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Hierro

楯状火山 · Spain · 1500m

The massive El Hierro shield volcano is truncated by a large NW-facing escarpment, seen here, which formed as a result of gravitational collapse of the volcano. The steep-sided 1,500-m-high scarp towers above a low lava platform bordering 14-km-wide El Golfo Bay, which is barely visible at the extreme left. Holocene cones and flows are found both on the outer flanks and in the El Golfo depression. The latest subaerial eruption, during the 18th century, produced a lava flow from a cinder cone on the northwest side of El Golfo. A submarine eruption occurred in 2011-12 near the southern flank.
The massive El Hierro shield volcano is truncated by a large NW-facing escarpment, seen here, which formed as a result of gravitational collapse of the volcano. The steep-sided 1,500-m-high scarp towers above a low lava platform bordering 14-km-wide El Golfo Bay, which is barely visible at the extreme left. Holocene cones and flows are found both on the outer flanks and in the El Golfo depression. The latest subaerial eruption, during the 18th century, produced a lava flow from a cinder cone on the northwest side of El Golfo. A submarine eruption occurred in 2011-12 near the southern flank. · 写真: Photo by Yasuo Miyabuchi, 1997 (Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kyushu). · Wikimedia Commons
タイプ
楯状火山
国
Spain
地域
北アフリカ / Canary Volcanic Province
標高
1500m
座標
27.730, -18.030
最終噴火
2012年
テクトニクス環境
Intraplate / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
火山地形
Shield
主要岩石
Trachybasalt / Tephrite Basanite
地質学的概要

The triangular island of Hierro is the SW-most and least studied of the Canary Islands. The massive shield volcano is truncated by a large NW-facing escarpment formed as a result of gravitational collapse of El Golfo volcano about 130,000 years ago. The steep-sided scarp towers above a low lava platform bordering 12-km-wide El Golfo Bay, and three other large submarine landslide deposits occur to the SW and SE. Three prominent rifts oriented NW, NE, and S form prominent topographic ridges. The subaerial portion of the volcano consists of flat-lying Quaternary basaltic and trachybasaltic lava flows and tuffs capped by numerous young cinder cones and lava flows. Holocene cones and flows are found both on the outer flanks and in the El Golfo depression. Hierro contains the greatest concentration of young vents in the Canary Islands. Uncertainty surrounds the report of an eruption in 1793. A submarine eruption took place about 2 km SSW off the southern point of the island during 2011-12.

Wikipedia の要約

英語版の要約

El Hierro, nicknamed Isla del Meridiano, is the southernmost and westernmost of the Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Africa, with a population of 11,659 (2023). Its capital is Valverde. At 268.51 square kilometres (103.67 sq mi), it is the second-smallest of the eight inhabited islands of the Canaries, with La Graciosa being the smallest.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · 記事全文を読む →

噴火履歴

概要 (VEI時系列)
バーをクリックすると個別の噴火が表示されます
4790 BCE~4563 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI ?1163 BCE~936 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI ?709 BCE~483 BCE · 1件 · 最大 VEI ?1558~1784 · 2件 · 最大 VEI ?1784~2011 · 2件 · 最大 VEI 24790 BCE3203 BCE1389 BCE1971784

詳細タイムライン

  1. 2011年VEI 2観測記録
    2011-10-10 ~ 2012-03-05
    Submarine S flank, Tagaro cone
  2. 1793年VEI 0地質学的推定
    1793-05 ~ 1793-06
    NW rift (Volcán de Lomo Negro)?
  3. 1692年VEI ?地質学的推定
    1692 ~ 進行中
  4. 1677年VEI ?地質学的推定
    1677 ~ 進行中
  5. 紀元前 550年 (±75年)VEI ?地質学的推定
    BCE 550 ~ 進行中
    Montañas Chamuscada-Entremontañas
  6. 紀元前 950年 (±150年)VEI ?地質学的推定
    BCE 950 ~ 進行中
    East flank (Soliman)
  7. 紀元前 4790年VEI ?地質学的推定
    BCE 4790 ~ 進行中

外部リンク

⚠ 参考情報です。緊急対応には使用しないでください。