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Raoul Island

성층화산 · New Zealand · 516m

Anvil-shaped Raoul Island is the largest and northernmost of the Kermadec Islands. Two calderas are prominent in this International Space Station view with N to the upper right. The 2.5 x 3.5 km caldera cuts the center of the island, and the E wall of the partially submerged Denham Bay caldera rises above the smooth coastline at the left-center. The 6.5 x 4 km wide Denham Bay caldera formed during a major dacitic explosive eruption about 2,200 years ago, which truncated the W side of the island.
Anvil-shaped Raoul Island is the largest and northernmost of the Kermadec Islands. Two calderas are prominent in this International Space Station view with N to the upper right. The 2.5 x 3.5 km caldera cuts the center of the island, and the E wall of the partially submerged Denham Bay caldera rises above the smooth coastline at the left-center. The 6.5 x 4 km wide Denham Bay caldera formed during a major dacitic explosive eruption about 2,200 years ago, which truncated the W side of the island. · 사진: NASA International Space Station image ISS002-E-8883, 2001 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/). · Wikimedia Commons
화산 유형
성층화산
국가
New Zealand
지역
Tonga-Kermadec Volcanic Regions / Northern Kermadec Volcanic Arc
해발
516m
좌표
-29.270, -177.920
마지막 분화
2006년
판구조 환경
Subduction zone / Oceanic crust (< 15 km)
화산 지형
Composite
주요 암석
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
지질학적 요약

Anvil-shaped Raoul Island is the largest and northernmost of the Kermadec Islands. During the past several thousand years volcanism has been dominated by dacitic explosive eruptions. Two Holocene calderas exist, the older of which cuts the center the island and is about 2.5 x 3.5 km wide. Denham caldera, formed during a major dacitic explosive eruption about 2200 years ago, truncated the W side of the island and is 6.5 x 4 km wide. Its long axis is parallel to the tectonic fabric of the Havre Trough that lies W of the volcanic arc. Historical eruptions during the 19th and 20th centuries have sometimes occurred simultaneously from both calderas, and have consisted of small-to-moderate phreatic eruptions, some of which formed ephemeral islands in Denham caldera. An unnamed submarine cone, one of several located along a fissure on the lower NNE flank, has also erupted during historical time, and satellitic vents are concentrated along two parallel NNE-trending lineaments.

Wikipedia 요약

영어 요약

Raoul Island is the largest and northernmost of the main Kermadec Islands, 900 km south south-west of 'Ata Island of Tonga and 1,100 km north north-east of New Zealand's North Island. It has been the source of vigorous volcanic activity during the past several thousand years that was dominated by dacitic explosive eruptions, with the largest being VEI-6.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · 전체 기사 보기 →

분화 이력

요약 (VEI 시계열)
막대를 클릭하면 개별 분화가 표시됩니다
2000 BCE~1809 BCE · 1건 · 최고 VEI 41237 BCE~1046 BCE · 1건 · 최고 VEI 4283 BCE~92 BCE · 1건 · 최고 VEI 692 BCE~98 · 1건 · 최고 VEI 398~289 · 1건 · 최고 VEI 4289~480 · 1건 · 최고 VEI 4480~671 · 1건 · 최고 VEI 4671~861 · 2건 · 최고 VEI 41434~1624 · 1건 · 최고 VEI ?1624~1815 · 3건 · 최고 VEI 41815~2006 · 5건 · 최고 VEI 32000 BCE1046 BCE92 BCE8611815

상세 타임라인

  1. 2006년VEI 1관측 기록
    2006-03-17 ~ 2006-03-17
    Green Lake crater
  2. 1987년VEI 0지질학적 추정
    1987-03-25 ~ 1987-03-25
    NNE flank (7 km from Raoul Island)
  3. 1964년VEI 2관측 기록
    1964-11-19 ~ 1965-04-25
    West side of Green Lake, Denham caldera
  4. 1886년VEI 0관측 기록
    1886-03 ~ 진행 중
    NNE flank (7.5 km from Raoul Island)
  5. 1870년VEI 3관측 기록
    1870-06-20 ~ 1870-10-03
    Denham caldera, Green Lake
  6. 1814년VEI 3관측 기록
    1814-03-09 ~ 진행 중
    Denham caldera and Smith Crater
  7. 1720년 (±50년)VEI 4지질학적 추정
    1720 ~ 진행 중
    Denham Bay?, Tui Lake Crater
  8. 1630년 (±50년)VEI 4지질학적 추정
    1630 ~ 진행 중
    Rangitahua Crater
  9. 1450년VEI ?지질학적 추정
    1450 ~ 진행 중
    NE of Raoul Island (Meyer Islands)
  10. 850년VEI 4지질학적 추정
    850 ~ 진행 중
    Expedition Crater
  11. 700년VEI 3지질학적 추정
    700 ~ 진행 중
    Pukekohu Crater
  12. 550년VEI 4지질학적 추정
    550 ~ 진행 중
    Green Lake Pumice Crater
  13. 400년VEI 4지질학적 추정
    400 ~ 진행 중
    S part Raoul Caldera
  14. 100년VEI 4지질학적 추정
    100 ~ 진행 중
    N flank Moumoukai volcano
  15. 기원전 50년VEI 3지질학적 추정
    BCE 50 ~ 진행 중
    Denham caldera?
  16. 기원전 250년 (±75년)VEI 6지질학적 추정
    BCE 250 ~ 진행 중
    Denham caldera
  17. 기원전 1200년 (±150년)VEI 4지질학적 추정
    BCE 1200 ~ 진행 중
    SW part of Raoul caldera
  18. 기원전 2000년 (±100년)VEI 4지질학적 추정
    BCE 2000 ~ 진행 중
    SE Raoul caldera

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