본문으로 건너뛰기
← 지도로 돌아가기
⇄ 비교

킬로토아

Quilotoa

칼데라 · Ecuador · 3914m

Quilotoa is a truncated, forested dacitic cone containing a steep-walled, 3-km-wide caldera filled by a 250-m-deep lake. Lava domes form the caldera's perimeter and occupy its floor. Its most recent large eruption about 800 years ago produced voluminous pyroclastic flows, lahars that reached the Pacific Ocean, and one of the largest airfall-tephra deposits of the northern Andes. Reports of historical eruptions from the caldera lake are somewhat ambiguous. Fumaroles are present on the lake floor and hot springs occur on the eastern flank.
Quilotoa is a truncated, forested dacitic cone containing a steep-walled, 3-km-wide caldera filled by a 250-m-deep lake. Lava domes form the caldera's perimeter and occupy its floor. Its most recent large eruption about 800 years ago produced voluminous pyroclastic flows, lahars that reached the Pacific Ocean, and one of the largest airfall-tephra deposits of the northern Andes. Reports of historical eruptions from the caldera lake are somewhat ambiguous. Fumaroles are present on the lake floor and hot springs occur on the eastern flank. · 사진: Photo by Minard Hall, 1973 (Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito). · Wikimedia Commons
화산 유형
칼데라
국가
Ecuador
지역
남아메리카 / Northern Andean Volcanic Arc
해발
3914m
좌표
-0.859, -78.904
마지막 분화
1280년
판구조 환경
Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)
화산 지형
Caldera
주요 암석
Dacite
지질학적 요약

Quilotoa is a truncated, dacitic cone in the Western Cordillera of Ecuador, 35 km WNW of the city of Latacunga, that contains a 3-km-wide caldera with steep-sided walls that rise 400 m above the surface of 240-m-deep caldera lake. Multiple lava domes are present along the caldera's perimeter. This small volcano has produced eight major explosive eruptions during the past 200,000 years. Its most recent major eruption about 800 radiocarbon years ago produced voluminous pyroclastic flows, lahars that reached the Pacific Ocean, and one of the largest airfall-tephra deposits of the northern Andes. Formation of the caldera was followed by extrusion of a small lava dome. Reports of observed eruptions from the caldera lake are somewhat ambiguous. Fumaroles are present on the lake floor and hot springs occur on the E flank.

Wikipedia 요약

영어 요약

Quilotoa is a water-filled crater lake and the most western volcano in the Ecuadorian Andes. The 3-kilometre-wide (2 mi) caldera was formed by the collapse of this dacite volcano following a catastrophic VEI-6 eruption about 800 years ago, which produced pyroclastic flows and lahars that reached the Pacific Ocean, and spread an airborne deposit of volcanic ash throughout the northern Andes. This last eruption followed a dormancy period of 14,000 years and is known as the 1280 Plinian eruption. The fourth eruptive phase was phreatomagmatic, indicating that a crater lake was already present at that time. The caldera has since accumulated a 250-metre-deep (820 ft) crater lake, which has a greenish color as a result of dissolved minerals. Fumaroles are found on the lake floor, and hot springs occur on the eastern flank of the volcano.

Wikipedia · CC BY-SA · 전체 기사 보기 →

분화 이력

요약 (VEI 시계열)
막대를 클릭하면 개별 분화가 표시됩니다
1280~1332 · 1건 · 최고 VEI 61694~1745 · 2건 · 최고 VEI 21745~1797 · 2건 · 최고 VEI 212801383153916421745

상세 타임라인

  1. 1797년VEI ?지질학적 추정
    1797-02-04 ~ 진행 중
  2. 1759년VEI 2지질학적 추정
    1759 ~ 진행 중
  3. 1740년VEI 2지질학적 추정
    1740-12 ~ 진행 중
  4. 1725년VEI 2지질학적 추정
    1725 ~ 진행 중
  5. 1280년VEI 6지질학적 추정
    1280 ~ 진행 중

외부 링크

⚠ 참고용 정보입니다. 재난 대응에 사용하지 마세요.