano of Sierra Negra at the southern end of Isabela Island contains a shallow 7 x 10.5 km caldera that is the largest in the Galápagos Islands. · 写真: Photo by Patricio Ramon, 2005 (Instituto Geofisca, Escuela Politecnica Nacional). · Wikimedia Commons
タイプ
楯状火山
国
Ecuador
地域
Eastern Pacific Volcanic Regions / Galapagos Hotspot Volcano Group
標高
1124m
座標
-0.830, -91.170
最終噴火
2018年
テクトニクス環境
Rift zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
火山地形
Shield
主要岩石
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
地質学的概要

The broad shield volcano of Sierra Negra at the southern end of Isabela Island contains a shallow 7 x 10.5 km caldera that is the largest in the Galápagos Islands. Flank vents abound, including cinder cones and spatter cones concentrated along an ENE-trending rift system and tuff cones along the coast and forming offshore islands. Although it is the largest of the five major Isabela volcanoes, it has the flattest slopes, averaging less than 5° and diminishing to 2° near the coast. A sinuous 14-km-long, N-S-trending ridge occupies the west part of the caldera floor, which lies only about 100 m below its rim. The Volcán de Azufre fumarolic area lies within a graben between this ridge and the west caldera wall. Lava flows from a major eruption in 1979 extend all the way to the north coast from circumferential fissure vents on the upper northern flank.

Wikipedia の要約

英語版の要約

Sierra Negra is a large shield volcano at the southeastern end of Isabela Island in the Galapagos that rises to an altitude of 1124m. It coalesces with the volcanoes Cerro Azul to the west and Alcedo to the north. It is one of the most active of the Galapagos volcanoes with the most recent historic eruption beginning in June 2018 and continuing through the summer.

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噴火履歴

概要 (VEI時系列)
バーをクリックすると個別の噴火が表示されます
8250 BCE~7908 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI 01405 BCE~1062 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI 0307~649 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 0991~1333 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 01333~1676 · 1件 · 最大 VEI 01676~2018 · 13件 · 最大 VEI 38250 BCE5854 BCE3116 BCE720 BCE1676

詳細タイムライン

  1. 2018年VEI 2観測記録
    2018-06-26 ~ 2018-08-23
    Summit crater and NNW flank, Volcan Chico fissure vent
  2. 2005年VEI 3観測記録
    2005-10-22 ~ 2005-10-30
    North caldera rim
  3. 1979年VEI 3観測記録
    1979-11-13 ~ 1980-01-14
    Upper NW and NE flanks (Volcán Chico)
  4. 1963年VEI 2観測記録
    1963-04-13 ~ 1963-05-16
    Volcán Chico area & NW caldera rim
  5. 1957年VEI ?地質学的推定
    1957-07-02 ~ 進行中
    Volcano Uncertain: Isabela Island
  6. 1954年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1954-11-09 ~ 進行中
    Volcano Uncertain: originally Alcedo
  7. 1953年VEI 3観測記録
    1953-08-27 ~ 1954-01-16
    Volcán Chico area & NW caldera rim
  8. 1948年VEI 2観測記録
    1948-08 ~ 1949-02
  9. 1911年VEI ?観測記録
    1911-12-31 ~ 進行中
  10. 1860年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1860 ~ 進行中
    Volcano Uncertain: Isabela Island
  11. 1844年VEI 0地質学的推定
    1844 ~ 進行中
    Volcano Uncertain: Isabela Island
  12. 1817年VEI ?地質学的推定
    1817 ~ 進行中
    Volcano Uncertain: Isabela Island
  13. 1813年VEI 2地質学的推定
    1813-07-13 ~ 進行中
    Volcano Uncertain: South end of Isabela Island
  14. 1350年 (±500年)VEI 0地質学的推定
    1350 ~ 進行中
  15. 1060年 (±500年)VEI 0地質学的推定
    1060 ~ 進行中
  16. 370年 (±1100年)VEI 0地質学的推定
    370 ~ 進行中
  17. 紀元前 1250年 (±100年)VEI 0地質学的推定
    BCE 1250 ~ 進行中
    SE flank
  18. 紀元前 8250年 (±1600年)VEI 0地質学的推定
    BCE 8250 ~ 進行中

外部リンク

⚠ 参考情報です。緊急対応には使用しないでください。